境内外媒体密切关注李克强重庆之行看看亮出中央哪些底牌

□ 文/本刊记者 唐纲

境内外媒体密切关注李克强重庆之行看看亮出中央哪些底牌

□ 文/本刊记者 唐纲

4月28日，中共中央政治局常委、国务院总理李克强亲临重庆考察调研，重提借长江黄金水道来推动长江经济带建设，推动涵盖6亿人口的区域经济增长，推动西部大开发。

李克强的重庆之行引起了境内外媒体的密切关注，各大媒体祭出“看家本领”挖掘信息，探访总理的重庆行亮出了中央的哪些底牌。

香港凤凰卫视直接以题为《李克强重庆之行亮出中央哪些底牌》进行报道。说李克强“希望借由黄金水道的建设落实西部大开发”。李克强总理的重庆考察实际上是揭开了中央的底牌。这届政府推进的2.0版西部大开发，是超越了我们的国境线之外的地方去了，比方说新的丝绸之路经济带，这与以前的1.0版西部大开发有所不同，格局更开阔了。

堪比京津冀协同发展

近期，习近平总书记、李克强总理在不同场合都强调打造长江经济带的重要意义，用黄金水道串起长江经济带这条“珍珠链”，相关规划有望进入具体落实阶段。分析人士称，长江经济带的投资机遇堪比京津冀协同发展，近期有望获得爆发式增长。投资布局上，一方面可以参照京津冀一体化的思路，另一方面又要重视黄金水道的独特之处，港口、基建和环保水务是三条投资主线。

区域经济协同发展中，基础设施建设一直是不容忽视的重点，这从京津冀协同发展的热点机会中便可见一斑。其中，要发挥中西部沿江省市水运优势，需要公路、物流等基础配套设施建设完成；同时，城市群联动带来的人口流转将呼应城镇化建设，刺激地区房地产发展。

三条高铁有望成形

解决三峡大坝的航运通畅是个日益紧迫的问题。据有关部门预测，仅仅2015年重庆将产生1.8亿吨水运货物量，但是目前三峡大坝的最大年货运量也只有1.5亿吨。为解决日趋严峻的长江航运通道问题，国家目前编制的长江经济带相关规划，将从公路、水路、铁路等多个方面重新规划，建成贯通东西2000多公里的新的交通大通道。

同时，整个长江经济带有望建成三条东西贯通的高铁，而新的货运铁路也在酝酿，成为三峡大坝的新通道。

以沿江重要港口为节点和枢纽，统筹推进水运、铁路、公路、航空、油气管网集疏运体系建设，打造网络化、标准化、智能化的综合立体交通走廊，使长江这一大动脉更有力地辐射和带动广阔腹地发展。

为适应长江综合交通走廊的需要，整个长江经济带有望建成三条东西贯通的高铁。目前从上海到重庆有贯通的客运专线铁路，不过其中恩施利川到宜昌段达不到高铁的要求，实际时速只有120公里。这部分存在改造提升的需要。另外一条是上海到昆明的高铁，今年年底将通车。第三条尚在研究之中。

调研建三峡第二船闸

投建三峡大坝第二船闸，可能已成为打破长江航运瓶颈的首要工程。重庆市一位从事了30年长江航运的资深人士称，现在三峡大坝的拥堵已经是常态化了，目前长江上的船只，要想过三峡大坝，等一、两天是正常现象。如果遇到雾、风，过三峡大坝的船只就会继续堆积，通常就会在坝前等候3至5天。如果遇上船闸检修，就可能等上7至10天甚至更长时间才能翻过三峡大坝。上述人士说，其所在企业的船舶去年过三峡大坝的平均等待时间，约达30多个小时。

2013年9月21日，李克强在国家发改委呈报件上批示：“沿海、沿江先行开发，再向内陆地区梯度推进，这是区域经济发展的重要规律。请有关方面抓紧落实，深入调研形成指导意见，依托长江这条横贯东西的黄金水道，带动中上游腹地发展，促进中西部地区有序承接沿海产业转移，打造中国经济新的支撑带。”

此后，国家发改委和交通运输部等相关部委、沿江省市开始研究打造长江黄金水道的政策措施。

“去年仅国家发改委几次前往调研有关修建三峡第二船闸的事宜，”在国内某大型内河航运企业担任重要职务的人士说，此后国家发改委把有关调研结果转给了国务院三峡工程建设委员会，由其提出具体的三峡第二船闸修建方案。目前国家已经开始研究新的大坝通道。

囊括中国一半国家级新区

连接东中西部的纽带，上升为国家战略的长江经济带将成为中国经济增长的新引擎。

不过，从经济增速上看，西部地区在领跑。去年贵州、重庆和云南的GDP增速均超过12%，位居全国前三。而湖北、湖南、安徽和江西增速超过10%；苏浙沪增速明显低于长江经济带其他省份。

经过梳理发现，长江经济带范围内由国务院批复的区域规划就有长三角、成渝经济区、鄱阳湖生态经济区、皖江城市带、江苏沿海地区等，还有浦东综合配套改革试验区、成都和重庆的统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区、武汉和长株潭的“两型”（全国资源节约型和环境友好型）社会建设综合配套改革试验区。

不仅如此，国家级新区大多布局在长江经济带范围内。比如上海浦东新区、重庆两江新区、浙江舟山新区和贵州贵安新区（凤凰财经注：中国目前有八个国家级新区，另四个分别是天津滨海新区、甘肃兰州新区、陕西西咸新区、广东南沙新区）。另外，国务院专门针对重庆、云南和贵州出台过支持文件，赋予重要的战略定位，比如云南的桥头堡战略。

现在，长江经济带所要发挥的就是“串联效应”。在国家城镇化战略布局的“两横三纵”格局中，沿长江的一横相比其他轴线更具有天然的优势——长江黄金水道的存在，而在此基础上形成的经济联系更加密切。

● 资料来源：凤凰卫视、第一财经日报、21世纪经济报道、中证网

Media home and abroad keep a close eye on Premier Li Keqiang’s trip to Chongqing Final Offers of Central Government

On April 28, Li Keqiang, standing member of CPC Central Poliburo and Premier of State Council visited Chongqing for inspections and surveys. He mentioned to utilize Yangtze golden watercourse to promote construction of Yangtze River economic belt, drive economic growth in a region covering 600 million people and push forward West Development.

Li’s trip to Chongqing triggered close scrutiny of media home and abroad. They invariably try hard to dig information about central policies given to Chongqing.

Hong Kong Phoenix TV covered the event named Final Central Offers Come Along with Li Keqiang’s Visit to Chongqing and says that Li “hopes to underpin West Development with the golden watercourse.” The trip, in fact, has revealed the final offer from Central Government. The 2.0 version of West Development pushed forward by this administration has surpassed our country borders, such as the new Silk Road economic belt, which is diversely different from the previous 1.0 version with its wider prospect.

Comparable to Synergic Development of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanxi

Recently, President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang both emphasized the significance of building the Yangtze River economic belt on different occasions. Tying the “pearls”together on Yangtze River with the golden watercourse will put relevant plans into practice. Analysts said that the investment opportunities along the Yangtze River economic belt are comparable to synergic development in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanxi and might gain explosive growth. In terms of investment configuration, on one hand it can refer to integrated path of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanxi and on the other hand, give prominence to distinctive features of the golden watercourse, esp. three investment lines of ports, infrastructure as well as environment and water affairs.

In the synergic development course of regional economy, infrastructure is a highlight which can never be overlooked. Its importance is shown by heated opportunities in the synergic development of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanxi. In order to leverage water transportation advantages of middle and western riverside provinces, the infrastructure construction of road and logistics must be completed. Meanwhile, the population fl ow brought by city clusters will correspond to urbanization drive and stimulate real estate development.

Three High-speed Railways might Take Shape

Realizing shipping smoothness in Three Gorges Dam is an increasingly pressing issue. It is forecasted by relevant departments that in 2015 alone, Chongqing will generate 180 million tons of water freight volume, yet now the maximum annual throughput of the Three Gorges is only 150 million tons. To address the aggravating shipping problems on Yangtze River, the country is drafting relevant plans of Yangtze River economic belt from road, water and railway aspects in order to build a new transportation channel spanning 2000 kilometers from east to west.

Meanwhile, the overall Yangtze economic belt strives to build three high-speed railways from east to west, and the new freight railway is in the pipeline and will become a new channel to the Three Gorges Dam.

Taking key riverside ports as nodes and hubs, the city will ramp up construction of waterway, railway, road, air, oil and gas pipeline as well as collecting and dispatching systems, forge a comprehensive three-dimensional transportation corridor in a connected, standardized and smart fashion and enable the artery of Yangtze River of radiating and driving the vast hinterland development even more forcefully.

To adapt to the needs of Yangtze comprehensive transportation corridor, the overall Yangtze River economic belt tends to build three east-to-west high-speed railways. Nowthere is a specifi c railway from Shanghai to Chongqing, but its Enshi Lichuan to Yichang Section failed to meet the high-speed requirement with its mere speed of 120 kilometers per hour. This section therefore needs to be improved. Another one is the highspeed railway from Shanghai to Kunming which will be put through at the end of this year. The third is still being studied.

Survey the Possibilities to Build the 2nd Navigation Lock on Three Gorges Dam

Building the second navigation lock on Three Gorges Dam might have become a priority of breaking bottlenecks on Yangtze River. A senior practitioner in Chongqing with 30 years’ of experience in Yangtze River shipping said that now the congestion in the dam is quite normal. Now ships in Yangtze River must wait for one or two days to pass the dam. In case of fog or wind, the ships will accumulate and wait for three to fi ve days. If there is any navigation lock overhaul, it might take seven to ten days to get through. The average waiting time of ships of his enterprises last year amounted to over 30 hours.

On September 21, 2013, Premier Li commented on a submitted report of NDRC, “it is an important rule of regional economic development to prioritize riverside and coastal areas and then gradually move to inland areas. Relevant parties shall expedite this drive, formulate guidelines by in-depth surveys and rely on the golden watercourse of Yangtze River to activate middle and upper reaches of the hinterland, promote Middle and West China to orderly undertake coastal industrial transfer and build a new economic bolstering belt in China.”

After that, NDRC, Ministry of Transport and riverside provinces and cities began to study policies and measures to build the golden watercourse of Yangtze River.

“Last year, National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) alone came for several times to perform surveys on building the 2nd navigation lock on Three Gorges Dam”, said a person who serves a crucial position in a large river shipping company. After that, NDRC transferred the survey results to State Council Three Gorges Engineering Construction Commission, which is in charge of specific plans to build the second navigation lock on the dam. Now the country has begun to study the new dam channel.

Spanning half of National-level New Areas in China

Connecting east, middle and west parts of China, the Yangtze River economic belt rises to a national strategy and becomes a new engine of the country’s economic growth.

Judging from economic growth speed, however, the West is leading the rest part of the country. Last year, the GDP growth rate of Guizhou, Chongqing and Yunnan all exceeded 12%, ranking top three in the nation. The GDP growth rates of Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and Jiangxi surpassed 10%, while those of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai were much lower than other provinces along the Yangtze River economic belt.

It is found that among approved zones by State Council, Yangtze River Delta, Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone, Boyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Wanjiang River city belt and coastal Jiangsu areas are all located in the scope of Yangtze River economic belt, so are Pudong Comprehensive Reform Pilot Zone, Chengdu and Chongqing Coordinated Urban and Rural Comprehensive Reform Pilot Zones as well as Wuhan and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan’s national-level resourcesaving and environment-friendly comprehensive reform pilot zones of social construction.

National-level new areas are, moreover, mostly situated inside of the Yangtze River economic belt, such as Shanghai Pudong New Area, Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Zhejiang Zhoushan New Area and Guizhou Gui’an New Area (Ifeng Finance: there are eight national-level new areas in China, the other four are Tianjin Binhai New Area, Gansu Lanzhou New Area, Shaanxi Xixian New Area and Guangdong Nansha New Area). In addition, the State Council issued supporting documents exclusively to Chongqing, Yunan and Guizhou to endow them with crucial strategic positioning, e.g. the Bridgehead Strategy to Yunan.

Now, the Yangtze River economic belt needs to play out the “cascading effect.” In the strategic national “two horizontal and three vertical” urbanization layout, the Yangtze riverside belt is more advantageous than other axes: economic ties are tighter in areas connected by the golden watercourse of Yangtze River.

● (Source: Phoenix TV, First Financial Daily, 21st Century Business Herald and China Securities Journal)