2013年中国十大流行语

文/From+thechinastory.org+译/赵青奇

1. China Dream 中国梦

Xinhua lists Xi Jinping's signature phrase as the most popular word of 2013. The description names the "great rejuvenation1） of the Chinese people" as a key component of the China Dream.

新华网将习近平主席提出的这个特色词语列为2013年最流行的词语，并在对该词的描述中指出，“中国梦”的核心内容是“实现中华民族的伟大复兴”。

2. Empty plate 光盘

A play on words2）， this catch phrase3） uses the same characters as used for optical disk （e.g. CD or DVD） but in 2013 it was a central feature of Xi's austerity4） and anti-corruption campaign. "Empty plate" is a call to the people， especially government officials， to finish all the food on their plates and not waste food， as is common at formal banquets.

这一口号玩了个文字游戏。“光盘”本意为“激光唱盘”（比如CD或DVD），但在2013年却成为习近平主席发起的节约和反腐运动的一个代名词。“光盘”行动呼吁人们，尤其是政府官员，吃光盘子里的所有食物，不要浪费粮食，因为如今举办的正式宴会普遍存在浪费粮食的现象。

3. Uncouth5） nouveau riche6） 土豪

Originally meaning "local strongman"， this word became an Internet meme7） and quickly made it into the mainstream media and daily conversation in China in 2013. It refers to uncouth， ostentatious8）， and aggressive nouveau riche and bling bling9） that is to their taste.

这个词原指“地方恶霸”，在2013年成为网络流行语，并迅速涌入中国的主流媒体和人们的日常会话中，用来形容那些粗鲁、自负、爱炫富的暴发户以及他们对奢华的热衷。

4. He-girl 女汉子

China Radio International's list translates this as "female man" and gives the following definition： the term refers to a boyish girl or a woman with masculine characteristics. In August 2013， photos of a Russian model went viral10）. The woman had a very pretty face and an extremely muscular physique. Since then， the term has been used broadly in China to describe women with masculine features. Some feminist groups have argued that this phrase discriminates against women， since it is basically saying that good characteristics such as independence， strength， and aggressiveness are masculine， and that women with these characteristics are not "feminine".

中国国际广播电台网的榜单将“女汉子”翻译为“female man”，并给出如下解释：该词指“假小子”或“纯爷们姑娘”。2013年8月，一位俄罗斯模特的照片在网上蹿红。这位美女脸蛋非常漂亮，肌肉异常发达。此后，“女汉子”一词在中国就被广泛用来形容男性化的女性。一些女权主义团体认为，该词是对女性的歧视，因为这基本等于是在宣称，诸如独立、坚强和进取这类优秀品质只属于男性，而拥有这些品质的女性就没有“女人味”。

5. Big V 大V

The Xinhua article defines Big Vs as people who are very active on Weibo and have millions of fans， and then goes on to talk about the rumors that such people have circulated， and the arrest of Xue Manzi and his televised confessions and apologies for his irresponsible behavior on Weibo， and other elements of the crackdown11） on Big Vs of 2013.endprint

新华网的文章定义“大V”为拥有百万粉丝且特别活跃的新浪微博用户，然后接着谈到这些大V们散布的谣言，谈到薛蛮子被捕及其在电视上公开忏悔并为自己在微博上不负责任的行为道歉，还谈到2013年对大V们惩治打压的其他举措。

6. Big mama 大妈

China Radio International defines this phrase thusly： the Chinese term "dama" is literally "big mama"， referring to those "bargain hunting" middle-aged Chinese women who keep a tight grip on the family purse and an eagle eye on the gold prices in jewelry shops.

中国国际广播电台网对该词的定义如下：汉语中的“大妈”一词从字面意思来讲相当于英语中的“big mama”，是指那些“爱淘便宜货”的中国中年妇女，她们牢掌家庭财政大权，密切关注珠宝店的黄金价格。

7. My little friends and I are shocked

我伙呆

From China Radio International： this Chinese term is short for a sentence literally meaning "My little friends and I are shocked". Its actual roots lie in an article written by a pupil. The student said his little friends and he were shocked after finding out where Chinese rice dumplings originated. Since then， the sentence has been extensively used to describe people's shock after discovering a new or hot fact.

以下是来自中国国际广播电台网的解释：汉语“我伙呆”一词是一个句子的简写，字面意思是“我和我的小伙伴们都惊呆了”。该词实际上语出一名小学生的作文。这名小学生写道，得知粽子的由来后，他和他的小伙伴们都惊呆了。此后，这句话被广泛用于形容人们发现新奇事物或热门事件后的惊讶之情。

8. Haze 雾霾

Xinhua notes that 2013 has seen the worst air pollution on record in many places across China and quotes environmental specialists as saying that the current time is a peak smog time for China because of economic development， but notes that solutions are being sought.

新华网指出，2013年，中国许多地方出现了有记载以来前所未有的严重大气污染。该网站引述环保专家的话说，由于经济发展，中国当前进入雾霾的高发期，但同时也指出解决方案正在研究之中。

1. rejuvenation [r??d?u?v??ne??n] n. 恢复活力

2. play on words： 用双关语

3. catch phrase： 时行的话；口号

4. austerity [??ster?ti] n. 严格的节制消费，（国家开支上的）紧缩，缩减

5. uncouth [?n?ku?θ] adj. 无教养的；不雅的

6. nouveau riche

[?nu?v?? ?ri??] n. <法>暴发户

7. meme [mi?m] n. 文化基因

8. ostentatious [??sten?te???s] adj. （人）炫耀的，卖弄的

9. bling bling： 奢华高档的首饰或服装等

10. go viral： （指通过电子邮件或社交网站）广泛传播

11. crackdown [?kr?kda?n] n. 制裁；镇压

12. underdog [??nd?d?ɡ] n. （在竞争或斗争中）失败的人（或一方）；处于劣势的人（或一方）endprint