文/本刊记者 唐 纲 胡先福
五洲学汉语 世界看中华
——第三届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛在重庆成功举办
文/本刊记者 唐 纲 胡先福
全国人大原副委员长许嘉璐宣布“汉语桥”中文比赛闭幕
金秋10月,重庆。“汉语桥”刮起一股汉语“世界风”。
第三届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛10月16日—30日在这里隆重举行。来自35个国家的40个代表队的120名中学生及40名领队教师,搞比赛、学汉语、进校园、住家庭、逛超市、学唐诗、赏美景、植绿树、办论坛……一一领略中华文化,感受重庆魅力。
全国人大常委会原副委员长许嘉璐在闭幕式上观看了这些洋学生们在重庆“现炒现卖”的精彩节目后,激动不已。他称赞“这些来自世界各国的中学生们,在重庆的10多天时间里,不仅学到了很多中国才艺,还提高了自己的汉语水平,在这背后,是他们对中国、对重庆浓浓的情谊,令人感动”。
“汉语,作为世界上最古老的语言之一,铭刻着中华民族的灿烂文明。”国家汉办主任许琳在开幕式上说:“今天,随着中国与世界的交融,汉语所代表的优秀中国文化,历经五千年积淀,正焕发出更加璀璨的光彩。”
由国家汉办和重庆市政府主办,重庆市教委和重庆广电集团承办的本届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛正成为开放的大重庆走向世界的新舞台。市委常委、宣传部部长何事忠说,今天的重庆,蓬勃活力不断焕发,正在走向世界的舞台,“汉语桥”在重庆举办搭建起了世界各国宽阔、坚固的语言之桥、感情之桥、友谊之桥、和平之桥。
国家汉办主任、孔子学院总部总干事许琳在开幕式上致辞
面对这样一次难得的国际盛会,重庆如何做才能更好地传播中华文化,提升重庆的国际形象呢?
答案是:举全市之力办好“汉语桥”。
自“汉语桥”比赛落户重庆,重庆市领导高度重视。中共中央政治局委员、重庆市委书记薄熙来,市长黄奇帆等提出了要求。
作为主管教育的副市长,谢小军亲临一线全面指挥。今年3月,他亲自率团专程拜访了国家汉办、孔子学院总部,并表示:“重庆市委、市政府高度重视重庆的对外开放,‘汉语桥’世界中学生中文比赛在重庆举办,可以进一步提升重庆的国际知名度,扩大重庆的国际影响力,我市将举全市之力办好第三届‘汉语桥’,为汉语国际教育多作贡献。”
本届国际赛事呈现“一长三多”的特点:赛事历时长(15天),参赛国多,观摩团多,赛事活动多,这对重庆的组织工作都提出了非常高的要求。为此,重庆市教委和重庆广电集团(总台)在市委市政府的统一领导下,在有关部门的全力配合下,全面调动相关资源,积极为“汉语桥”的顺利开展铺路搭桥,将这项国际赛事办好办实。活动组织了4所大学和12所中学直接参与赛事工作。除“五洲风采”、“同台竞技”、“学在重庆”和“快乐购物”四场比赛外,还开展了“住在大学,体验校园文化”、“拜师学艺,交融多元文化”、“快乐购物,考验生活本领”、“住家体验,走进中国生活”等多项零距离的体验活动,并创新地组织驻华使节、海外校长、师生来华观摩比赛,首次在“汉语桥”比赛过程中举办了中外校长论坛、重庆市情介绍会等多项国际合作与交流活动。
为了更广泛宣传本次国际大赛,大赛组委会全方位运用媒体的影响力,充分调动社会力量参与这项国际赛事,《重庆日报》专门开展了第三届“汉语桥”中文比赛重庆有“礼”征集活动,面向全市征集三件“大礼”:一首好歌、十个故事、百句谚语格言,并作为文化礼物赠送给参赛的外国选手。活动共收到好歌1650首,好故事2860个,名言警句6435条,各类作品千余件,参与的市民达到了66723人。一件件充满智慧和爱心的礼物,寄予着重庆人对海外朋友的热情、对家乡和本土文化的热爱。对此,许嘉璐副委员长极为赞赏。
重庆市委常委、宣传部长何事忠在开幕式上致辞
参赛选手精彩演出
本届“汉语桥”最大的特点是比赛融趣味性、体验性、互动性于一体,选手们充分体验到了在趣味中学习汉语,在体验中提高汉语的乐趣。
拜师学艺是本次“汉语桥”比赛的重要环节。这个环节打破了原来以国籍为代表的队伍组合,120名参赛选手重新抽签,以中国传统的12生肖为代表组成了牛队、鼠队……等12支队伍,分别走进重庆一中、重庆南开中学、重庆八中等12所中学,拜师学艺,在老师的指点下学习中国文化。
各校给这些洋学生安排了丰富的学习内容,诵古诗、唱京剧、演红岩、练太极、学书法、跳民族舞蹈……让这些只在国外学过汉语的洋中学生既新奇又快乐,还兴趣盎然。
在重庆市南开中学,分别来自德国、美国、俄罗斯、爱尔兰、奥地利、吉尔吉斯斯坦、新加坡、新西兰和老挝9个国家的10位外国学生被编为“牛队”,选手们在南开中学老师的指导下,排练起一台热闹的音乐剧。音乐剧中,选手们不仅要大秀舞技,更要把唐诗唱进Rap里(黑人俚语,相当于“谈话”)。
“碧玉妆成一树高,万条垂下绿丝绦。不知细叶谁裁出,二月春风似剪刀。”唐代诗人贺知章的诗作《咏柳》可谓妇孺皆知,但如果把这首诗编进Rap唱词里,又会有怎样的新意?在南开中学艺术馆的舞蹈排练室里,牛队的10名选手就随着音乐节奏,唱起了Rap版《咏柳》。
在巴蜀中学、巴县中学、育才中学等学校都进行了这种拜师学艺活动。
一曲曲优美抒情的重庆民歌,一首首用说唱形式来朗诵的唐诗和独具重庆特色的梆鼓舞……,在这些以12生肖为队名组成的国际联队选手中,洋学生们通过学校老师的指点教导,刻苦学习,身临其境地了解到了中国民间的传统文化,这些国际选手还以汉语为平台,在“汉语桥”这个大家庭里快乐比赛、相互学习、彼此融合,实现了多元文化的交流。领队教师和学生们都认为这种新颖的学语形式独特而快乐,大受欢迎。
参赛选手展示在重庆所学才艺
重庆市副市长谢小军盛赞参赛选手
玛丽是120名前来参加本届“汉语桥”的 加拿大选手之一。10月23日,她与中国朋友,来自重庆鲁能巴蜀中学高一的学生顾欣怡度过了愉快的一天。欣怡一家陪她逛了繁华的北城天街,还登上了朝天门游艇,观赏了美丽的重庆夜景,参观了著名的三峡博物馆,观看了打年糕、魔术、中国画和著名的手工艺制作品制作流程。她还第一次弹起了琵琶。欣宜的父母还送给她一本非常珍贵的中国邮票。
“这里的一切简直太好玩了。”这位加拿大女孩激动地说。
本届“汉语桥”特别为参赛选手安排了“住家体验”环节,来自35个国家的120名参赛选手分别住进了重庆普通市民家中,切身体验中国普通百姓的饮食起居家庭文化。“我们在总结去年的基础上优化了本次的住家体验方案,使选手走进寻常百姓家,零距离感受、体验中国传统的家庭文化,使比赛的互动性与参与性更强。”重庆市教委 主任彭智勇称。
“汉语桥”——中外中学校长论坛一瞥(右一为重庆八中校长张勇,左一为川外附中校长张裕云)
120名选手住进了120个重庆家庭,他们就有120个不同的幸福感受。我们来听听他们的感言吧:
越南选手范玉璧:对我来说,“住家体验”是在重庆很难忘的一个记忆。我的中国父母、妹妹还带我去磁器口,去溜真冰,去吃重庆特产和小吃。虽然时间短,但我已经知道了“重庆——山美水美人更美”的真正含义。
美国选手倪睿昕:排练完后,我感到很疲惫,可听到中国爸爸妈妈要来接我的时候,我高兴地蹦了起来。我第一次吃到了甜甜的汤圆,吃了羊肉串。逛了好久后我们回家睡觉了,睡得饱饱的(香香的),感觉好幸福,在这个三口之家感觉更幸福,想到中国爸爸知道我喜欢喝矿泉水后冲下楼的背影,如今仍倍感温馨。
“住家体验”带给选手们的回忆太多太多,正如缅甸选手郭家富说的那样:到了重庆哇!真的是桥多!很美丽!今天的中国不再只是少林功夫,也不只是文言古文,更不只是长城、故宫,它已经向世界呈现了一个现代化的中国,也向世界证明了这种文化的开放性和包容性。
与往届比赛不同的是,今年“汉语桥”比赛特别增加了“快乐购物”这一重要环节,选手们一一走出演播室、走出传统比赛场,去到真实的大千世界,体验自己的生活本领,大大增加了比赛的趣味性和互动性。
10月26日中午,120位选手按原始团队到重百超市进行购物比赛。超市里面琳琅满目的各式商品让选手们有点找不着北。在寻找纸巾、酸奶等商品的过程中还算顺利。干桂圆、板栗、核桃三种干货放在同一个货架上,都是土褐色,外形大小也相似,一出手一个同学就错把干桂圆当成了板栗,当另外两个同学对照悬挂在上面的食品价格表时才发现错了。
“‘酷爽’立白三支装是什么东西?”日本队的三位选手用了12分41秒最先完成任务走出超市,但他们放弃了这道题。在超市工作人员的耐心解释下,他们才明白原来这是一种牙膏。
参赛选手在重庆市民家 中学包饺子 其乐融融
参赛选手表演配合默契
在重庆知名景点洪崖洞,9名在“超市闯关”成绩最好的选手进行了一场另类比赛,它们走进洪崖洞的商铺向老板请教打糍粑、做木槌酥等民间手艺,并用汉语兜售自己亲手制作的商品。他们要完成3项任务:一是用汉语向游客卖出6件“汉语桥”文化衫;二是跟着店老板学习糍粑、木槌酥、酸辣粉的制作,并向游客兜售自己制作的食品;三是用筹得的钱到指定位置购买一幅中国国画。
用汉语兜售文化衫对外国选手们来说难度不大,一会儿工夫它们就顺利地卖完了6件文化衫。学做重庆的民间小吃却是一件充满挑战的环节。丹麦队的三位男中学生虽然力气够大,但对软棉棉的糍粑却一点办法也没有,最后还是在于师傅手把手指导下,花了10多分钟才勉强“出炉”了一个糍粑。
丹麦选手告诉记者,这场比赛难度比前几场都要高,但感觉更有意义,“在学习民间手艺的过程中,我们不仅认识了糍粑的汉字怎么说,是什么意思,而且还了解到它的丰富文化。”
到底考试多好,还是考试少好?在外国校长眼中,中国的“应试教育”利弊何在呢?10月25日上午,在重庆南开中学,近20名外国中学校长与重庆市36所中学的50余名校长和教育官员对此进行了理性研讨。
这些外国中学校长分别来自美国、荷兰、越南等10多个国家的著名中学,他们是应本届“汉语桥”组委会特邀,赴渝观摩“汉语桥”比赛的。在渝期间,外国校长们还深入重庆市多所中小学,进行一对一的访问交流活动。
针对“考试问题”,美洲校长代表、美国曼哈顿BHSEC中学的校长RayPeterson表示,标准化的考试在美国也非常有争议,支持者说考试能评估学生的学习收获,而反对者说,考试会让教育最本真的意义丧失,让学生们跟着考试走。他坦承,有时候学生们的确会为了应付标准化考试,花费大量时间来做一些意义不大的事。
“我们那里的校长和很多学生也为考试头疼,我们也不希望因为准备考试而占据孩子们过多的时间,这些时间应该拿去学更多有用的东西。”加拿大温哥华Chorohill中学校长安德鲁表示。
对此,中方校长代表、四川外语学院附属外国语学校校长张裕云说,现在很多学校教外语就只停留在应付考试的阶段,“其实一张试卷不能全面衡量学生的外语水平,只有坚持综合评价,才能让考试不失公允”。
“在应试环境下,我们能做什么?”重庆八中校长张勇说,这是他一直在思索的问题,他认为,现阶段的考试制度肯定必不可缺,但也会产生负面影响。“我们的口号是推行素质教育,不放应试考试”。张勇建议,不应该把应试压力提前加在非毕业阶段的学生身上,他们应该多享受学习的快乐,没有必要在起始年级排名次。
但大家都认为,由于大学是以分数招人,对于考试这样的分数游戏,暂时不能废除。美国汉密尔中学校长泰勒说,从目前来看,考试是无可避免的,那么就要尽量减少考试带来的弊端。
10月22日,来自31个国家的136名中学生还齐聚重庆师范大学,参加第三届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛观摩营。在10天时间里,他们兴致勃勃地参观了大足石刻,前往金刀峡、重庆动物园和磁器口等地,感受重庆人文和自然风貌,而学习太极拳和剪纸也是营员们的重要活动内容。观摩团还和各国参赛选手在重庆师范大学大学城校区共同植下“友谊树”。
重庆市教委主任彭智勇主持开幕式
同时,“汉语桥-加拿大中小学校长访华之旅”10月23日在重庆举行了签约仪式,26位加拿大阿尔伯塔省和BC省教育部官员和中小学校长分别在渝北区、渝中区、九龙坡区等7个区参观访问,并签订了合作协议。
以“快乐汉语、健康成长”为主题的第三届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛胜利闭幕了。“汉语桥”正成为一座中国连通世界的桥梁,也成为重庆走向世界的重要舞台。
对此,国家汉办主任许琳深有感触。她说:“早在2000多前的汉代,张骞出使西域,把中国的汉字文化与丝绸、瓷器一起带到遥远的西亚,直至欧洲,从此开启了延续千年的丝绸之路;600多年前,明代的郑和率领船队七下西洋,开辟了中国文化从海上走向世界的新纪元。今天,来自世界各地不同肤色、不同语言的一群快乐、年青的中学生朋友,怀着对中国和中华文化的好奇和热爱,说着与母语截然不同的汉语不远万里齐聚重庆,相会在美丽的‘汉语桥’,既有缘也有趣。”
重庆市教委主任彭智勇对“汉语桥”搭建起重庆走向世界的大舞台体会颇深。他说:“各国中学生朋友零距离感触重庆的大街小巷、人文景观和风土人情,用心体验这座城市的麻辣、火热、生机和韵致,将真诚地把中华文化和巴渝风情带到世界的五大洲。”
在2009年成功举办第二届“汉语桥”世界中学生中文比赛的基础上,今年又圆满完成了第三届“汉语桥”比赛,“汉语桥”正成为重庆的一张国际品牌。眼下,重庆市教委正围绕市委、市政府确定的改革发展目标,强化开放意识,把汉语国际推广作为教育国际交流与合作的突破口,扎实推进。 (图片由魏魏、章帝等提供)
哥斯达黎加大使马科尔(Ma rco V ·Ruiz)在开幕式上致辞
The 3rd “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Com petition for Foreign Secondary School Students was held in Chongqing on October 16th ——30th. 120 students who are from 35 countries as well as 40 team s and 40 teachers came here for the com petition, learning Chinese, walking into the schoolyard, living w ith Chinese fam ily, going to the supermarket, and learning tang poetry and enjoying the beautiful scenery, appreciate Chinese culture and feel the charm ing Chongqing.
The Vice Chairman of NPC Standing Comm ittee Xu Jialu was excited after watching these foreign students' performance. He highly praised that “during the 10 days in Chongqing, the m iddle school studen ts from all over the wo rld no t on ly learned a lo t o f accom plishments of China, but also im proved their standard of Chinese, behind this it shows their emotions to China, Chongqing, which is really sensational”.
As the world's oldest language, Chinese is etched with the brilliant civilization of China. The director of National Hanban Xulin saying at the opening ceremony, “nowadays, w ith the combination of China and the world, Chinese which represents the outstanding Chinese culture is coruscating the brighter flame after 5,000 years' cultural accumulation.
The “Chinese Bridge” Competition is becom ing a new stage for Chongqing opening to the world. The member of the Standing Comm ittee, m inister of Propaganda Department of Chongqing He Shizhong said, “Chinese bridge” to be held in Chongqing has built up a worldw ide and strong language bridge, bridge of friendship and bridge of peace.
Participation o f the Entire City for the Competition
This January, National Hanban formally agreed Chongqing con tinues to undertake the th ird “Chinese b ridge”competition, leaders of Chongqing government at all levels attached great im portance to this event. The comm issary of Chinese comm unist party po litics bureau, Secretary o f Chongqing municipal comm ittee Bo Xilai, Mayor Huang Q ifan both gave directions, “trying to make innovations, and do the best”.
This international event is w ith one long three more characteristics, which is: event occurred long(15 days), more participating countries, more communicating languages, and more activities. This event organized four universities and 12 secondary schools participate directly in the reception and the activities. They developed a number of zero distance experience activities and innovational o rganized inside o f fo reign ambassadors, overseas students and principals come to China to observe the com petition. And also held the first time Chinese and foreign principals forum, and presentation of condition in Chongqing for international cooperation and exchanges. The o rganizing comm ittee com p rehensively used the media influence to w idely propagandize this international competition and fully mobilized all social forces to participate in the international events.
各国选手挥铲填土植“友谊林”
参赛选手购物比拼 乐在赛中
Com petition o f Interestedness, Experience, Interaction
Apprenticing to experts and learning a skill is the important part of “Chinese Bridge”. 120 contestants walked into 12 Chongqing m iddle schools separately to learn skills and study Chinese culture. Singing lyrical Chongqing folk songs, reciting Tang poetry w ith rap form and distinctive feature of Bang Gu dance. The foreign students studied really hard w ith teacher's instructions and teaching and learned the Chinese traditional culture personally. These international p layers use Chinese as a platform and happily enjoyed the com petition, learning from each other, exchange cultures. The teachers and students all think this was a unique and creative way learning and speaking Chinese and is very popular.
Mary from Canada is one of the 120 p layers, on October 23th, she spent a pleasant day w ith her Chinese friend, a student who is from Chongqing Nuneng high school Gu Xinyi.Gu's fam ily took her to Paradise Walk in Jiangbei, boarded Chaotianmen yacht and viewed a beautiful night scene of Chongqing, the famous Three Gorges Museum, watched then making rice cake, magic show and the unique Chinese handiwork. She played the lute for her first time, Go's parents also gave her a precious Chinese stam ps. “Everything here is so fun”, Mary said excitedly.
This “Chinese bridge” especially set “living w ith Chinese fam ily” activity for the p layers. 120 contestants from 35 countries live w ith Chongqing local citizens, experience the common life of Chinese peop le and their fam ily culture. Let's listen to their reflections:
Henry from Australia: I stayed w ith a high school student, I like the rice in Chongqing, and hotpot, and it's really delicious.
Phm Ngocbich from Vietnam: It was a memorable experience to me. My Chinese parents and sister showed me Ciqikou and went skating; we ate Chongqing specialty and snacks. Although it's a short time, I understand the true meaning of “People are even more beautiful than the mountains and rivers.”
Ei Shwezin from Myanmar: I felt really tired after the trainning.but I became so excited as soon as I heard my Chinese parents were picking me up. I tried rice ball and lamb kebabs for the first time. I slept so well when I came home. My Chinese dad went downstairs to buy me drink, I felt so moved.
What's different, this time they also added “happy shopping” part to this com petition. 9 of the best p layers who did well in the “happy shopping” part joined another kind of race.They went to Hongyadong to learn how to make mallet crisp and glutinous rice cake, also sell goods that are made by them selves in Chinese.
Con troversy abou t the Advan tages and D isadvantages of Exam ination
In the morning of October 25th, nearly 20 foreign high school principals and 50 principals from 36 schools of Chongqing and education officials had rational research discussion about exam ination in Nankai School.
The principal representative from America, Principal Ray Peterson from BHSEC School, Manhattan, and U.S said, the standardized test in United States is also very controversial. Sometimes the students spend a lot of time doing things of no remarkable significance just in order to cope w ith the standardized test.
The Chinese principal representative, Principal Zhang Yuyun from Supplementary Foreign Language School of Sichuan International Studies University said that there are many schools that only teach foreign languages for tackling the exam. In fact, a sheet of paper could not comp letely measure students' language level; it is only fair by com prehensive review.
Meanwhile, the “China-Canada primary and secondary schools principals trip to China” held a signing ceremony in Chongqing on October 23.26 education officials and primary and secondary school principals from A lberta and BC ,Canada visited Yubei, Yuzhong, Jiulongpo etg,.7 districts and signed cooperation agreement.
参赛师生体验中国书法
依依惜别
Chinese Bridge——Stepping on the Stage of the World
W ith the theme of “Happy Chinese, Healthy G row th”, the 3rd “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for Foreign Secondary School Students closed victoriously.“Chinese Bridge” is becom ing Bridge that connects China and the World, and an important stage for Chongqing being open to the world.
The d irecto r o f Chongqing Municipal Education Comm ission Peng Zhiyong had deep feelings about “Chinese Bridge” being built up. “Students of School walked all the streets of Chongqing and appreciated humanism landscapes, local conditions and customs, experience the city's spice, hot, vigor and vitality. They w ill also sincerely bring the Chinese culture and customs back to the five continents of the world”.
“Chinese Bridge” is becom ing a global brand of Chongqing. Righ t now Chongqing Municipal Education Comm ission is surrounding the development goal of reform ing and opening, strengthening the senses of open, use the international popularization of Chinese as a breakthrough of international education exchanges and cooperation to carry out the reform.
Learning Chinese Throughout the Five Continents Show ing China to the World
W ritten by Tanggang & Hu Xianfu Translated by Aggie & Gary Hynson