中国艾蛛属2新种(蜘蛛目:园蛛科)

张晓晓,张锋,朱明生

(河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定 071002)

中国艾蛛属2新种(蜘蛛目:园蛛科)

张晓晓,张锋,朱明生

(河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定 071002)

记述采自宁夏六盘山自然保护区的艾蛛属2新种,命名为卧羊川艾蛛Cyclosawoyangchuansp.nov.和双钩艾蛛Cyclosabihamatasp.nov..

蜘蛛目;园蛛科;艾蛛属;新种;宁夏;中国

园蛛科蜘蛛物种多样性丰富,是蜘蛛目的第3大科,全世界已记述170属2 999种[1],中国已知43属339种[2-3].艾蛛属Cyclosa由Menge于1866年建立[4],世界性分布,全球共记录173种,中国已记录37种[5-6].

笔者在鉴定宁夏六盘山自然保护区标本中,发现园蛛科艾蛛属Cyclosa2新种,分别定名为:卧羊川艾蛛Cyclosawoyangchuansp.nov.和双钩艾蛛Cyclosabihamatasp.nov..现将新种的特征加以描述和图示.

文中所有测量单位为mm.标本保存在河北大学博物馆.

卧羊川艾蛛,新种Cyclosa w oyangchuan sp.nov.(图1)

正模♂,宁夏泾源县卧羊川林场(36°03′N,106°17′E),2008年7月7日,张超采;副模1♂,宁夏泾源县东山坡林场(37°06′N,106°96′E),2009年7月5日,胡东生采.

词源学:本种的种名以模式标本的产地而拟订.

鉴别特征:本新种近似于熊田艾蛛CyclosakumadaiTanikawa,1992[7-8],但中突末端弯曲不明显,而后者中突末端强烈弯曲;中突基叶大于后者;插入器远端尖细,而后者插入器远端较钝;引导器大,而后者引导器较小.

雄蛛体长2.97～3.07.正模体长2.97:头胸部长1.49,宽1.06;腹部长1.58,宽0.89.背甲梨形,黑褐色,颈沟和放射沟不明显,中窝横向.2眼列均后凹,前眼列稍宽于后眼列.前中眼间距大于前中侧眼间距(0.06∶0.05);后中侧眼间距大于后中眼间距(0.13∶0.04).前后侧眼相接,2后中眼密切靠拢.中眼域梯形,宽等于长(0.26∶0.26),前边大于后边(0.26∶0.18).前中眼>后中眼=前侧眼=后侧眼(0.10∶0.08∶0.08∶0.08).额高0.10,等于前中眼直径.螯肢黄褐色,前齿堤3齿,第2齿最大;后齿堤2齿.颚叶黄褐色,内侧缘浅黄色.下唇和胸板黑褐色.下唇宽大于长(0.25∶0.13),端部三角形.胸板长大于宽(0.68∶0.55).步足黄色,多刺,具褐色环纹;基节I腹面后侧缘具1角状小钩,步足测量:步足 Ⅰ4.79(1.48+0.51+1.22+1.07+0.51),Ⅱ4.08(1.27+0.51+0.92+0.87+0.51),Ⅲ2.76(0.97+0.31+0.56+0.51+0.41),Ⅳ4.19(1.43+0.41+0.97+0.92+0.46).足式:1423.腹部卵圆形.背面密布银白色鳞斑,前端黑色,中央具3对褐色肌痕,末端黑色,具1对黑色圆斑.腹部腹面黑褐色.纺器及其周围黑色.触肢器的顶突基部宽,末端变细,呈针状.插入器细长,呈刺状.中突远端不弯曲,具2个分叉;中突的基叶呈细指状.触肢的膝节具1根刚毛.

图1 卧羊川艾蛛Cyclosawoyangchuan sp.nov.

双钩艾蛛Cyc losa biham ata sp.nov.(图2)

图2 双钩艾蛛Cyclosa bihamata sp.nov.

正模♂,副模2♂♂,宁夏隆德县苏台林场(35°29′N,107°20′E),2008年7月2日,张超采.

词源学:本种的种名使用拉丁语bihamata,根据触肢器中突具2个钩状突起而拟订.

鉴别特征:本新种近似于山地艾蛛CyclosamonticolaBösenberg&Strand,1906,但中突长于后者;副中突宽而大,呈翼状;而后者较小,呈镰刀状;插入器弯曲不明显,而后者的插入器强烈弯曲.

雄蛛体长3.93～4.28.正模体长4.18:头胸部长2.09,宽1.53;腹部长2.14,宽1.43.背甲黑褐色,颈沟和放射沟明显,中窝深,纵向.2眼列均后凹,前眼列稍宽于后眼列.前中眼间距大于前中侧眼间距(0.12∶0.05);后中侧眼间距大于后中眼间距(0.16∶0.03).前后侧眼相接,2后中眼密切靠拢.中眼域梯形,宽等于长(0.34∶0.34),前边大于后边(0.34∶0.21).前中眼>后中眼=前侧眼=后侧眼(0.11∶0.08∶0.08∶0.08).额高0.16,大于前中眼直径.螯肢黄褐色,前齿堤3齿,后齿堤2齿.颚叶褐色,内侧缘浅黄色.下唇褐色,宽大于长(0.28∶0.23).胸板黑褐色,长大于宽(1.02∶0.82).步足黄色,具黑褐色或褐色环纹;基节Ⅰ腹面后侧缘具一角状小钩.步足测量:步足Ⅰ5.75(1.83+0.71+1.38+1.22+0.61),Ⅱ5.04(1.58+0.71+1.17+1.02+0.56),Ⅲ3.37(1.07+0.46+0.77+0.66+0.41),Ⅳ4.89(1.63+0.56+1.17+1.07+0.46).足式:1243.腹部卵圆形,末端具3个突起.背面黄褐色,前半部具2对白色斑,后半部具一黑色叶状斑.腹面黑褐色.纺器黑色,前方两侧具1圆形白斑.触肢器的顶突大,末端呈针状.插入器呈喙状.中突远端弯曲,具2个钩状的分叉.触肢的膝节具1根刚毛.

Cyclosa woyangchuan sp.nov.(Fig.1)

Material:Ho lotype♂,Woyangchuan Forest Farm,Jingyuan County(36°03′N,106°17′E),Ningxia Hui A utonomous Region,7 July 2008,collected by Zhangchao.Paratype:1♂,Dongshanpo Forest Farm,Jingyuan County(37°06′N,106°96′E),Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,5 July 2009,co llected by Hu Dong-sheng.

Etymology:The specific name is a noun in apposition,derived from the type locality.

Diagnosis:The new species is similar to Cyclosa kum adai Tanikawa,1992[7-8],but can be distinguished from the latter by:1)distal part of palpalmedian apophysis bent indistinctly,but in C.kum adai,it is strongly cruved;2)the basal lamella of palpalmedian apophysis is bigger than thatof C.kum adai;3)distal part of em bolus tip,rather than blunt in C.kum adai;(4)conductor is larger than that of C.kum adai.

Males:Total length 2.97—3.07.Ho lo type total length 2.97:cephalothorax 1.49 long,1.06 w ide;abdomen 1.58 long,0.89 w ide.Eye diameters:AM E 0.10,ALE 0.08,PM E 0.08,PLE 0.08;eye interdistances:AM E—AM E 0.06,AM E—ALE 0.05,PM E—PM E 0.04,PM E—PLE 0.13.MOA 0.26 long,f ront w idth 0.26,back w idth 0.18.Cheliceraew ith three p romarginal teeth(second the largest)and two retromarginal teeth.Leg measurements:Ⅰ4.79(1.48+1.73+1.07+0.51),Ⅱ4.08(1.27+1.43+0.87+0.51),Ⅲ2.76(0.97+0.87+0.51+0.41),Ⅳ4.19(1.43+1.38+0.92+0.46).Leg form ul:1423.

Cyclosa biham ata sp.nov.(Fig.2)

Material:Ho lotype♂,Sutai Forest Farm,Longde County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(35°29′N,107°20′E),2 July 2008,collected by Zhangchao.Paratypes:2♂♂,sam e data as holo type.

Etymology:The specific name is named fo r the two hooksof male palpalmedian apophysis.

D iagnosis:The new species is similar to Cyclosamonticola Bösenberg&Strand,1906,but can be distinguished from the latter by:1)palpalmedian apophysis is longer than that of C.monticola;2)paramedian apophysis w ide and large,w ing-shaped,but in C.m ontico la,it is small,sickle-shaped;3)em bolus bent indistinctly,w hile em bo lus is strongly cruved in C.m ontico la.

Males:Total length 3.93-4.28.Holotype total length 4.18:cephalothorax 2.09 long,1.53 w ide;abdomen 2.14 long,1.43 w ide.Eye diameters:AM E 0.11,ALE 0.08,PM E 0.08,PLE 0.08;eye interdistances:AM E—AM E 0.12 AM E—ALE 0.05,PM E—PM E 0.03,PM E—PLE 0.16.MOA 0.34 long,f ront w idth 0.34,back w idth 0.21.Cheliceraew ith three p romarginal teeth and two retromarginal teeth.Leg measurements:Ⅰ5.75(1.83+2.09+1.22+0.61),Ⅱ5.04(1.58+1.88+1.02+0.56),Ⅲ3.37(1.07+1.23+0.66+0.41),Ⅳ4.89(1.63+1.73+1.07+0.46).Leg form ula:1243.

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Two New Species of the Genus Cyclosa
(Araneae:Araneidae)from China

ZHANGXiao-xiao,ZHANG Feng,ZHU Ming-sheng
(Co llege of Life Sciences,Hebei U niversity,Baoding 071002,China)

Two new speciesof the genusCyclosabelonging to the family A raneidae from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,were described and illustrated under the name ofCyclosawoyangchuan sp.nov.andCyclosabihamata sp.nov.

A raneae;A raneidae;Cyclosa;new species;Ningxia;China

Q 959.226

A

1000-1565(2010)06-0696-05

2010-05-21

宁夏六盘山昆虫资源科考专项基金资助项目(L IR0810)

张晓晓(1984—),女,山东泰安人,河北大学在读硕士研究生.

张锋(1971—),男,河北蔚县人,河北大学教授,主要从事蛛形动物学研究.