院士风采

院士风采

李国平

1910.11.15～1996.2.8

数学家。广东丰顺人。1933年毕业于中山大学。1934年至1936年在日本东京帝国大学研读，1937年至1939年任中华教育文化基金研究员。1940年后相继任武汉大学教授，中国科学院武汉数学物理研究所所长、名誉所长。主要从事函数论、数学物理等方面的教学和研究工作。在半纯函数、唯一性问题、有理函数表写问题、整函数理论应用、解析函数逼近、数学物理与系统科学等研究中获多项突出成就。在函数论研究方面取得一系列突出成果。在发展中国教育事业、培养科学人才方面作出了重要贡献。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Mathematician. Born in Fengshun, Guangdong Province. Gradauted from Zhongshan University in 1933. Studied in Tokyo Imperial University from 1934 to 1936. Research professor, China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture from 1937 to 1939, professor, Wuhan University, and director and honorary director, Wuhan Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Li has been chiefly engaged in the education and research of function theory, mathematical physics and has obtained many important achievements in meromorphic function, uniqueness problem, series of rational functions, application of integral function theory, approximation of analytic function, mathematical physics and systems science. In the field of function theory, he has attained a series of extraordenary accomplishments. He also made important contributions in fostering scientefic figures.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

苏步青

1902.9.23～2003.3.17

数学家。浙江平阳人。1927年毕业于日本东北帝国大学，1931年获该校理学博士学位。1948年当选为中央研究院院士。复旦大学教授、校长、名誉校长。主要从事微分几何和计算几何学等方面的研究、教学和教育领导工作，被誉为“东方第一几何学家”。早期在仿射微分几何学和射影微分几何学研究方面取得出色成果；其后在一般空间微分几何学、高维空间共轭网理论、几何外形设计、计算机辅助几何设计等方面取得突出成就。在中国发展教育事业、培养科学人才方面作出了重要贡献。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Mathematician. Born in Pingyang, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Northeast Imperial University, Japan in 1927 and received Ph.D. from the University in 1931. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. President, honorary prdsident and professor, Fuand University.

Su has been engaged in the research, teaching and education in differential geometry and computational geometry and is entitled as the “First Geometer in Oriental”. In his early years, he made excellent projective differential geometry. He botained extraordinary achievements in general space differential geometry, conjugate net theory in higher dimensional space and computer aided geometry design. He also made singificant contributions in developing education and training scientific figures.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

严济慈

1901.1.23～1996.11.2

物理学家。浙江东阳人。1923年毕业于南京高等师范学校和东南大学。1925年获法国巴黎大学硕士学位，1927年获法国国家科学博士学位。1948年当选为中央研究院院士。中国科学院学部主席团名誉主席，中国科技大学教授、校长、名誉校长。中国现代物理学研究的开创人之一。精确测定了居里压电效应“反现象”，发现光双折射效应；系统研究了水晶圆柱体施加扭力起电现象，发现水晶扭电定律；深入研究了碱金属蒸气等光谱，发现轴向对称分子有效截面数值和费米—莱因斯伯格方程不符，并为原子物理学中的斯塔克效应等提供了丰富的实验证明；精确测定了臭氧紫外吸收系数，被世界各国气象学家用来观测高空臭氧层的变化达30年之久；研究压力对照相乳胶感光性能的影响，发现压力能减弱乳胶感光性能；抗战期间在昆明领导开展应用光学研究，研制成大批军用、医用光学仪器设备。在中国科学事业的组织领导、中国教育事业的发展等方面作出了重要贡献。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Physicist. Born in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Nanjing College and Southeast University in 1923. Received MS from Paris University, France in 1925 and French national doctor of science in 1927. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Honorary president, Presidium of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and professor, president and honorary president, University of Science and Technology of China.

Yan is one of the founders of modern physics research in China. He precisely determined the “Adverse Phenomena” of the Curie piezoelectric effedt and discovered the dual –refraction effect of light. He tackled and examined systematically the electrification phenomena of the crystal cylinder under torsion, established the crystal torsion-electricity principle, carried out deepgoing investigation on the spectrum of alkaline metal vapor, etc.. and discolsed the axis-symmetric molecular effective cross-section value different from that of the Fermi-Linesburg Epuation, providing abundant experimental evidences for the Stack effect in atomic physics. He also precisely edtermined the ultra-violet absorbing coefficient of ozone, which was used for over 30years for observing the varation of the ozonosphere depth by meteorologists from all over the world. In his study on the influence of pressure on the light-sensitivity of photoemulsion, he found that pressure turns out tu weaken emulsion’s sensitivity. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was in charge of the applied optics study and developed a large number of military and medical optical equipment.He has also made important contributions to the management and coordination of Chinese scientific affairs and the development of Chinese education.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

吴有训

1897～1977.11.30

物理学家。江西高安人。1920年毕业于南京高等师范学校。1926年获美国芝加哥大学物理学博士学位。1948年当选为中央研究院院士、评议员。中国科学院副院长、研究员。主要从事近代物理学特别是X射线散射光谱方面的研究、教学以及教育与科学组织领导工作，是中国开展近代物理学实验研究的先驱者和奠基人之一。20年代在康普顿的X射线散射实验研究中完成一系列重要实验工作，为康普顿效应的确立和公认做了大量出色工作。为推进中国教育、科学事业的发展作出了重要贡献。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Physicis. Born in Gaoan, Jiangxi Province. Graduatd from Nanjing Advanced Normal Collage in 1920. Received doctor of physics from Chicago University, USA in 1926. Elected academician and appraiser of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Research professor and vice president, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wu took part in the research and education of modern physics, especially in the field of X-ray scattering spectroscopy. He was one of the pioneers and founders of Chinese modern physics. In the 1920s, he completed a series of important investigations in Compton’s experiments on X-ray scattering, and made outstanding contributions to the general acceptance of the Compton effect. He also devoted himself to the promotion of education and scientific research in China, to which he made significant contributions.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy fo Sciences in 1955.