none,no one与nothing用法知多少

王新方

我们先看几道高考题:

1. (2006,四川,31)Of all the books on the desk, ____ is of any use for our study.

A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none

2. (2007,重庆,21)Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly ____ left in the house.

A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something

3. (2007,江西,28)“What do you think of the performance today?” “Great!____ but a musical genius could perform so successfully.”

A. All B. None C. Anybody D. Everybody

4. (2008,福建,21)“How do you find your new classmates?” “Most of them are kind, but ____ is so good to me as Bruce.”

A. none B. no one C. every one D. some one

5. (2008,浙江,9)“Id like some more cheese.” “Sorry,theres ____ left.”

A. some B. none C. a little D. a few

6. (2009,陕西,10)Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer ____ of them.

A. other B. any C. none D. some

7. (2009,全国Ⅱ,7)Charles was alone at home,with ____ looking after him.

A. someone B. anyone C. not one D. no one

8. (2009,上海,26)“Wow!Youve got so many clothes.” “But ____ of them are in fashion now.”

A. all B. both C. neither D. none

答案:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.D

由以上各题可以看出,近几年高考在代词考查方面,none,no one和nothing可谓是考查的重点,然而,学生对这三个词的掌握却不是很扎实。经常有很多学生将这三个词混在一起,难以分辨,以至于在单选,写作等实际运用当中出现不应有的错误,下面我就如何区分三个词谈谈我的看法。

1. none。“没有一个人(或物)”,用来指代三者或三者以上的人或事物,常与of 短语连用,后接可数或不可数名词;代替上文中提到的特定的数量,在简略答语中回答How many/How much引起的问句。例:

“How many students are there in the classroom?” “None.” “教室里有多少个学生?” “一个学生也没有。”

2. no one(nobody)“没有人”,只能指人,不能指物,不能与of短语连用,用作单数,表示泛指概念。在简略答语中用来回答who引导的问句。

例:“Who is in the dining-room now?” “No one/Nobody.” “现在谁在餐厅里?” “没有人。”

3. nothing“没有什么,什么也没有”,只能指物,不与of 短语连用,只泛指“没有什么事情或东西”,用作单数;在简略答语中用来回答what引导的问句。

例:“What have you bought?” “Nothing.” “你买了点什么?” “什么也没买。”

此外,我们可以通过以下表格来区分这三个词

【跟踪训练】

1. “How many elephants did you see?” “____”.

A. None B. No one C. Not many ones D. No many

2. The old man has one son and two daughters, ____ treats him well, ____ made him very sad.

A. none of them; it

B. neither of them; which

C. none of whom; which

D. no one of whom; as

3. We couldnt eat in a restaurant because ____ of us had ____ money on us.

A. all; no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any

4. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, ____ of them answered it.

A. either B. none C. neither D. nobody

5. Although they were good students, ____ had a score above 60.

A. someone B. none C. everyone D. no one

【答案】1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B