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句子:全社会都应重视和关注弱势群体。
误译:The whole society should pay attention to and show concern for the weak group.
正译:The whole society should pay attention to and show concern for the disadvantaged group.
解释:虽然 the weak 作为集合名词具有people who are poor, sick or without power的意思,即“穷人”、“病人”或“没有权力的人”,但是它涵盖不了“弱势群体”的“在政治、经济、文化以及生理健康等方面处于弱势地位的人群的概念”。“弱势群体”,英语可以译为disadvantaged group,socially vulnerable group 或vulnerable group。例如:
1. 弱势群体包括流浪儿、残疾人、下岗工人、贫困山区妇女和孤寡老人等。The disadvantaged group includes waifs, handicapped people, laid-off workers, women in poverty-stricken mountainous areas, lone old people and widowed old people.
“群体”的第一个意思是“由许多在生理上发生联系的同种生物个体组成的整体,如动物中的海绵、珊瑚和植物中的某些藻类”。英语可以译为 colony。例如:
2. 这位研究人员说他不知道这种病毒是否会导致一个群体崩溃。The researcher says that he does not know if this virus may cause a colony to collapse.
“群体”的第二个意思是泛指“由许多本质上有共同点的互相联系的个体组成的整体”,与“个体”是相对的。英语可以译为 group。例如:
3. 近年来,我们的城市出现了许多写字楼、购物中心、大型超市、展览馆、体育馆和住宅小区等建筑群体。In recent years, there have appeared many groups of construction like office buildings, shopping malls, large supermarkets, exhibition halls, gymnasiums and residential areas in our city.
“群体”的第三个意思是“群众”或“民众”。英语可以译为 mass。例如:
4. 根据这位外国记者的理解,群体事件是汉语对大型抗议、骚乱、示威或群众请愿的委婉语。To the mind of the foreign reporter, mass incident is a Chinese euphemism for a large protest, riot, demonstration, or mass petition.▲
(本栏目供稿:王逢鑫教授)