根据语境和英美人习惯做好补全对话

张　庆　张　蕾

【题型特点分析】补全对话是中考的常考题型，题型主要有选择句子型、单词填写型和句子填写型。这种考查不仅提供了完整的语言场合，而且体现了交际语言的情景功能，同时也加大了信息量，有利于对考生进行语言交际能力的考查。情景交际测试的目的在于利用对话的情景，考查学生实际运用英语进行交际的能力，考查学生对英语的习惯表达法和生活用语的掌握情况，对英美国家文化背景的熟悉程度和对文章语言逻辑的判断能力。

【解题思路点拨】

1. 通读全文，弄清对话的语境及内容。在做题时，应跳过空格或空行，快速把全篇对话通读一遍，了解对话的整体结构，把握对话的内容及语境，把握对话的具体时间、地点、人物以及它们之间的相互关系。

2. 结合上下文，把握语境，认真推敲。对话中上下文的关系是相当密切的。做题时，可以根据上句的信息推断下句的信息，通过下句的信息推断上句的信息。这样前后对照、逐句推敲、双管齐下、瞻前顾后，抓住对话的脉络。

3. 入乡随俗，符合英美人的交际习惯。在补全对话的过程中，所选句子或所填单词和句子要符合英美人的交流习惯。在做题时要注意西方的“五不问”，即：不问年龄，不问婚否，不问经历，不问收入，不问住址等。

4. 重读对话，验证答案。填写好单词、句子或选好选项后，应将答案进行验证，检查全篇对话是否贯通流畅，内容是否清晰，前后意思是否矛盾，是否符合语境，是否符合上下文的逻辑关系等等。

【命题趋势预测】补全对话具有考查的知识面广，综合能力强的特点，今后的考查将更加注重语境、语篇和英美人的交流习惯。题型仍将是选择句子型、单词填写型和句子填写型。对话材料的选择将越来越贴近生活，贴近社会，贴近学生生活。只要同学们具有较扎实的基本功，较强的语言运用能力和推断能力，活学活用，以不变应万变，此类题型也就能迎刃而解了。

【经典真题解析】

一、根据对话内容，从方框中选出五个合适的句子补全对话。

X=Xiao FeiM=Miss Lin

X: Good morning, Miss Lin.

M: Hi, Xiao Fei. Where have you been?

X: __1__

M: Really? Thats great!Did you talk with Mark and Judy?

X: Yes, but only a few words. And Im not sure if they understood me.

M: No problem. __2__

X: But Im afraid of making mistakes when I speak.

M: __3__ You should believe in yourself.

X: But do you think they like to talk with us beginners?

M: Yes, unless they are busy.

X: Well, Im still not so confident. You know my pronunciation(发音) is poor.

M: __4__ Try to talk with them as much as you can.

X: All Yight. __5__

A. Thanks a lot, Miss Lin.

B. Ive just been to the English Corner.

C. Thats a very bad excuse!

D. You have made a good start.

E. No, Im not.

F. We all learn from mistakes, dont we?

G. Can I help you?

分析：这段对话谈论在英语角练口语，Xiao Fei对自己英语口语没有信心，Miss Lin鼓励他多说多练。根据问句的内容，第一空应该回答到哪里去了，因此选择B。第二空是Miss Lin表扬他能开口说英语就是好的开端，选D。Xiao Fei害怕说英语时出错，所以第三空Miss Lin的回答应该是F。Xiao Fei又说到对自己没有信心，发音也不好，Miss Lin说：别给自己找借口了，尽量和别人多说就行，第四空选择C。最后一空是Xiao Fei对Miss Lin所给的建议和鼓励表示感谢，选A。

二、在下面对话的空白处填入适当的单词，使对话意思完整、通顺。每空填写一词。

A: Good morning, madam. May I help you?

B: Yes. Im afraid I __1__ my handbag on the taxi this morning!

A: Whats __2__ the handbag?

B: About 5, 000 yuan.

A:__3__ else?

B: Yes, my ID card, I think.

A: By the way, have you __4__ for the taxi ticket?

B: Yes, the ticket __5__ is 2955573.

A: Well. Ill help you to call the taxi __6__. (Knocking at the door.)

A: Come in, please.

C: Good morning, sir. I found this handbag on my taxi and I __7__ it here. Theres much money __8__.

A: Thank you very much. (Turning to the woman) Is this your handbag?

B: Yes, its __9__. Thank goodness!__10__ a kind man!Thank you.

分析:这段对话是寻找丢失的手提包，即询问事件发生、发展和结果的对话。解题的关键在于通读全文，上下求证。1.1eft, 包落在出租车上是今天早上的事情，使用过去时。2.in, 在……里面，用介词in。3.Anything, 前面说包里有钱，后面又回答包里有身份证，所以这里应该问“还有别的什么吗?”，注意第一个字母要大写。4.asked，“请求，要”，是固定词组ask for，本句使用现在完成时，所以用过去分词。5.此句后面跟着数字，很容易想到number。 6.打电话给……, 我们很容易想到“司机”driver，这里填公司company也可以。7.把东西从别处带来用bring，这里要使用过去时态，所以用brought。8.使用副词inside，相当于in the handbag。9.“我的包”用名词性物主代词mine。10.What引导的感叹句。

【巩固精练】

一、补全对话 从方框中选出适当的句子，完成下列对话。每个选项只能用一次。

(A)

W: Hello!

M: Hello！This is Mark. __1__

W: Yes, this is Sandy. Anything new?

M: Its weekend tomorrow. Shall we go for a spring outing?

W: Sounds great!__2__

M: What about the Yellowstone Park? They say the sights there are most beautiful this time of the season.

W: Good!__3__

M: Well, we can fish, camp and have a picnic. Well do a lot of walking, too. __4__

W: Sure. __5__

M: Ill pick you up at about 7 tomorrow morning, OK?

W: OK!See you!

M: See you!

A. Where shall we go?

B. Whos that speaking?

C. Would you please bring your sports shoes?

D. Shall we go there?

E. May I speak to Sandy, please?

F. When shall we start out?

G. What can we do there?

(B)

A: Hello, John. Here is the book. You lent it to me last week. Thank you very much.

B: Oh, youre welcome, Tim. __1__.

A: Very much, Im sorry to have kept it so long. I havent had much time for reading these days.

B: Thats all right. __2__.

A: Have you got any more books by the same writer?

B: Yes, but I have lent it to Jim. Would you like to borrow it?

A: Yes, please. Shall I ask Jim to pass it on to me when he has finished it?

B: No, better let him return it to me and then __3__.

A: Have you got anything else I can borrow now?

B: Do you like science books? __4__.

A: __5__.

B: OK. Lets go and get it. Its in my room.

A. Ive got a good one.

B. I have read some but I dont think theyre interesting.

C. Ill let you have it.

D. How do you like it?

E. Ive never read any and Id like to try it.

F. You can ask him for it.

G. I dont mind how long you kept it.

二、根据对话内容与上下文， 在空白处填入适当词，使对话意思完整。每空只填一词。

(A)

Mum: Jeff, please clean up your room and __1__ out the trash now.

Jeff: Sorry, mum. I __2__ to do my homework first.

Mum: Could you tidy your room first? Im busy. I really need your

__3__. Your grandmother is coming over in an hour.

Jeff: All right, I will do that first. Could I use the car __4__ I do

my homework and clean my room?

Mum: No, your grandmother and I are going to a meeting at the

library. Im sorry. Could I give you a ride?

Jeff: OK. Im going to the theatre with Tim. Could you give him a ride, too?

Mum: Sure, he lives near the library.

Jeff: Oh, Mum!Could you give me some __5__ for my theatre ticket?

Mum: Sure.

(B)

A: I havent seen you for two months. __1__ have you been?

B: Ive been to Dalian __2__ my parents.

A: Great!How was your vacation?

B: It was wonderful. We visited many interesting __3__, such as Dalian Wildlife Zoo and the Sea Aquarium.

A: Did you go to the beach?

B: Yes. We __4__ great fun playing in the water.

A: What about the food?

B: It was delicious.

A: How about the people?

B: They __5__ really friendly to us.

三、阅读下面的对话，根据对话内容补上所缺句子，使对话意思完整。（每空一句）

(A)

Pat Alex(P) comes by to see Li Hong (L). They talk about the party last night and about the weather.

P: Hi, Li Hong.

L: Hi, Pat. __1__?

P: Because it was so cold and rainy.

L: __2__!It was a really good party. Hey, why dont we go for a walk this afternoon, Pat?

P: Go for a walk? But its so cold out.

L: Cold out? __3__?

P: About 13℃.

L: 13℃? __4__. Just wait until winter.

P: Why?

L: Well…it snows a lot and sometimes its very cold. Last winter it was 7℃ below zero for three weeks. And it was windy too.

P: That sounds terrible!

L: __5__. The sun was out almost every day.

(B)

(Jill is not feeling well. So her mother takes her to the hospital.)

Jill: Good morning, doctor.

Doctor: Good morning. __1__?

Jill: This morning I had a pain in my head.

Doctor: __2__?

Jill: Im feeling even worse.

Doctor: Let me take your temperature. Its cold. __3__.

Jill: Really? But I dont feel any better now.

Doctor: Did you eat anything for breakfast?

Mother: No. __4__.

Doctor: Well, take this medicine three times a day. __5__.

Jill: OK. Thank you.

Key:一、(A)1.E 2.A 3.G 4.C 5.F B)1.D 2.G 3.C 4.A 5.E二、(A)1.take 2.need/have 3.help 4.after 5.money B)1.Where 2.with 3.places 4.had 5.were 三、(A)1.Why didnt you go to the party last night?2.What a pity/Thats too bad/Too bad 3.Whats the temperature 4.Thats not cold/Its not cold 5.It wasnt all that bad/It wasnt all that terrible/That wasnt so bad/No/I wouldnt say that/Not terrible (B)1.Whats the matter/wrong with you?/your trouble? 2.How are you feeling now?3.(There is) Nothing serious/wrong. 4.She didnt feel like eating anything./She didnt want to eat anything. 5.Have a good rest and drink more water./I hope youll be all right soon.