刘 跃
1. 一般将来时的基本概念
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常性的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成。美国英语则不管什么人称,一律用will。
2. 一般将来时的形式
●will常简略为ll,并与主语连写在一起,如:Ill, hell, itll, well,youll, theyll。
●一般疑问句常用will you…?其简略答语须是Yes, I will或 No, I will not;如用 Shall you…?(较少见)其简略答语须是 Yes, I shall. 或 No, I shall not.
3. 一般将来时的用法
1)表示将来的动作或状态
一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow(明天), next week(下周), from now on(从现在开始), in the future(将来)等。
2)表示将来经常发生的动作。
4.一般将来时的其他用法
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成”外,还有以下几种形式。
1)“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。例如:
①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。
②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。
2)go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。例如: Im leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。
3)“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如:
①Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗?
②The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学。
4)“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作,意为:很快,马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。例如: We are about to leave.我们马上就走。
5)某些词,如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay 等的一般现在时也可表示将来。例如:
①The meeting starts at five oclock. 会议五点开始。
②He gets off at the next stop. 他下一站下车。
专项练习:
1. There ____ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be
C. is going to be D. will go to be
2. Charlie ____ here next month.
A. isnt working B. doesnt work
C. isnt going to working D. wont work
3. He ____ very busy this week; he ____ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
4. There ____ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have
C. will have D. is going to be
5. ——____ you ____ free tomorrow?
——No. I ____ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
6. Mother ____ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
7. ——Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
——____. (不,不要。)
A. No, you wont B. No, you arent
C. No, please dont D. No, please
8. ——Where is the morning paper?
——I ____ it for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
9. ____ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be
C. There can be D. There are
10. If they come, we ____ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
Key:1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.B