ACE2 rs2074192位点多态性与非乙醇性脂肪性肝病易感性的相关性

2024-05-07 09:01赵守林张梅赵真真陈立震宣世英
青岛大学学报(医学版) 2024年1期
关键词:脂肪性携带者易感性

赵守林 张梅 赵真真 陈立震 宣世英

[收稿日期]2022-11-03;  [修订日期]2023-03-17

[基金项目]国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171277)

[第一作者]赵守林(1995-),男,硕士研究生。E-mail:145303-0783@qq.com。

[通信作者]宣世英(1961-),女,博士,教授,博士生导师。E-mail:xuansydxy@163.com。

[摘要]  目的

探讨青岛地区人群血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)rs2074192位点多态性与非乙醇性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)易感性的相关性。

方法  研究纳入NAFLD病人208例,健康查体者105例。收集受试者的血液标本,提取DNA,应用多聚酶链反应(PCR)检测ACE2基因rs2074192位点的基因型,比较ACE2 rs2074192位点基因型及等位基因频率在NAFLD组及对照组的分布差异。同时收集受试者的临床资料及实验室生化检查结果,比较不同基因型病人临床资料及实验室生化结果的差异。

结果  NAFLD组和对照组ACE2 rs2074192位点的基因型与等位基因分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ACE2 rs2074192位点T等位基因女性携带者体质量指数高于未携带者,T等位基因男性携带者血清葡萄糖水平低于未携带者(t=-2.613、-3.195,P<0.05)。

结论  青岛地区人群ACE2 rs2074192位点多态性与 NAFLD 易感性无明显相关性。

[关鍵词]  非酒精性脂肪性肝病;多态性,限制性片段长度;血管紧张素转换酶2;疾病遗传易感性

[中图分类号]  R575.5

[文献标志码]  A

[文章编号]  2096-5532(2024)01-0039-04

doi:10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2024.60.035

[开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)]

[网络出版]  https://link.cnki.net/urlid/37.1517.R.20240329.0935.004;2024-04-01  12:10:14

Association of ACE2 rs2074192 polymorphism with susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

ZHAO Shoulin, ZHANG Mei, ZHAO Zhenzhen, CHEN Lizhen, XUAN Shiying

\ (Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)

\; [Abstract]\ Objective\ To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism at rs2074192 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene (ACE2) and susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a population of Qingdao Province, China.

Methods\ A total of 208 patients with NAFLD and 105 healthy subjects were included. DNA was extracted from their blood samples to determine the genotype of rs2074192 of the ACE2 gene by using polymerase chain reaction. The frequency distributions of ACE2 rs2074192 genotypes and alleles were compared between the NAFLD group and control group. The clinical data and laboratory results of patients carrying different genotypes were compared.

\ Results\ There were no significant differences in the distributions of ACE2 rs2074192 genotypes and alleles between the NAFLD group and the control group (P>0.05). Among female patients, the body mass index was significantly higher in T allele carriers than in those not carrying the T allele at ACE2 rs2074192 (t=-2.613,P<0.05). Among male patients, serum glucose level was significantly lower in T allele carriers than in those not harboring the T allele (t=-3.195,P<0.05).

\ Conclusion\ There was no significant association of ACE2 rs2074192 polymorphism with NAFLD susceptibility in the Qingdao population.

[Key words]\ non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; polymorphism, restriction fragment length; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; genetic predisposition to disease

非乙醇性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是一种受遗传因素与环境因素综合影响的代谢性疾病[1-2],随着病情进展,可以发展为非乙醇性脂肪性肝炎、肝硬化甚至肝癌[3]。近年来,随着新型抗病毒药以及干扰素应用于病毒型肝炎的治疗及乙肝疫苗的广泛接种,NAFLD已经逐渐超过病毒性肝炎成为发病率及致死率增长最快的慢性肝脏疾病[4],预计疾病造成的社会负担也会进一步增加[5-6]。血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)是肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的关键酶,也是防治原发性高血压的新靶点,该酶基因编码了一种含有805个氨基酸组成的Ⅰ型膜结合糖蛋白[7]。有研究发现,ACE2可以增加胰岛素敏感性,增加脂肪酸氧化,从而改善肝脏的脂质沉积[8-11]。ACE2基因位点呈现高度遗传多态性,研究表明ACE2 rs2074192 T等位基因与视网膜病变的发生存在相关性[12],携带T等位基因可增加原发性高血压的发病风险[13]。NAFLD与高血压、糖尿病等同为代谢综合征的不同表现形式[14-15]。本研究对青岛地区人群ACE2 rs2074192多态性与NAFLD发病风险的相关性进行探讨,从而完善NAFLD遗传易感性的人口学数据。

1  资料与方法

1.1  研究对象

选取2020年12月—2022年6月于青岛市市立医院消化内科、感染性疾病科及健康查体中心就诊的NAFLD病人208例,男98例,女110例,均经超声检查确诊。NAFLD的诊断及排除标准符合2010年修订版《非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南》[16]。选取年龄、性别与其相匹配的105例健康查体者作为对照组。研究对象之间无血缘关系。本研究符合青岛市市立医院伦理委员会伦理要求,且所有受试者均签署知情同意书。

1.2  生化指标及基因型测定

所有受试者均在禁食12 h后采集全血进行生化指标的测定,包括总胆红素(TBiL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)和空腹血糖(FPG)。采用多聚酶链反应(PCR)进行目的基因ACE2 rs2074192位点多态性分析。PCR引物序列:上游5′-ACGTTGGATGCCCTTAAACACAGCAGTCAC-3′,下游5′-ACGTTGGATGTTAGGTTCATCAACAGCTCC-3′。提取DNA后,由博淼生物科技(北京)有限公司基于Massarray技术进行ACE2 rs2074192位点核苷酸多态性测序。

1.3  统计学处理

采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学处理。符合正态分布计量资料以±s表示,组间比较采用t检验;不符合正态分布者以M(P25,P75)表示,组间比较采用Wilcoxon 秩和检验。计数资料以例数表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2  结  果

2.1  两组一般资料比较

与对照组比较,NAFLD组体质量指数(BMI)及血清ALT、AST、GGT、FPG、TG、ApoB水平均升高,血清HDL水平降低,差异均有显著意义(Z=-11.000~-2.134,P<0.05);其余指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表1。

2.2  ACE2 rs2074192 基因型分析

鉴于ACE2 基因位于X染色体,将受试者分为女性和男性进行分析。男性及女性NAFLD组、对照组ACE2 rs2074192 基因型及等位基因分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表2。

2.3  女性不同等位基因携带者一般生化指标比较

根据是否携带等位基因T将女性研究对象分为T等位基因携带者和T等位基因未携带者,T等位基因携带者BMI水平较T等位基因未携带者高(t=-2.613,P<0.05)。其余指标两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表3。

2.4  男性不同等位基因携带者一般生化指标比较

男性T等位基因携带者较T等位基因未携带者血清FPG水平低(Z=-3.195,P<0.05)。两组间其余指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。见表4。

3  讨  论

NAFLD的发生和发展是环境与遗传因素共同作用的结果[17]。ACE2 rs2074192位点已经被证明能够影响高血压、糖尿病等疾病的发生和发展进程[12-13]。本研究首次探讨ACE2 rs2074192位点基因多态性与青岛地区人群NAFLD发病风险的相关性,为NAFLD的诊疗提供新的思路。

有研究发现,ACE2敲除的小鼠在普通饮食情况下肝脏脂肪变性的程度较未敲除组加重,ACE2在人肝癌细胞中过表达;进一步研究发现,ACE2通过Ang-(1-7)/Mas轴起作用[11]。提示ACE2基因与NAFLD的发生存在相关性。本文研究未发现ACE2 rs2074192位点与NAFLD易感性之间的相关性,但是在女性中T等位基因携带者BMI水平高于未携带者。NAFLD作为代谢综合征的肝脏表现,往往与体内代谢活动、脂质沉积等因素密切相关[16,18-19]。相关研究显示,在女性糖尿病病人中,ACE2 rs2074192位点携带T等位基因能够增加糖尿病视网膜病变的易感性[12]。在女性青少年中,该位点的杂合子携带者的TC水平较该位点的纯合子携带者高[20]。一项未区分性别的研究结果显示,ACE2 rs2074192位点与高血压病人靶器官损害及原发性高血压等的发生存在相關性[11]。糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常等均属于代谢紊乱的全身性疾病,ACE2 rs2074192位点影响代谢活动及心血管系统[21-22],影响肝内外代谢过程。本文研究结果显示,男性携带T等位基因者FPG水平较不携带者低,差异有显著性。LIU等[23]研究显示,携带T等位基因对糖尿病发病有保护作用,且在糖尿病病人中携带T等位基因者具有更低的糖化血红蛋白水平。本文研究结果与其相一致。尽管本文研究未发现ACE2 rs2074192位点与NAFLD易感性之间有相关性,与前人临床研究显示AEC2 rs2074192位点能够影响代谢综合征的发生不一致[12,20]。但是鉴于该位点与BMI及FPG水平改变有关[24-25],其对NAFLD发生发展的潜在影响仍不可忽视。

綜上所述,本研究未发现青岛地区人群ACE2 rs2074192多态性与NAFLD发病风险有相关性。然而,本研究显示女性ACE2 rs2074192位点T等位基因携带者BMI水平高于未携带者,男性T等位基因携带者血清FPG水平低于未携带者。本研究纳入研究样本量有限,未来需进行大样本、多中心的进一步研究,以探讨ACE2 rs2074192位点对肝内外代谢指标及NAFLD易感性的影响。

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(本文编辑  黄建乡)

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