济南年俗

缇娜

中國人的“年”既神圣而又充满欢乐，在传承发展中承载了丰厚的历史文化底蕴。丰富多彩的“年俗”是每一个中国人心目中难以磨灭的记忆，是辞旧迎新的“仪式感”，也是美好祝愿的具象化表达，传承至今，仍充满迷人的魅力。

所谓十里不同风，百里不同俗。不同的地域，过年的风俗也不尽相同。文化底蕴深厚的济南，自然也有着自己的年俗。在济南，一进腊月门，人们便开始筹划过年事宜，谓之“忙年”。随着过年时的喜庆气氛充满大街小巷，济南特有的年俗也像一幅气象万千的民俗风情画渐次展开。

济南人过年一般从“腊八”那天开始。从这天起，祭灶、扫尘、蒸馒头、贴春联、挂年画、祀祖先、燃爆竹、守岁、拜年……各种年俗活动依次上演，表达着人们对于美好生活的祝愿与期许。

年年岁岁人相似、岁岁年年味不同。随着时代的发展，各式各样的过年方式不断被解锁。年俗也在变化，有的已经消失，有的已经演变。腊月二十三，过小年不再辞灶；守岁变成了大家围坐在电视机前嗑着瓜子看春晚；电子拜年的方式流行起来，微信里更是“声色”俱全；过年期间，各大商场照常营业，各个景区热情迎客，喜迎市民游客购物、游玩；还有越来越多的市民选择全家到外地旅游代替回家过年，图的是清爽自在。

在时代的演变中，人们其实早已赋予了“年”新的内核，但不论形式如何变化，阖家团圆、除旧迎新、祈祷平安的愿景是不变的。或许这才是“年”的意义所在。

The Spring Festival is the most solemn traditional festival of the Chinese nation. Influenced by Chinese culture. The origin of the Spring Festival contains profound cultural connotation and carries rich historical and cultural heritage. The Spring Festival traditions that convey the best wishes have been well-inherited and developed.

All parts of the country hold various activities to celebrate the Spring Festival， with strong local characteristics. In Jinan， these activities are rich and colorful in form and are the essence of Chinese traditional culture. The holiday season is a joyous time filled with family， friends and festivities.

The festival starts from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. People have different festival activities， such as offering sacrifices to the kitchen god and the god of wealth， sweeping the dust， making steam bun， pasting Spring Festival couplet， worshiping ancestors， staying up late on New Years Eve， visiting family members and friends and going to the temple fairs. Various New Year events are staged to carry peoples wishes and hopes.

Over thousands of years， folk customs to celebrate the Spring Festival have changed a lot， but what remain unchanged are the feelings that are deeply blended in the Chinese living style and communication. Nowadays we have new means of celebrating the Spring Festival， for instance， sending online New Years greetings， spending time in scenic spots， shopping malls and commercial complexes， and traveling with the family for a reunion.

Till this day， some traditions are held not as commonly as in the past. Folk customs have evolved with the passage of time， but peoples nostalgia， hopes and affection for each other will never change.