Abstracts of Main Essays

AnalysisonNewHistoricalContextandNewRequirementsoftheSocialistCommonProsperityintheNewEra

DU Zhi-zhang

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, “common prosperity” has gradually become a key academic issue, a hot social topic, and an important discourse of the party and the people in the new era. This is mainly based on the following new contexts: First, common prosperity has changed from a lofty ideal to a practical goal of the Chinese people; Second, some regions and some people have become prosperous first, and China has entered the era of “encouraging those having got prosperous first to help others catch up”; Third, the global spread of neo-liberalism has intensified the value mismatch and the growing division between the rich and the poor, so narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor has become a global issue. To promote common prosperity in the new era, the following new requirements should be implemented: First, we should give consideration to efficiency as well as fairness; Second, we need to pursue balance and full development so as to lay a solid material foundation for common prosperity; Third, a fairer wealth distribution mechanism should be established, consolidating the institutional foundation of common prosperity; at the same time, we should avoid falling into misunderstandings such as “equalitarianism”, “trickle-down effect”, “charity trap”, “welfare trap” and so on.

StudyofEcologicalSignificanceoftheChinese-styleModernizationandItsInnovativeValuesinModernContext

DONG Hui， WANG Yun-ru

Ecological issues are not only an urgent survival problem to be solved in the world, but also an unavoidable key issue in modernization. Drawing wisdom from Marxist ecological thought, the Communist Party of China has carried out a series of explorations on solving ecological problems, building an ecologically modern country, and realizing the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and even human civilization, and has embarked on a path of Chinese-style modernization with a good ecology. The rich ecological connotation contained in the road to the Chinese-style modernization is demonstrated as the theoretical wisdom of “harmonious coexistence between man and nature”, to meet the people’s demand for a beautiful ecological environment as the goal of struggle, to strengthen ecological environmental protection in an all-round, all-regional and whole-process manner as the work requirement, to adhere to green development as the development plan, and to lead the global ecological governance as the responsibility. The ecological connotation of the path to Chinese-style modernization embodies that Communist Party of China has always adhered to the correct understanding of the relationship between man and nature, deeply grasps the fundamental principle of people first, scientifically applies system concepts, and continuously promotes ecological modernization on the basis of the high position of human civilization, contributing China’s wisdom and strength to the realization of the comprehensive improvement of global ecological civilization construction and the new development of human civilization.

HistoricalCritiqueofMartinLuther’sTheologicalThoughtandHisImpactontheEnlightenmentPhilosophy

HUANG Yu-sheng

Martin Luther’s theological thought not only predominated the Reformation but also had an influence on the Enlightenment philosophy which followed. In denying the clergy’s(especially the Roman Church’s) monopoly of the spiritual, his theological thought helped establish every individual’s equal status in terms of the spiritual, thus liberating man from the“unit”or “genus-being”. In the God-human relation, man became an individual who can and must face God as a singular person, resisting being surrogated or represented. By distinguishing between spiritual and mundane freedom, Luther was able to acknowledge mundane free will while denying spiritual free will. On the other hand, in the doctrine ofsolafide, which constituted the core of his theology, Luther established the absolute priority of “faith”； in this way, he liberated man from the past and all traditions, subjected them to reevaluation and possible reaffirmation, thus erecting the individual as the primary measure of every transformation and reformation. Spiritual equality, the conviction that the individual is free and is the measure, and the reevaluation of all traditions, belonged to what the Enlightenment philosophy sought to establish with self-consciousness.

StudyofJustification,DefenseandSkepticalSituationfromthePerspectiveofModernEpistemology

Timothy Williamson

Two hypotheses about justification are very prevalent in contemporary epistemology and are often used to explain what justification is. First, a belief is justified if and only if it meets the key normative standard for the epistemic assessment of beliefs. Second, the beliefs of a subject in everyday and skeptical scenarios are equally justified. However, the traditional distinction between justification and non-justification is not enough to explain the differences in epistemic norms between beliefs of the two scenarios. This essay steps back from the epistemological issues to general normative considerations, proposes a new framework: besides basic norms, there are derived secondary and tertiary norms. They are mutually non-equivalent. Only compliance with the basic norms can be said as “justified”. In cases of a violation of the basic norms, even compliance with the secondary and tertiary norms, it can at best be said “excusable” or “blameless”. This new framework can not only explain the difference of subject’s beliefs in everyday and skeptical scenarios, but also can explain why epistemologists generally tend to attribute justification to beliefs in skeptical scenarios, because they are not aware that beyond a simple distinction between justification and non-justification, there is a type of belief which is “blameless without justification”.

ReviewofYangtzeRiverWaterCulture：TimeThemeandThematicConstruction

ZHENG Xiao-yun

The rich water culture of Yangtze River reflects the diversified regional characters, and has exerted positive influences on the human development along the basin. However, when we examine the water culture shaped in the history of the Yangtze River from the perspective of the whole Chinese civilization and grand national grand strategy, we can see that there is a lack of systematic and holistic understanding of the water culture of the Yangtze River, and a concept of water culture that reflects the integrity of the Yangtze River. The proposed water culture of the Yangtze River aims to construct a systematic concept of the water culture of the Yangtze River and make the “water culture of the Yangtze River” a holistic symbol of the water culture of the Yangtze River basin. Accordingly, the construction of Yangtze River water culture helps to integrate the culture along the basin into a holistic conception. In the new background more supporting cultural elements are needed to construct the Yangtze River water culture. It is of great value to inheriting and protecting the water cultural heritage of Yangtze River, but also to promoting the construction of the Ecological Civilization of the basin and practice the national strategies.

ReviewofChineseModernizationfromtheDigitalHumanitiesPerspective——BasedontheEarlyChineseEducationModernization

MA Min， XUE Qin

Digital Humanities Research in the era of big data is in the ascendant now, causing the traditional historiography to face challenges in terms of research materials, methods and even paradigms. The rapid development of digital technology and the study of numerous historical documents have brought new vitality to the traditional historical research. The development of “New Road to Chinese modernization” requires that historians deepen their research on the practice and theory of Chinese modernization. Scholars can attempt to introduce and draw lessons from the digital tools and means in the field of humanities through the establishment of the quantitative index system of database construction, and to quantify the facets of contemporary and modern development index system for reference, through the whole process of Chinese modernization development path. This may be one of the important attempts to deepen the research on Chinese modernization.

AnalysisonZHENGYuanjie’sFairyTalesProductionfromtheModernityPerspective

LI Jun-guo， ZHOU Sheng-nan

Views on children, the origin of all children’s literature, could identify different aspects of children’s literature through changes in children’s cognition. Though “children-oriented” theory was put forward at the beginning of Chinese children’s literature, in fact, “adult-oriented” theory was usually shown in the field of actual creation. Zheng Yuanjie’s fairy tales has a certain impact on the inherent form of Chinese children’s literature. The kid who named Pi Pilu in Zheng Yuanjie’s book relies on self-enlightenment, differs from the traditional “obedient” children, showing a clear spirit of resistance in both speech and behavior, and deducing the image of an independent and rational intelligent child. In artistic expression, Zheng Yuanjie’s fairy tales’ outstanding imagination and game play not only show the aesthetic modernity, but also build a childhood view with “game” and “imagination” as the essence, forming absurd and humorous fairy tale writing form. With his unique children-oriented view, his fairy tails’ long-term influence to some extent proves their classic and modern value in the history of Chinese children’s literature.