王晗,刘艳,潘娟,管伟,匡海学,杨炳友
(教育部北药基础与应用研究重点实验室,黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040)
牛茄子(Solanum capsicoidesAllioni.)为茄科(Solanaceae)茄属(Solanum)植物,其根或全株入药,味苦,辛,温,有毒,民间多用于跌打损伤、慢性咳嗽痰喘、胃脘痛和瘰疬等的治疗[1]。现代植物化学和药理学研究表明,其主要含有甾体类[2]、苯丙素[3]等化学成分,具有良好的药理活性,如抗炎镇痛[4]、抗肿瘤[2]等,甾体类化合物是其主要活性成分之一,但目前此植物化学成分研究并不深入,有必要对其进行更深入的研究,进一步阐明其药效物质基础。因此,本文通过多种色谱及波谱学手段从牛茄子叶中分离鉴定,结果共分离出15 个甾体类化合物,其中化合物1、2、8、9、10、11、13、14、15首次从牛茄子中分离出来。
旋转蒸发仪(EYELA 公司);AV-600 型超导核磁共振波谱仪(Bruker 公司);Q-TOF(ESI)高分辨质谱仪(Waters公司);中压制备(布奇公司);制备型高效液相色谱(岛津公司);分析型高效液相色谱(Waters公司);SunFire 分析型色谱柱(5 μm,4.6 mm×150 mm)(Waters 公司);Sephadex LH-20(GE Healthcare 公司);反相ODS(YMC 公司);柱色谱硅胶(200~300 目)和薄层色谱硅胶(青岛海洋化工厂);色谱甲醇(默克公司),柱色谱用化学试剂(天津富宇精细化工有限公司)。
牛茄子叶于2020年8月采收于云南省昆明市,经黑龙江中医药大学药学院樊锐锋教授鉴定为牛茄子(Solanum capsicoidesAllioni)。原植物标本(20200826)保存于黑龙江中医药大学中药化学实验室。
称取干燥的牛茄子叶20.0 kg,加10 倍量的70%乙醇加热回流提取3 次,每次2 h,滤过。减压浓缩获得牛茄子叶提取物浸膏6.0 kg。取3.0 kg 粗膏用水分散,水溶液上于HP20 大孔吸附树脂,分别用水(2 BV)、30%乙醇(2 BV)、95%乙醇(4 BV)以1 BV/h流速进行柱色谱洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压回收溶剂,95%乙醇洗脱组分,共得423.0 g。
取423.0 g的95%乙醇洗脱组分,用硅胶柱色谱进行初步的分离,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(1∶0→0∶1,V/V)为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱并进行TLC 检识并合并,最终共得到8个组分,即Fr.A~Fr.H。Fr.G经硅胶、ODS及制备型HPLC 分离得到化合物1(10.3 mg)、2(8.4 mg)、3(15.0 mg)、4(12.1 mg)、5(6.8 mg)、6(8.6 mg)、7(7.5 mg)、9(4.2 mg)、10(12.0 mg)、11(18.2 mg)、12(12.8 mg)、13(6.2 mg)、14(5.9 mg)、15(4.5 mg)。Fr.E 经MCI、ODS 及制备型HPLC 分离得到化合物8(4.2 mg)。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:741.443 3[M+H]+,分子式为C39H64O13。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.60(1H,t,J=11.8 Hz,H-9),0.83(3H,s,Me-18),0.84(3H,s,Me-19),0.94(1H,m,H-1a),1.08(2H,o,H-12a,H-14),1.20(2H,o,H-7a,11b),1.32(1H,t,J=12.0 Hz,H-5),1.45(2H,o,H-11b,15a),1.52(3H,d,J=7.1 Hz,Me-27),1.54(1H,d,J=6.9 Hz,Me-21),1.63(1H,d,J=5.9 Hz,rha Me-6),1.65(4H,o,H-1b,4a,8,12b),1.70(2H,o,H-2a,H-25),1.71(1H,d,J=6.2 Hz,qui Me-6),1.81(2H,o,H-17,24a),2.03(1H,m,H-2b),2.10(1H,m,H-15b),2.35(1H,dt,J=14.7,5.3 Hz,H-24b),2.52(1H,d,J=12.4 Hz,H-7b),2.62(1H,m,H-20),3.16(1H,d,J=12.0 Hz,H-4b),3.55(1H,d,J=11.0 Hz,H-26a),3.64(2H,o,H-6,qui H-4),3.73(2H,o,H-3,qui H-5),4.04(2H,o,H-23,qui H-2),4.20(1H,dd,J=11.0,2.9 Hz,H-26b),4.26(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,qui H-3),4.35(1H,t,J=9.4 Hz,rha H-4),4.64(2H,o,H-16,rha H-3),4.76(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz,qui H-1),4.82(1H,d,J=1.6 Hz,rha H-2),5.01(1H,m,rha H-5),6.29(1H,s,rha H-1)。13CNMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.5(C-1),32.1(C-2),70.4(C-3),32.9(C-4),51.1(C-5),79.2(C-6),41.2(C-7),34.3(C-8),53.6(C-9),36.5(C-10),21.0(C-11),39.7(C-12),40.9(C-13),56.2(C-14),32.9(C-15),81.3(C-16),64.3(C-17),16.3(C-18),13.4(C-19),40.6(C-20),17.0(C-21),110.2(C-22),69.9(C-23),34.2(C-24),27.0(C-25),65.1(C-26),20.3(C-27),105.4(qui C-1),76.0(qui C-2),83.0(qui C-3),75.0(qui C-4),72.5(qui C-5),18.6(qui C-6),102.8(rha C-1),72.5(rha C-2),72.4(rha C-3),75.0(rha C-4),69.7(rha C-5),18.5(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[5]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Trovoside C。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:727.426 7[M+H]+,分子式为C38H62O13。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.61(1H,td,J=13.1,5.8 Hz,H-9),0.83(3H,s,Me-18),0.86(3H,s,Me-19),0.96(1H,td,J=13.1,3.1 Hz,H-1a),1.08(2H,o,H-12a,H-14),1.22(2H,o,H-7a,11a),1.38(1H,m,H-5),1.45(2H,o,H-11b,15a),1.52(1H,d,J=7.2 Hz,Me-21),1.55(1H,d,J=6.9 Hz,Me-27),1.58(1H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.68(6H,o,H-1b,2a,4a,8,12b,25),1.81(2H,o,H-17,24a),2.04(1H,d,J=11.3 Hz,H-2b),2.09(1H,m,H-15b),2.34(1H,dt,J=14.2,5.6 Hz,H-24b),2.53(1H,dt,J=12.4,4.1 Hz,H-7b),2.63(1H,m,H-20),3.20(1H,d,J=12.4 Hz,H-4b),3.55(1H,brd,J=10.6 Hz,H-26a),3.59(1H,m,qui H-4),3.71(3H,o,H-6,qui H-5,xyl H-5a),3.79(1H,m,H-3),4.03(4H,o,H-23,qui H-2,3,xyl-2),4.17(3H,o,H-26b,xyl H-3,4),4.32(1H,m,xyl H-5b),4.63(1H,m,H-16),4.83(1H,d,J=7.4 Hz,qui H-1),5.24(1H,d,J=7.7 Hz,xyl H-1)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.8(C-1),32.1(C-2),70.6(C-3),33.1(C-4),51.3(C-5),79.5(C-6),41.2(C-7),34.3(C-8),53.9(C-9),36.8(C-10),21.2(C-11),39.9(C-12),41.2(C-13),56.2(C-14),32.4(C-15),81.6(C-16),64.6(C-17),16.6(C-18),13.6(C-19),40.9(C-20),17.2(C-21),110.5(C-22),70.1(C-23),34.2(C-24),27.3(C-25),65.4(C-26),20.5(C-27),105.2(qui C-1),74.7(qui C-2),87.6(qui C-3),75.3(qui C-4),72.3(qui C-5),18.6(qui C-6),106.4(xyl C-1),74.9(xyl C-2),78.2(xyl C-3),70.9(xyl C-4),67.4(xyl C-5)。上述数据与文献[5]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Trovoside D。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:741.443 2[M+H]+,分子式为C39H64O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD,600 MHz)δ:0.69(1H,td,J=12.1,3.7 Hz,H-9),0.82(3H,d,J=6.5 Hz,Me-27),0.87(3H,s,Me-18),0.87(3H,s,Me-19),0.94(1H,q,J=12.1 Hz,H-7a),1.02(1H,td,J=13.3,3.1 Hz,H-1a),1.11(4H,o,H-4a,5,12a,14),1.16(3H,d,J=7.3 Hz,Me-21),1.24(3H,d,J=6.2 Hz,rha Me-6),1.28(1H,m,H-15a),1.28(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.37(2H,o,H-2a,11a),1.48(1H,q,J=11.9 Hz,H-24a),1.55(1H,dd,J=13.4,2.8 Hz,H-11b),1.71(6H,o,H-1b,2b,8,12b,24b,25),1.83(1H,dd,J=9.0,6.3 Hz,H-17),1.96(1H,m,H-15b),2.18(2H,o,H-7b,H-20),2.37(1H,m,H-4b),3.01(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,qui H-4),3.37(8H,o,H-3,6,26ab,qui H-2,3,5,rha H-4),3.62(1H,dd,J=11.5,4.6 Hz,H-23),3.69(1H,dd,J=9.5,3.3 Hz,rha H-3),3.93(1H,dd,J=3.3,1.7 Hz,rha H-2),3.99(1H,m,rha H-5),4.26(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,qui H-1),4.72(1H,q,J=7.0 Hz,H-16),5.14(1H,q,J=1.3 Hz,rha H-1)。13CNMR(CD3OD,150 MHz)δ:38.5(C-1),31.8(C-2),71.8(C-3),32.6(C-4),51.7(C-5),80.5(C-6),41.7(C-7),35.0(C-8),55.1(C-9),37.6(C-10),22.1(C-11),41.2(C-12),42.3(C-13),56.7(C-14),34.6(C-15),85.2(C-16),64.2(C-17),16.5(C-18),13.9(C-19),43.7(C-20),17.2(C-21),113.4(C-22),70.7(C-23),37.6(C-24),31.8(C-25),69.5(C-26),16.8(C-27),105.1(qui C-1),76.3(qui C-2),84.3(qui C-3),75.7(qui C-4),72.9(qui C-5),18.4(qui C-6),102.7(rha C-1),72.2(rha C-2),72.3(rha C-3),73.9(rha C-4),70.0(rha C-5),17.9(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[6]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Trovoside L。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:741.441 9[M+H]+,分子式为C39H64O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD,600 MHz)δ:0.68(1H,td,J=12.2,3.8 Hz,H-9),0.77(3H,d,J=6.6 Hz,Me-27),0.81(3H,s,Me-18),0.87(3H,s,Me-19),0.95(1H,q,J=12.2 Hz,H-7a),1.02(1H,td,J=14.0,3.7 Hz,H-1a),1.09(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,Me-21),1.16(4H,o,H-4a,5,12a,14),1.24(3H,d,J=6.2 Hz,rha Me-6),1.27(1H,m,H-15a),1.28(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.31(1H,dd,J=13.1,3.4 Hz,H-11b),1.40(1H,m,H-2a),1.64(8H,o,H-1b,2b,8,11a,12b,17,24ab),1.98(1H,m,H-15b),2.04(1H,m,H-25),2.17(1H,dt,J=12.2,3.8 Hz,H-7b),2.25(1H,m,H-20),2.37(1H,m,H-4b),3.01(1H,t,J=9.2 Hz,qui H-4),3.27(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,qui H-2),3.38(6H,o,H-3,6,26a,qui H-4,5,rha H-3),3.46(1H,m,H-26b),3.52(1H,t,J=2.6 Hz,H-23),3.69(1H,dd,J=9.5,3.3 Hz,rha H-3),3.93(1H,m,rha H-2),3.99(1H,m,rha H-5),4.26(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,qui H-1),4.46(1H,q,J=7.7 Hz,H-16),5.14(1H,d,J=1.4 Hz,rha H-1)。13C-NMR(CD3OD,150 MHz)δ:38.5(C-1),31.8(C-2),71.8(C-3),32.7(C-4),51.8(C-5),80.4(C-6),41.7(C-7),35.3(C-8),55.1(C-9),37.5(C-10),22.0(C-11),40.7(C-12),42.1(C-13),57.5(C-14),32.9(C-15),82.4(C-16),65.7(C-17),16.7(C-18),13.8(C-19),41.7(C-20),17.0(C-21),110.0(C-22),71.0(C-23),37.6(C-24),25.0(C-25),67.5(C-26),17.4(C-27),105.1(qui C-1),76.4(qui C-2),84.3(qui C-3),75.7(qui C-4),72.9(qui C-5),18.4(qui C-6),102.8(rha C-1),72.3(rha C-2),72.2(rha C-3),74.0(rha C-4),70.0(rha C-5),17.9(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[6]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Trovoside J。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:741.441 9[M+H]+,分子式为C39H64O13。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.60(1H,t,J=12.6 Hz,H-9),0.83(3H,s,Me-18),0.83(3H,s,Me-19),0.94(1H,m,H-1a),1.09(2H,o,H-12a,H-14),1.19(2H,o,H-7a,11a),1.29(1H,t,J=11.1 Hz,H-5),1.44(2H,o,H-11b,H-15a),1.49(3H,d,J=7.0 Hz,Me-27),1.52(1H,d,J=6.7 Hz,Me-21),1.60(1H,d,J=5.8 Hz,rha Me-6),1.66(1H,d,J=5.9 Hz,qui Me-6),1.66(4H,o,H-1b,4a,8,12b),1.70(2H,o,H-2a,H-25),1.81(2H,o,H-17,24a),2.03(2H,m,H-2b,15b),2.33(1H,m,H-24b),2.49(1H,m,H-7b),2.62(1H,m,H-20),3.09(1H,m,H-4b),3.57(3H,o,H-6,26a,qui H-4),3.70(2H,o,H-3,qui H-5),3.96(1H,t,J=7.9 Hz,H-23),4.04(1H,brs,qui H-2),4.19(2H,o,H-26b,qui H-3),4.29(1H,t J=9.2 Hz,rha H-4),4.55(1H,m,rha H-3),4.62(1H,m,H-16),4.71(1H,d,J=7.5 Hz,qui H-1),4.75(1H,brs,rha H-2),4.92(1H,m,rha H-5),6.20(1H,s,rha H-1)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.7(C-1),31.9(C-2),70.6(C-3),32.9(C-4),51.2(C-5),79.4(C-6),41.3(C-7),34.2(C-8),53.8(C-9),36.6(C-10),21.2(C-11),39.9(C-12),40.7(C-13),56.4(C-14),32.3(C-15),81.5(C-16),64.5(C-17),16.5(C-18),13.6(C-19),40.7(C-20),17.2(C-21),110.4(C-22),70.0(C-23),34.4(C-24),27.2(C-25),65.3(C-26),20.5(C-27),105.4(qui C-1),76.1(qui C-2),83.2(qui C-3),75.1(qui C-4),72.6(qui C-5),18.6(qui C-6),102.8(rha C-1),72.6(rha C-2),72.4(rha C-3),75.1(rha C-4),69.8(rha C-5),18.8(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[7]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Trovoside K。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:727.427 0[M+H]+,分子式为C38H62O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD,600 MHz)δ:0.69(1H,td,J=12.0,5.5 Hz Hz,H-9),0.81(3H,s,Me-18),0.87(3H,s,Me-19),0.96(1H,q,J=12.4 Hz,H-7a),1.03(1H,td,J=13.9,3.5 Hz,H-1a),1.17(4H,o,H-4a,5,12a,14),1.27(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.26(1H,m,H-15a),1.32(1H,dd,J=13.5,4.2 Hz,H-11a),1.41(1H,m,H-2b),1.65(8H,o,H-1b,2a,8,11b,12b,17,24ab),1.98(1H,m,H-15b),2.05(1H,m,H-25),2.16(1H,dt,J=12.4,4.1 Hz,H-7b),2.26(1H,m,H-20),2.38(1H,m,H-4a),3.06(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,qui H-4),3.26(2H,o,xyl H-2,5a),3.32(1H,o,qui H-5),3.33(1H,o,xyl H-3),3.35(1H,o,qui H-2),3.40(7H,o,H-3,6,23,26ab,qui H-3,xyl H-4),3.90(1H,dd,J=11.4,5.4 Hz,xyl H-5b),4.32(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,qui H-1),4.46(1H,m,H-16),4.49(1H,d,J=7.6 Hz,xyl H-1)。13C-NMR(CD3OD,150 MHz)δ:38.4(C-1),31.8(C-2),71.8(C-3),32.7(C-4),51.7(C-5),80.4(C-6),41.5(C-7),35.3(C-8),55.0(C-9),37.5(C-10),22.0(C-11),40.7(C-12),42.0(C-13),57.4(C-14),32.9(C-15),82.4(C-16),64.6(C-17),16.7(C-18),13.8(C-19),41.7(C-20),17.0(C-21),110.0(C-22),71.0(C-23),37.5(C-24),25.0(C-25),67.5(C-26),17.3(C-27),104.8(qui C-1),75.1(qui C-2),87.6(qui C-3),75.2(qui C-4),72.7(qui C-5),18.2(qui C-6),105.9(xyl C-1),75.2(xyl C-2),77.6(xyl C-3),70.9(xyl C-4),67.1(xyl C-5)。上述数据与文献[6]报道基本一致,故鉴定为(22R,23S,25S)-3β,6α,23-trihydroxy-5α-spirostane-6-O-β-Dxylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-quinovo pyranoside。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:727.425 5[M+H]+,分子式为C38H62O13。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.60(1H,td,J=11.8,3.8 Hz,H-9),0.73(1H,d,J=6.5 Hz,Me-27),0.87(3H,s,Me-18),1.03(3H,s,Me-19),0.94(1H,td,J=14.3,3.8 Hz,H-1a),1.09(2H,o,H-12a,14),1.24(3H,7a,11a,15a),1.36(1H,t,J=1.3 Hz,H-5),1.50(1H,m,H-11b),1.53(3H,d,J=7.3 Hz,Me-21),1.59(1H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.67(5H,o,H-1b,2a,4a,8,12b),1.82(1H,m,H-25),1.94(1H,q,J=11.9 Hz,24a),2.05(2H,o,H-15b,24b),2.13(1H,m,H-2b),2.54(1H,q,J=12.9,4.7 Hz,H-7b),2.61(1H,m,H-20),3.20(1H,d,J=12.4 Hz,H-4b),3.70(7H,o,H-3,6,26a,qui H-2,4,5,xyl H-5),4.08(4H,o,H-23,qui H-3,xyl H-2,3),4.19(2H,o,H-26b,xyl H-4),4.33(1H,dd,J=11.0,3.8 Hz,xyl H-5b),4.85(1H,d,J=7.6 Hz,qui H-1),5.19(1H,q,J=7.1 Hz,H-16),5.26(1H,d,J=7.6 Hz,xyl H-1)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.6(C-1),32.9(C-2),70.7(C-3),34.0(C-4),51.2(C-5),79.2(C-6),41.3(C-7),34.0(C-8),538(C-9),36.6(C-10),21.2(C-11),40.1(C-12),41.2(C-13),55.6(C-14),34.0(C-15),84.1(C-16),63.5(C-17),16.9(C-18),13.4(C-19),42.8(C-20),16.6(C-21),112.8(C-22),70.4(C-23),38.3(C-24),31.9(C-25),68.7(C-26),16.9(C-27),105.0(qui C-1),74.6(qui C-2),87.4(qui C-3),74.7(qui C-4),72.1(qui C-5),18.5(qui C-6),106.3(xyl C-1),75.2(xyl C-2),78.0(xyl C-3),70.7(xyl C-4),67.2(xyl C-5)。上述数据与文献[2]报道基本一致,故鉴定为(22R,23R,25S)-3β,6α,23-trihydroxy-5α-spirostane-6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-quinovo pyranoside。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:449.326 3[M+H]+,分子式为C27H44O5。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.71(1H,t,J=12.0 Hz,H-9),0.86(3H,s,Me-18),0.88(3H,s,Me-19),3.57(1H,d,J=11.2 Hz,H-26a),4.07(1H,m,H-23),4.22(1H,dd,J=10.9,2.9 Hz,H-26b),4.68(1H,m,H-16)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:38.0(C-1),32.3(C-2),70.9(C-3),33.7(C-4),52.7(C-5),68.5(C-6),42.8(C-7),34.4(C-8),54.2(C-9),36.5(C-10),21.2(C-11),39.9(C-12),40.8(C-13),56.4(C-14),32.4(C-15),81.5(C-16),64.5(C-17),13.7(C-18),16.5(C-19),41.1(C-20),17.2(C-21),110.4(C-22),70.0(C-23),33.4(C-24),27.2(C-25),65.1(C-26),20.4(C-27)。上述数据与文献[8]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Spirostan-3,6,23-triol,(3β,5α,6β,23S,25R)。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:741.442 2[M+H]+,分子式为C38H64O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD,600 MHz)δ:0.82(3H,s,Me-18),0.87(3H,s,Me-19),1.11(1H,t,J=7.0 Hz,Me-21),1.16(2H,o,H-5,20),1.20(3H,d,J=7.3 Hz,Me-27),1.27(3H,d,J=6.2 Hz,qui H3-6),3.26(1H,t,J=8.3 Hz,H-26a),3.34(1H,o,H-3),3.40(2H,o,H-6,qui H-3),3.97(1H,m,H-26b)4.26(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,qui H-1),4.47(1H,m,H-16),5.13(1H,s,rha H-1)。13C-NMR(CD3OD,150 MHz)δ:35.3(C-1),32.9(C-2),80.4(C-3),41.6(C-4),51.8(C-5),72.3(C-6),32.9(C-7),35.3(C-8),55.1(C-9),37.6(C-10),22.0(C-11),40.8(C-12),42.1(C-13),57.4(C-14),31.8(C-15),82.6(C-16),65.4(C-17),16.8(C-18),13.8(C-19),41.0(C-20),16.9(C-21),111.4(C-22),71.1(C-23),34.6(C-24),28.0(C-25),66.3(C-26),20.2(C-27)。105.1(qui C-1),76.4(qui C-2),84.3(qui C-3),75.7(qui C-4),73.0(qui C-5),18.9(qui C-6),102.8(rha C-1),72.2(rha C-2),71.8(rha C-3),74.0(rha C-4),70.0(rha C-5),18.4(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[9]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Spirotorvoside。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:727.427 7[M+H]+,分子式为C38H62O13。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.81(3H,s,Me-18),1.00(3H,s,Me-19),1.13(1H,d,J=7.1 Hz,Me-21),1.21(1H,d,J=6.9 Hz,Me-27),1.61(1H,d,J=6.0 Hz,qui Me-6),3.32(1H,d,J=11.1 Hz,H-26a),3.64(2H,o,qui H-4,xyl H-5a),3.77(3H,o,H-3,6,qui H-5),4.01(1H,dd,J=11.1,2.4 Hz,H-26b),4.08(3H,o,qui H-2,3,xyl H-2),4.19(2H,o,xyl H-3,4),4.33(1H,o,xyl H-5b),4.83(1H,d,J=7.5 Hz,qui H-1),5.27(1H,d,J=7.7 Hz,xyl H-1)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.5(C-1),31.8(C-2),70.7(C-3),32.9(C-4),51.0(C-5),79.3(C-6),41.1(C-7),33.8(C-8),53.6(C-9),37.5(C-10),21.0(C-11),40.1(C-12),41.1(C-13),56.1(C-14),32.9(C-15),81.4(C-16),62.1(C-17),16.6(C-18),13.3(C-19),37.5(C-20),14.3(C-21),112.2(C-22),63.1(C-23),36.5(C-24),30.2(C-25),64.0(C-26),17.3(C-27),105.0(qui C-1),74.6(qui C-2),87.4(qui C-3),75.1(qui C-4),72.0(qui C-5),18.4(qui C-6),106.2(xyl C-1),74.6(xyl C-2),78.0(xyl C-3),70.7(xyl C-4),67.2(xyl C-5)。上述数据与文献[10]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Paniculonin A。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:741.442 9[M+H]+,分子式为C39H65O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD,600 MHz)δ:0.68(1H,td,J=12.1,3.8 Hz,H-9),0.94(1H,o,H-7a),1.09(3H,d,J=7.1 Hz,Me-27),0.84(3H,s,Me-18),0.6(3H,s,Me-19),1.02(1H,td,J=13.3,3.2 Hz,H-1a),1.17(4H,o,H-4a,5,12a,H-14),1.24(3H,d,J=6.2 Hz,rha Me-6),1.28(3H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.33(1H,dd,J=16.4,3.5 Hz,H-11a),1.40(2H,o,H-2b,15a),1.54(1H,dd,J=13.6,2.9 Hz,H-11b),1.70(6H,o,H-1b,2a,8,12b,17,24a),1.89(1H,m,H-25),1.94(1H,m,H-24b),1.95(1H,m,H-15b),2.17(1H,dt,J=12.4,4.0 Hz,H-7b),2.36(1H,m,H-4b),2.54(1H,m,H-20),3.01(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,qui H-4),3.19(1H,d,J=11.2 Hz,H-26a),3.26(1H,dd,J=8.8,8.1 Hz,qui H-2),3.31(1H,m,qui H-5),3.39(3H,o,H-6,qui H-3,rha H-4),3.46(1H,m,H-3),3.68(2H,td,J=9.6,3.3 Hz,H-23,rha H-3),3.83(1H,dd,J=10.9,1.8 Hz,H-26b),3.93(1H,dd,J=3.1,1.7 Hz,rha H-2),3.98(1H,m,rha H-5),4.26(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz,qui H-1),4.43(1H,m,H-16),5.13(1H,d,J=1.3 Hz,rha H-1)。13C-NMR(CD3OD,150 MHz)δ:38.4(C-1),31.8(C-2),71.8(C-3),32.7(C-4),51.7(C-5),80.5(C-6),41.7(C-7),35.0(C-8),53.8(C-9),37.6(C-10),22.1(C-11),41.3(C-12),42.2(C-13),57.4(C-14),32.6(C-15),82.6(C-16),63.1(C-17),17.0(C-18),13.8(C-19),37.0(C-20),14.3(C-21),112.7(C-22),63.9(C-23),35.9(C-24),31.3(C-25),65.0(C-26),17.6(C-27),105.1(qui C-1),76.4(qui C-2),84.3(qui C-3),75.7(qui C-4),72.9(qui C-5),18.4(qui C-6),102.8(rha C-1),72.3(rha C-2),72.2(rha C-3),75.7(rha C-4),72.9(rha C-5),17.9(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[6]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Paniculonin B。
淡黄色无定形粉末。HR-ESI-MSm/z:705.475 5[M+H]+,分子式为C44H72O19。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.58(1H,t,J=10.3 Hz,H-14),0.82(1H,o,Hz,H-9),0.93(1H,o,H-1a),0.85(3H,s,Me-19),0.88(3H,d,J=7.7 Hz,Me-27),1.01(1H,m,12a),1.02(2H,o,H-1a,15a),1.12(3H,s,Me-18),1.20(3H,o,H-7a,11a,15b),1.32(1H,t,J=10.4 Hz,H-5),1.43(1H,m,11b),1.48(1H,d,J=5.8 Hz,qui Me-6),1.61(5H,o,H-1b,4a,8,23a,24a),1.85(1H,o,24b,25),1.99(1H,m,2a),2.10(3H,s,Me-21),2.10(1H,o,12a),2.40(4H,o,2b,7b,15b,23b),3.14(1H,d,J=10.1 Hz,H-4b),3.40(1H,t,J=6.5 Hz,qui H-4),3.54(1H,t,J=7.9 Hz,xyl H-2),3.68(4H,o,H-3,6,qui H-5,xyl H-5a),3.86(1H,m,glc H-5),3.97(4H,o,H-26,qui H-2,3,glc H-2),4.09(4H,m,xyl H-3,4 ,glc H-3,4),4.27(2H,td,J=10.6,5.2 Hz,xyl H-5b,glc H-6b),4.46(1H,d,J=10.6 Hz,glc H-6a),4.72(1H,d,J=7.5 Hz,qui H-1),4.81(1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,glc H-1),5.14(1H,d,J=7.4 Hz,xyl H-1),4.46(1H,d,J=10.6 Hz,glc H-6a)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.5(C-1),31.9(C-2),70.4(C-3),32.9(C-4),51.2(C-5),78.6(C-6),40.7(C-7),33.2(C-8),53.5(C-9),36.5(C-10),20.6(C-11),38.0(C-12),42.4(C-13),53.7(C-14),35.0(C-15),75.1(C-16),66.4(C-17),13.8(C-18),13.4(C-19),205.6(C-20),30.4(C-21),173.0(C-22),32.0(C-23),28.7(C-24),33.3(C-25),74.9(C-26),16.8(C-27),104.7(qui C-1),74.7(qui C-2),87.4(qui C-3),3.40(qui C-4),72.1(qui C-5),18.5(qui C-6),106.2(xyl a C-1),74.5(xyl C-2),77.9(xyl C-3),70.6(xyl C-4),67.1(xyl C-5),104.8(glc C-1),75.0(glc C-2),78.3(glc C-3),71.4(glc C-4),78.2(glc C-5),62.5(glc C-6)。上述数据与文献[11]报道基本一致,故鉴定为(3β,5α,6α,25S)-3,6,26-三醇-20,22-裂环呋甾-20,22-二酮。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:655.369 4[M+H]+,分子式为C34H54O12。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.59(1H,m,H-9),0.71(3H,s,Me-18),0.83(3H,s,Me-19),0.96(3H,o,H-1a,12a,14),1.18(2H,o,H-7a,11a),1.25(1H,d,J=7.5 Hz,Me-21),1.30(1H,m,H-5),1.44(2H,o,H-8,11b),1.61(3H,o,H-1b,4b,12b),1.66(1H,d,J=6.0 Hz,qui Me-6),1.72(1H,o,H-2a),1.73(1H,d,J=6.1 Hz,rha Me-6),1.73(1H,o,H-17),2.04(1H,m,H-2b),2.13(1H,m,H-15a),2.46(1H,m,H-7b),2.66(1H,m,H-20),3.19(1H,m,H-15b),3.71(4H,o,H-3,6,qui H-4,5),4.06(1H,d,J=8.1 Hz,qui H-2),4.29(1H,d,J=9.0 Hz,qui H-3),4.37(1H,t,J=9.0 Hz,rha H-4),4.63(1H,dd,J=9.0,3.6 Hz,rha H-2),4.80(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz,qui H-1),4.84(2H,o,H-16,rha H-3),5.02(1H,o,rha H-5),6.32(3H,s,rha H-1)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:38.1(C-1),32.1(C-2),70.5(C-3),33.1(C-4),51.3(C-5),78.9(C-6),41.2(C-7),33.7(C-8),53.8(C-9),36.6(C-10),20.7(C-11),37.7(C-12),41.7(C-13),54.4(C-14),33.1(C-15),82.6(C-16),58.9(C-17),13.8(C-18),13.4(C-19),36.3(C-20),17.8(C-21),181.8(C-22),105.5(qui C-1),76.2(qui C-2),83.2(qui C-3),75.2(qui C-4),72.7(qui C-5),18.8(qui C-6),103.0(rha C-1),72.7(rha C-2),72.6(rha C-3),74.1(rha C-4),69.9(rha C-5),18.6(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[12]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Solanolactoside A。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MS m/z:625.357 9[M+H]+,分子式为C34H56O11。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.63(1H,t,J=11.2 Hz,H-9),0.83(3H,s,Me-19),0.85(1H,o,H-1a),0.87(3H,s,Me-18),1.27(5H,o,H-5,7a,11a,12a,14),1.50(2H,o,H-1b,11b),1.58(2H,o,H-4a,8),1.64(1H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.67(1H,o,H-2a),1.70(1H,d,J=6.1 Hz,rha Me-6),1.86(1H,dd,J=16.1,12.3 Hz,H-15a),2.03(1H,d,J=11.0 Hz,H-2b),2.14(1H,m,H-15b),2.20(3H,s,Me-21),2.51(1H,dt,J=8.2,4.2 Hz,H-7b),2.56(1H,m,H-12b),3.70(4H,o,H-3,6,qui H-4,5),3.25(1H,d,J=12.4 Hz,H-4b),4.04(1H,t,J=8.2 Hz,qui H-2),4.28(1H,t,J=9.1 Hz,qui H-3),4.34(1H,t,J=9.2 Hz,rha H-4),4.60(1H,dd,J=9.2,3.2 Hz,rha H-3),4.80(1H,d,J=7.8 Hz,qui H-1),4.82(1H,brs,rha H-2),5.01(1H,dd,J=9.2,6.2 Hz,rha H-5),6.30(3H,s,rha H-1),6.52(1H,s,H-16)。13C-NMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.4(C-1),32.1(C-2),70.5(C-3),33.1(C-4),51.6(C-5),78.9(C-6),41.0(C-7),32.7(C-8),54.3(C-9),36.7(C-10),21.2(C-11),35.1(C-12),46.4(C-13),32.1(C-14),31.1(C-15),144.6(C-16),155.2(C-17),16.2(C-18),13.4(C-19),196.2(C-20),27.0(C-21),105.5(qui C-1),76.3(qui C-2),83.2(qui C-3),75.2(qui C-4),72.6(qui C-5),18.8(qui C-6),103.0(rha C-1),72.7(rha C-2),72.8(rha C-3),74.1(rha C-4),69.9(rha C-5),18.6(rha C-6)。上述数据与文献[13]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Torvpregnanosides A。
白色无定形固体。HR-ESI-MSm/z:611.342 8[M+H]+,分子式为C33H52O11。1H-NMR(C5D5N,600 MHz)δ:0.68(1H,t,J=10.7 Hz,H-9),0.88(3H,s,Me-19),0.90(3H,s,Me-18),0.91(1H,m,H-1a),1.33(5H,o,H-5,7a,11a,12a,14),1.55(2H,o,H-1b,11b),1.62(1H,d,J=6.1 Hz,qui Me-6),1.72(3H,o,H-2a,4a,8),1.90(1H,dt,J=12.3,4.2 Hz,H-15a),2.03(1H,d,J=11.0 Hz,H-2b),2.14(1H,m,H-15b),2.23(3H,s,Me-21),2.51(1H,dt,J=8.2,4.2 Hz,H-7b),2.56(1H,m,H-12b),3.65(1H,t,J=8.9 Hz,qui H-4),3.76(4H,o,H-3,6,qui H-5,xyl H-5a),3.25(1H,m,H-4b),4.10(3H,o,qui H-2,3,xyl H-2),4.20(2H,o,xyl H-3,4),4.34(1H,dd,J=11.8,5.0 Hz,xyl H-5b),5.28(1H,d,J=7.6 Hz,xyl H-1),6.56(1H,s,H-16)。13CNMR(C5D5N,150 MHz)δ:37.5(C-1),32.2(C-2),70.5(C-3),33.2(C-4),51.7(C-5),79.0(C-6),41.1(C-7),32.8(C-8),54.4(C-9),36.8(C-10),21.2(C-11),35.2(C-12),46.5(C-13),56.3(C-14),32.1(C-15),144.7(C-16),155.2(C-17),16.2(C-18),13.5(C-19),196.3(C-20),27.1(C-21),105.2(qui C-1),74.9(qui C-2),87.5(qui C-3),74.7(qui C-4),72.4(qui C-5),18.7(qui C-6),106.5(xyl C-1),75.4(xyl C-2),78.2(xyl C-3),70.9(xyl C-4),67.4(xyl C-5)。上述数据与文献[12]报道基本一致,故鉴定为Torvpregnanosides B。
本研究对牛茄子叶95%乙醇洗脱组分进行了系统的化学成分分离,共得到15 个甾体类化合物,其中化合物1、2、8、9、10、11、13、14、15 首次从牛茄子中分离出来。本文进一步阐明了牛茄子叶化学成分,为牛茄子叶的进一步开发利用提供了科学依据。