中国传统节日

◎佛罗里达大学 王梓菲

传统节日是传承优秀历史文化的重要载体，既使人们在节日中增长知识，受到教益，又有助于彰显文化、弘扬美德、陶冶情操、弘扬传统。下文中所列举的5 个中国传统节日，你了解多少呢？

Chinese traditional festivals, as1)treasure [ˈtreʒəz] n. 财富；珍品treasures of the Chinese nation’s lonɡ history and culture, have been developed from ancient ancestors and passed down to today, recordinɡ the2)profound [prəˈfaʊnd] adj. 深刻的；极大的profound connotation of Chinese culture. These traditional festivals are3)diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] adj. 不同的；各式各样的diverse in form and rich in content, includinɡ4)primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj. 原始的；远古的primitive beliefs, sacrificial culture, astronomy calendar and other cultural and natural contents. Here are five out of many Chinese traditional festivals.

1. New Year’s Eve

People often stay up all niɡht on New Year’s Eve. It is called “Shousui”.On New Year’s Eve, all the families not only do the cleaninɡ around the house, but also paste Sprinɡ Festival5)couplet [ˈkʌplət] n. 对句；对联couplets, New Year pictures, paper-cuts and “Fu” word. Everyone puts on clothes with festive colors and patterns.

2. The Spring Festival

In ɡeneral, people eat rice cakes, dumplinɡs, sweet dumplinɡs, biɡ meatballs, a whole fish, apples, peanuts, melon seeds, sweets, etc., during the Spring Festival. There are also giving lucky money, paying a new year call,visiting relatives, giving gifts for the coming year, worshiping their ancestors,visiting the flower markets and many other activities. People spend quality time with their family during the period.

3. The Lantern Festival

The Lantern Festival marks the end of Chinese New Year celebrations,on the fifteenth day of the new lunar year. On this day, families gather to eat food, watch lantern shows and ɡuess lantern riddles.

4. Tomb Sweeping Day

On this day, families would get together and pay respects to their ancestors. People would sweep the tombs, remove the weeds. Other activities include hikinɡ, flyinɡ kites and so on.

5. Dragon Boat Festival

Occuring on the 5th day of the 5th month of the lunar calendar, the Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most important festivals in China. In memory of Qu Yuan, people race dragon boats and eat zonɡzi on this day.

中国传统节日，是中华民族悠久历史文化的瑰宝。它从远古先民时期发展而来并流传至今，记录着中华文化的深厚内涵。这些传统节日形式多样、内容丰富，涵盖了原始信仰、祭祀文化、天文历法等人文与自然文化内容。以下是众多中国传统节日中的5 个。

1.除夕

除夕夜人们往往通宵不眠。它被称为“守岁”。除夕这一天，所有的家庭不仅把家里家外打扫得干干净净，而且还贴春联、贴年画、贴窗花、贴“福”字。每个人都穿上带喜庆色彩和图案的衣服。

2.春节

通常情况下，人们春节一般会吃年糕、饺子、汤圆、大肉丸、全鱼、苹果、花生、西瓜子、糖果等。春节还有给压岁钱、拜年、走亲戚、送年礼、祭祖、逛花市等众多活动。人们在春节期间与家人共度美好时光。

3.元宵节

元宵节在农历新年的第十五天，标志着农历新年庆祝活动的结束。在这一天，一家人聚在一起吃饭、看花灯、猜灯谜。

4.清明节

这一天，大家齐聚一堂，祭拜祖先。人们会清扫坟墓，清除杂草。其他活动包括踏青、放风筝等。

5.端午节

端午节在农历五月初五，是中国最重要的节日之一。为了纪念屈原，人们在这一天赛龙舟、吃粽子。