服务业扩大开放综合试点一周年“重庆经验”实现良好开局

杨艳

The First Anniversary of Comprehensive Pilot Programs to Further Open Up the Service Sector

The “Chongqing Experience”， A Promising Start

Among the five provinces/cities launching comprehensive pilot programs to further open up the service sector， Chongqing is the only one in central and western China. Since the approval in April 2021， Chongqing， centering on the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan， has focused on building a pioneering zone for the development of the modern service sector in inland China， enhanced the top-level design and system integration， and firmly promoted the opening-up of key areas of the services sector.

After a year of innovative practice and reform， how was the implementation？ What are the highlights？ And what is the “Chongqing Experience”？

On May 17th， at the press conference on the 1st anniversary of Chongqing’s comprehensive pilot programs to further open up the service sector， Zhang Yongwu， Director-General and Secretary of the Leading Party Members Group of the Chongqing Municipal Commission of Commerce， briefed Chongqing’s remarkable achievements made in the opening-up of the service sector over the last year： 1） among the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan approved by the State Council， 69 have been carried out， accounting for 80.2%; 2） more than 40 pioneering and differentiated reforms have been conducted; 3） 356 modern service projects have been launched; 4） 55 supporting policies for the trails have been introduced.

The Implementation of the 69 Tasks of the Overall Plan

In the opening-up of key areas， based on local characteristics， Chongqing focuses on science and technology， commerce， education， finance， healthcare， electricity， telecommunication， etc. to empower the high-quality development of the service sector citywide. The programs include conferring the ownership or rights of long-term use of job-related scientific and technological achievements on scientific researchers， as well as a number of pioneering and differentiated pilot programs， such as the “Sci-Tech Cross-Border Loans” and the “Exchange Guarantee”， which have yielded fruitful results with innovative cases， enterprises that launched projects， and effective reforms. The pilot program for imported goods exhibition and trade was also launched.

In terms of optimizing the business environment， Chongqing has aligned itself with high-standard international economic and trade rules， broadened market access， reformed regulation models， and strengthened guarantee for market factors， continuously optimizing the business environment that is market-oriented， law-based， and internationalized. Specific measures include： 1） implementing the negative list of market access across the board to facilitate investment and trade services; 2） establishing the Western China Data Exchange and introducing data regulations to reinforce the protection of data and intellectual property rights; 3） setting up a “fast track” for people-to-people exchange for Chinese and international personnel and building the Chongqing Talent Service Hub to guarantee the support of human resources.

Chongqing has also actively engaged in and served major national strategies. A number of demonstration zones， parks， and projects have been built， creating a pattern with distinctive features that support the opening-up and development of the service sector， striving to lead all-round opening-up and innovation-driven development of the service sector. Based on fully carrying out the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan， the city proper of Chongqing has put forward over 60 featured innovation reform tasks and launched 37 innovation cases including the public service platform of intellectual property rights， “One Code for All” for businesses， and risk classification and supervision of market entities.

“After the approval by the Central Government， the pilot programs went well in the first year， indicating a promising start. As we are entering the second year， we need to further strengthen our efforts for better results by fully implementing all 86 pilot projects and delivering a number of demonstrative cases of policy innovation to land more projects in Chongqing”， said Zhang. Chongqing will speed up efforts to build a pioneering zone for the development of the modern service sector in inland China and facilitate greater opening-up， for a sustained and healthy socio-economic development in Chongqing.

In-depth Implementation of the Comprehensive Pilot Programs to Further Open Up the Service Sector

According to Zhang， a three-year comprehensive trial to further open up the service sector was launched with three phases： a promising start in the first year， a good momentum in the second， and achievements in the last.

In the second year， Chongqing will， centering on the goal of building “a pioneering zone of the development of the modern service sector in inland China”， fully implement and fulfill the tasks of the comprehensive trial， facilitate institutional reforms， and the launching of projects. A new landscape of open development of the service sector will be formed at a faster pace. More specifically， efforts will be intensified in the following four aspects：

1.Optimizing the business environment and building an international-standard economic and trade pilot zone.

A business environment that is market-oriented， law-based， and internationalized is the foundation， guaranteeing the openness of the service sector. Chongqing will， keeping in line with the high-standard international economic and trade rules， explore a new pattern to administer the negative lists of trade in services and carry out trails of policies in fields such as cross-border data mobility， multimodal transport， and intellectual property rights to develop innovative ways that are applicable to more fields.

2.Promoting the mobility of high-end resources and developing a cluster of modern services.

We will promote the integrated development of manufacturing and producer services， improve the policy system of the modern service sector， and deepen reforms to streamline administration， delegate power， improve regulation and upgrade services in terms of mutual recognition of cross-border professional qualifications， the approval for contents and locations of online games， and the approval for investments. With these efforts， we will keep improving services and continue to facilitate investments and trade.

3.Promoting innovation of institutions and mechanisms and building a demonstration zone for the development of the modern service sector in inland China.

We will promote openness in key areas， proactively deepen reforms and seek innovations in many sectors including finance， science and technology， digital trade， education， and medical care， thus making more innovative and differentiated achievements， launching more pragmatic projects， and delivering better services.

4.Facilitating all-round opening-up in Chongqing and speeding up efforts to become an inland opening-up pioneer.

Chongqing will redouble efforts to lead the Belt and Road cooperation， and give full play to its channels and platforms to strengthen the openness and cooperation in the service sector including logistics and finance of countries along the BRI. Efforts will be intensified to facilitate the coordinated opening-up in the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-Hub Mega-Region， and advance the development， transformation， and upgrading of modern services in neighboring regions. We will implement a category-based all-round opening-up， making the metropolitan area of Chongqing the major player in the open development of modern services surrounding high-end services and producer services. Additionally， in the urban clusters of the Three Gorges Reservoir in northeast Chongqing and the Wuling Mountain Area in southeast Chongqing， we will add momentum to the local featured industries such as commerce， culture， and tourism by expanding openness in services. A new all-round and differentiated opening-up pattern will be established by taking the abovementioned steps.

Photo/Municipal Commission of Commerce， Western （Chongqing） Science City Administration

作為全国五个之一、中西部唯一开展综合试点的省市，重庆自去年4月综合试点获批以来，围绕总体方案86项试点任务，聚焦内陆现代服务业发展先行区建设，强化顶层设计、系统集成，扎实推进服务业重点领域开放。

经过一年创新实践和改革探索，重庆实施得如何？有哪些亮点？形成了哪些“重庆经验”？

5月17日，重庆市服务业扩大开放综合试点一周年新闻发布会上，市商务委党组书记、主任章勇武介绍了一年来重庆服务业扩大开放取得的显著成效：国务院批复的试点总体方案86项任务已实施69项，实施率80.2%，开展首创性差异化改革探索40余项，356个现代服务业项目落地，出台试点配套政策文件55个。

总体方案任务已实施69项

在聚焦重点领域开放方面，立足重庆特色，聚焦科技、商业、教育、金融、健康医疗、电力电信等重点行业领域服务业扩大开放，赋能全市服务业高质量发展。包括开展赋予科研人员职务科技成果所有权或长期使用权试点，实现“科技跨境贷”“汇保通”等一批见创新案例、见项目企业、见改革效果的首创性差异化试点成果，开展进口商品展示交易创新试点等。

在聚焦环境优化方面，对标高标准国际经贸规则，放宽市场准入，改革监管模式，强化要素保障，市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境持续优化。全面实施市场准入负面清单制度，优化贸易投资便利化服务;成立西部数据交易中心、出台数据条例，强化数据和知识产权保护;设立中外人员往来“快捷通道”，建设重庆英才服务港，强化人才保障。

在聚焦示范引領方面，重庆主动融入和服务国家重大战略，培育建设一批示范区、示范园、示范项目，打造特色明显、多点支撑的服务业开放发展空间格局，努力在全方位开放和服务业创新发展中发挥示范带动作用。中心城区各区在全面落实综合试点总体方案86项任务的基础上，提出60余项特色创新改革任务，共形成知识产权运营公共服务平台、“一码通行”模式、市场主体风险分级分类监管等37个创新案例。

“试点获批一年来，我们实现了良好开局。试点第二年要更见成效，推动86条试点任务全面落实，形成一批制度创新成果案例，推动更多示范带动项目落地。”章勇武说，重庆将加快打造内陆现代服务业发展先行区，助推内陆开放高地建设，更好服务全市经济社会持续健康发展。

深化服务业扩大开放综合试点成果

章勇武介绍，服务业扩大开放综合试点为期三年，一年起步，两年见成效，三年出成果。

试点第二年重庆将紧紧围绕“打造内陆现代服务业发展先行区”这一目标，全面推动综合试点任务落实、制度创新和项目落地，加快形成服务业开放发展新格局。其中，将在四个方面深化试点成果。

一是优化营商环境，建设对标国际经贸规则先行区。市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境，是服务业开放的根本保障，重庆将对标高标准国际经贸规则，探索实施服务贸易负面清单管理模式，在数据跨境流动、多式联运、知识产权等规则方面先行先试，探索形成更多可复制可推广的创新做法。

二是推动高端资源要素流动，打造现代服务业集聚高地。推动制造业与生产性服务业融合发展，完善现代服务业发展政策体系，在跨境人才职业资质互认、网络游戏内容属地审核、投资项目审批等方面深化“放管服”改革，不断提升服务效能，促进投资贸易便利化。

三是推动体制机制创新，建设内陆服务业改革创新示范区。推动重点领域开放，积极探索金融、科技、数字贸易、教育、医疗等领域深化改革创新，形成更多首创性差异化改革成果，落地更多项目成果和优质服务。

四是推动全方位开放，加快建设内陆开放高地。围绕在共建“一带一路”中发挥带动作用，发挥通道、平台优势，强化沿线国家物流、金融等服务业领域开放合作。推动成渝地区双城经济圈协同开放，联动促进周边地区现代服务业发展和转型升级。分类推进全域开放，推动主城都市区围绕高端服务业、生产性服务业打造全市现代服务业开放发展的主承载区;推动渝东北三峡库区城镇群和渝东南武陵山区城镇群，围绕优势特色产业扩大服务业开放，做大商贸、文旅等特色产业。构建起全域开放、各具特色的服务业开放新格局。

部分图片/西部（重庆）科学城管委会提供

1） Among the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan approved by the State Council， 69 have been carried out， accounting for 80.2%; 2） more than 40 pioneering and differentiated reforms have been conducted; 3） 356 modern service projects have been launched; 4） 55 supporting policies for the trails have been introduced.

国务院批复的试点总体方案86项任务已实施69项，实施率80.2%，开展首创性差异化改革探索40余项，356个现代服务业项目落地，出台试点配套政策文件55个。