Exploration of Experimental Teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on "Five-in-One" Practice Teaching System

Zhiying WEI, Shenggao YIN, Jie LIANG, Chengsheng LU, Fangchan LI, Zhenzhen PAN, Kuikui CHEN, Xiaojiao PAN

Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China

Abstract Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine is a compulsory comprehensive professional course for Chinese pharmacy major, and it is the necessary knowledge for modern Chinese pharmacy talents. In this paper, the experimental teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine under the "five-in-one" practice teaching mode of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine was explored to provide reference for the experimental teaching of the course Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Key words Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Five-in-one, Experimental teaching

1 Introduction

Chinese pharmacy is a very practical profession. Only with the ability to apply what you have learned can you become an applied and innovative Chinese pharmacy professional. Combining the needs of Guangxi’s social and economic development and the development of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine focuses on the combination of theory and practice in the training process of Chinese pharmacy professionals. After years of exploration and practice, it has established a "five-in-one" practice teaching system with students as the main body and experiments, practical training, internships, internships, and second classrooms as the main links, aiming to cultivate applied traditional Chinese medicine talents who understand knowledge and meet the needs of modern society. Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine is the comprehensive infiltration and application of multiple disciplines such as Chinese Materia Medica, Analytical Chemistry, Chinese Medicine Identification, Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Natural Medicine Chemistry, and Spectral Analysis[1-2]. It is a professional course and core course for Chinese medicine majors. It is guided by the theory of Chinese traditional Chinese medicine and uses modern analytical separation techniques to study analytical methods suitable for quality control and quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines and proprietary Chinese medicines, to measure efective substances and toxic and harmful ingredients, to evaluate quality, and to ensure the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine[3]. It is a modern scientific method to clarify the material basis of traditional Chinese medicine and verify its efficacy. In this paper, the experimental teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine based on the "five-in-one" practice teaching system in Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine was explored to provide reference for the teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

2 Setting of experimental course content

The experimental course content of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine is set to cultivate students who meet the needs of the society and improve students’ scientific research ability and practical operation ability, thereby deeply studying the needs of the development of the economy, society and the Chinese medicine industry for the knowledge, ability, and quality structure of Chinese medicine talents, and keeping up with the forefront of the development of the subject. It uses the national pharmacopoeia and other codes and regulations as the guidelines, docks the national practicing Chinese pharmacist examination, combines the original and hardware status of school teaching to revise the experimental syllabus, reform the experimental teaching method, rationally arrange the experimental teaching hours and content, optimize and reform the content of experimental courses as a whole, integrate experimental courses with similar content or nature, reduce demonstrative and confirmatory experiments, and increase the proportion of comprehensive and design experiments, and increases the proportion of modern precision analytical instruments such as high-performance liquid chromatography, meteorological chromatographs, gas-mass spectrometers, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometers, infrared spectrometers,etc.in practical teaching. Guangxi is located in the southern Xinjiang of the motherland, in the subtropical zone, and has a large number of extremely regional Chinese medicinal materials. Based on the regional economy, as well as the scientific research results of teachers in Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, almond leaves, mango leaves, mango cough tablets and other drugs with local characteristics were chosen as experimental research objects[4-9].

3 Experimental teaching method

Under the guidance of the "five-in-one" practical teaching system, from the perspective of students, according to the characteristics of modern students who like to go online, multimedia and network-assisted teaching is conducted by making full use of modern communication and information tools. Virtual simulation experiment platforms such as "Duifenyi", "WeChat-aided teaching" and campus online classrooms are used in the experimental teaching process. Multimedia is used for pre-class learning, and virtual simulation experimental platforms are used to carry out virtual pre-experiments. Digital interactive experimental systems are used to carry out interactive teaching. In the process of experimental teaching, teachers give experimental items and goals before class, and students search for materials and design the experimental plan according to specified task goals. Teachers review the experimental plan, point out the problems in the experimental plan. Students modify the experimental plan based on feedback, carry out virtual pre-experiments on the virtual simulation experiment platform, are familiar with the experimental plan, understand the use of equipment, and finally carry out practical experiments according to the experimental plan, debug the instrument, analyze experimental results, and complete the experiment report. It aims to change the experimental teaching mode of "repeating what the book says", guid students to change from "I have to learn" to "I want to learn", strengthen independent thinking and independent learning, cultivate students’ independent learning ability and the ability to find, analyze and solve problems, gradually establish a teaching model based on self-training, and enhance students’ comprehensive innovation ability, and establish students’ thinking mode of applying and researching Chinese medicine under the guidance of Chinese medicine theory.

In the experimental teaching, the teaching mode is based on the combination of teaching teachers and postgraduates and doctoral students as assistants. The experimental site is grouped and guided to further standardize the basic experimental operations of students; strengthen the use of various precision instruments, and refine the grouping of large-scale precision instruments. One-to-one guidance, that is, one computer and one teacher for a lifetime, so that each student completes the whole process of the experiment alone. In the course of the experiment, the organic combination of theoretical guidance and experimental consolidation theory should be strengthened to further consolidate students’ theoretical knowledge, establish scientific research practical thinking based on theoretical knowledge, and lay the foundation for students’ follow-up scientific research and production practice.

In the experimental teaching, grouping guidance is conducted in the experimental site to further standardize the basic experimental operations of students; it is needed to strengthen the use of various precision instruments, and refine the grouping of large-scale precision instruments, so that each student completes the whole process of the experiment alone. In the course of the experiment, the organic combination of theoretical guidance and experimental consolidation theory should be strengthened to further consolidate students’ theoretical knowledge, establish scientific research practical thinking based on theoretical knowledge, and lay the foundation for students’ follow-up scientific research and production practice.

4 Evaluation of experimental achievement

Achievement is an index to evaluate students’ learning outcome. Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine has established a whole-process evaluation standard and evaluation system for students under the "five-in-one" practical teaching system to comprehensively evaluate students’ knowledge, ability and quality. The experimental achievement of experimental teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine are comprehensively evaluated by the experimental operation skill assessment scores and the written results of experimental reports. Experiment reports contain thinking questions and discussion to guide students to summarize and sort out the related content of an experiment, discuss the experiment and related content, express their own opinions, raise questions or opinions, let teachers understand students’ learning situation, and improve learning effects. The evaluation results of experimental achievement and the course theory evaluation results are the summative evaluation of a student. Together with the formative evaluation, a formative evaluation report of students’ academic performance is carried out to evaluate students’ learning effect of the course.

Education is people-oriented. The experimental teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine is based on students. Under the guidance of the "five-in-one" practical teaching system, from the perspective of students and social needs, experimental plans are formulated, and experimental teaching methods are updated to achieve better teaching results, promote the development of the course Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and make a contribution to the cause of Chinese medicine.