多个维度用教材 一轮复习更出彩

湖北

目前，2021 届考生基本都进入了一轮复习阶段。而笔者注意到在一轮复习的过程中，或多或少地存在着下面这些问题：教材的利用率较低、教师较多地依赖复习资料、教师讲得多、教师与学生互动较少。由于2021 年是湖北省新高考的第一年，题型有很大的变化，因此，教师需要合理调整目前的备考现状以期更好地应对高考。在一轮复习中，教材是抓手，是一切基础知识的来源和依托。虽然我们现在使用的这套2005 年初审通过的高中英语人教版教材有一定的局限性，如某些单元知识有些陈旧、实用性不高、话题不能引起学生的共鸣等，但是教材是通过许多专家、学者和优秀一线教师的共同努力打造出来的，其含金量不可小觑。因此如果我们在一轮复习的过程中调整部分课文的复习方式，或许会事半功倍。下面笔者以高中英语人教版教材选修七Unit 5 Travelling abroad 为例来谈谈如何从多个维度利用好教材进行一轮复习。“travelling”是学生比较熟悉的话题之一，本单元包含出国学习和旅游两方面。现在出国留学的人越来越多，随着国际间交流的日益频繁，学生出国的机会也随之增多，所以这一单元可以以词汇为出发点，以实际使用为目标来设计，以体现话题的实用性。

一、听一听，回顾课文很重要

教师可先将单元的重点单词和易错点设空，然后把设好空的文章发给学生，先让学生对照含空文章听一遍课文录音，不动笔，再听第二遍，选取几个段落让学生填空。本课文之所以在第一、二和五段设空，是因为这里面涵盖的重点句型和词汇较多。另外，课文中其他段落的划线词也是这一课的重点词汇。一般情况下，每一单元的大部分重点知识点都集中在第一篇课文中，因此，教师特意让学生听一遍课文录音，既锻炼了学生的听力，也帮助学生回顾了课文，为后面的复习奠定了基础。这一环节的设置有一定难度，对学生的要求比较高，因为课文录音语速很快，虽然每一段教师都会暂停下来让学生填空，但学生稍不留神或对课文不够熟悉就会造成很多空不会填的现象。

KEEP IT UP，XIE LEI

Chinese student fitting in well

Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and b____（一 词 多 义）a plane for London.It was the first time she ____（句 型）(leave) her motherland.“After getting my visa I was very excited because I had dreamed of this day for so long.But I was also very nervous as I didn’t know what ____（句 型）(expect),”Xie Lei told me when I saw her waiting in a q____（本单元重点词）at the student c____（学生常用词）between l____（本单元重点词）.

Xie Lei,who is 21 years old,has come to our university to study for a business q____（本单元重点词）.She is halfway through the preparation year,which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.Xie Lei highly r____（本单元重点词）it.“The preparation course is most____（学生易错词）(benefit),” she said.“Studying here is quite different from studying in China,so you need some preparation first.”

“It’s not just study that’s difficult.You have to get used to a whole new way of life,which can take up all your concentration in the beginning,”explained Xie Lei,who had lived all her life in the same city in China.She told me that she had had to learn almost everything again.“Sometimes I felt like a child,”she said.“I had to learn how to use the phone,how to pay bus fare,and how to ask a shopkeeper for things I didn’t know the English for.When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions,I didn’t always understand.They don’t talk like they do in our listening tapes,”she said,laughing.

Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice.Although some foreign students live in student accommodation or apartments,some choose to board with English families.Living with host families,in which there may be other college students,gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.“When I hear an idiom that I don’t understand,I can ask my host family for help,”explains Xie Lei.“Also,when I miss my family,it’s a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.”

Xie Lei’s preparation course is helping her to get used to the a____ r____（本单元重点词）of a Western university.“I remember the first essay I did for my t_____（本单元重点词）,” she told me.“I found an article on the Internet that seemed to have exactly the information I needed.So I made a summary of the article,revised the draft and handed the essay in.I thought I would get a really good mark but I got an E.I was n____（本单元重点词） with shock! So I went to my tutor to ask the reason for his revision.First of all,he told me,I couldn’t write what other people had said without a____（本单元重点词） them.Besides,as far as he was c_____ （本单元重点词）,what other people thought was not the most important thing.He wanted to know what I thought,which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.My tutor explained that I should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions and analyse what I read.Then,in my essay,I should give my own opinion and explain it by referring to other authors.Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors I’d read! At first I lacked confidence,but now I’m beginning to get the idea and my marks have improved.More importantly,I am now a more a____（本单元难点词）learner.”

Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in English now,and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal.“ I’ve just got one more thing to achieve.I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.I think it’s important to have a balance between study and a social life,so I’m going to join a few clubs.Hopefully I’ll make some new friends.”

We will follow Xie Lei’s progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now,we wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise.She deserves to succeed.

二、说一说，总结大意有必要

除听课文录音外，让学生说出文章大意也很有必要。《普通高中英语课程标准（2017 年版2020 年修订）》指出,“高中英语教材着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，注重提高学生的思维能力和用英语表达的水平”。同时，在历年的高考英语中，总有几道文章大意归纳题难住了一部分学生。在这一环节，教师应让学生用英语来表达文章大意，一方面培养了学生的英语思维习惯，另一方面也训练了学生的归纳总结能力。在课堂上笔者发现，虽然在上新课的时候已经做过归纳文章大意的练习，但还是有很多学生并不能准确地把大意表述出来。这更说明在复习阶段抓住文本、解读文本大意是非常有必要的。

三、品一品，单元重点要抓牢

了解了文章大意之后，教师可让学生找一找这篇文章中最让人印象深刻的词和句子。建议每位同学最多找出三个词、三个句子，并说明选择的理由，如：可用于写作、阅读常见词汇或用法特殊等，此环节可以加深学生对所选择词句的印象。因为在新课阶段，学生已经梳理了一遍文章的重点词句，所以这个任务的难度不是很大，只是要求学生给出理由具有一点挑战性。在课堂上，如果学生找到了本单元重点，教师应请学生详细讲解为什么该词汇是重点。如果学生找到的不是本单元重点，教师应指出本单元重点是什么，并说明选择的理由，以期让学生掌握本单元重点，如words：highly recommend（可用于建议信，从句是虚拟语气），academic requirement（作文词汇，requirement 翻译灵活），be numb with shock （numb 的本义与在该词组中的含义不同）；sentences：①But I was also very nervous as I didn’t know what to expect.（疑问词+to do）②When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions,I didn’t always understand.（注意“问路”的翻译）③I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities./So occupied with work have I been that...（so...that 句型）

四、仿一仿，及时活用求提高

为检验学生是否已经掌握第三个复习环节中的重点词句，巩固所讲知识，为下一个写作环节奠定基础，教师可结合平时学生在句子翻译和写作中遇到的难点，让学生翻译以下几个句子：

1.由于这是我第一次向外国人介绍中国汉字，我觉得有些紧张。

2.我很荣幸在这里和大家交流在高中要学习什么的看法。（疑问词+不定式）

3.按照要求，参赛者们要在比赛前几分钟入座。(require/requirement/qualify)

以上三句是三个小情景，可以用在不同的应用文写作中。课堂结果显示有一部分学生没有把握好第三个环节中的重点词句。第一句学生会把从句的时态写错；第二句学生没有看清提示，用的是宾语从句；第三句学生注意到了虚拟语气，但是有学生用了as 引导的定语从句同时又加了it。通过点拨和讨论，学生形成了以下答案：①As this is the first time that I have introduced Chinese characters to foreigners,I feel a little nervous.②I feel privileged to（第四单元句型）share with you my opinion on what to learn in senior high school.③It is required that participants (should)take（虚拟语气用法）their seats a few minutes earlier before the competition starts.

学生在反馈中谈到，这一环节的翻译对抓住本单元重点知识很有帮助。会翻译单个句子，就会降低写作时犯错误的几率。

五、写一写，实战演练达目标

语言学习的最终目的是将其运用到日常交流中。课堂学外语的最大弊端就是没有合适的情景去巩固所学知识，因此教师需要创设一定的情景帮助学生学会如何使用语言。在一轮复习中，更多的强调的是与高考内容相衔接的知识。虽然一堂复习课不能面面俱到，但是重难点一定要突出。为了回顾整篇文章的词汇和结构，教师可设计两个写作练习供学生选择——一篇读后续写、一篇应用文，并要求学生尽可能多地用到教师提供的本单元重点词汇和句型，在用到的词汇句型下画线。

【读后续写】We will follow Xie Lei’s progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now,we wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise.She deserves to succeed.

Another six months passed,and we met Xie Lei again. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【应用文】Suppose you are Li Hua.You intend to study molecular biology（分子生物学）in the University of Warwick.Please write a letter to your pen friend Tony and ask him for some information about studying abroad.

读后续写是浙江省新高考的题型，对于湖北考生来说较陌生。通过深入挖掘教材，我们可以发现其实教材中也有一些篇章可以当作读后续写的阅读材料。而且在深入学习了文章内容和语言表达的特点后，学生更容易下笔。本篇课文里面谢蕾谈到了她在生活、学习中的困难和她要去平衡学习、生活的打算，这也为续写埋下了伏笔。只要关注了前文，读后续写并不难。以下是一位同学的习作。

Another six months passed,and we met Xie Lei again.She has already finished her first year here and has no problem adjusting to the life here.She has made great progress in the past six months and is able to contradict others’ opinions,which is acknowledged as a kind of good quality.Besides,she is drafting for another essay and in preparation for the next exam.However,it will take one more year to get a business qualification for her.But she doesn’t worry about it at all because she fits in well with her host family,feeling comfortable to live and study here.To our surprise,she has acquired a balance between study and social life.She joined a reading club and also made some friends there.She says,“It is recommended to expand my scope.”We will still follow her progress in later editions.Keep it up.

范文几乎没有什么语法错误，而且和前文衔接得很好，此外，范文最后还模仿了前文的写作风格，是一篇较成功的续写短文。

应用文设计的是一封咨询信：假设你是李华，打算去华威大学（the University of Warwick）学习生物分子学，请给笔友Tony 写一封信，咨询国外留学事宜。鉴于文章中提到谢蕾在很多方面逐渐适应了学习，题干就没有提供咨询哪些事情了。结合实际生活，学生在出国留学时肯定希望能有一个熟人提供相关帮助，笔者希望学生能用到文章中的信息，合理地写出自己想咨询的事情。以下是一篇学生习作。

Dear Xie Lei,

I’m writing to ask you for some recommendations about studying abroad.

Recently,I’ll go to the University of Warwick to study molecular biology.Could you tell me what manners and habits I should pay attention to in a western school? Is it better to live on campus or live outside? Besides,can you recommend some useful books about my major?

I hope you can spare some time to read my letter and reply at your earliest convenience.

Yours,

Li Hua

这位同学在写作的时候顾及了文章内容，但是忽视了对文章重难点词句的应用。整体而言，达到了交际的功能，虽然没有考虑到“尽可能多地使用本单元词汇”的要求，但也算是比较成功的一篇文章。

本次课设计的初衷是更多地挖掘教材的价值、增强师生间的互动，将其穿插到一轮复习中，可以在一定程度上提高学生的学习兴趣。在教学实践中有些环节还需要改进，如听力耗时较多、本单元重点词汇没有重点突出。以后在进行课堂设计时可以只让学生听课文录音不填空，然后说大意。笔者希望通过这种上课方式训练学生在听说读写方面的能力，并意识到教材的重要性，从而在以后的复习中加大对教材的关注和利用。