Drinking Etiquette Around the World世界各地的饮酒礼仪

谢里尔·马什卡雷尼亚什

Drinking is not just a habit， but a secret language that binds people all over the world. When traveling abroad for work or pleasure， you need to bear in mind the different perspectives related to consuming alcohol before you actually clink your glass and gulp down a sip.

Australia

Clink it Saying： Cheers

Etiquette to be followed： Do not drink alone.

In Australia， when a man drinks， he has to have company. It is considered ethical to invite a few friends or truck load of people to drink with you in this part of the world. You obviously cannot pay for your drink alone， you have to abide by doing the rounds or shouts1 as they call them.

Get used to： ‘Shouts

Belgium

Clink it Saying： Santé

Etiquette to be followed： Raise your glass twice during a toast.

The Belgians always wait for the host to offer a toast before the dig into their drink. While there are no reservations as to who makes the toast， it is considered polite to stand for the same. The Flemish2 raise their glasses at the completion of the drink.

Get used to： Attracting the service of waiters at bars.

China

Clink it Saying： Gan Bei

Etiquette to be followed： Remember to allow the glasses of your seniors to be higher than yours while clinking.

The Chinese like their glasses filled to the brim， and strictly adhere to filling the glasses according to seniority. Dont take the literal meaning of emptying your drink in one shot， for you will be expected to do the same for every drink that follows.

Get used to： Being shown the empty glass in your face every time your neighbor has finished it.

Denmark

Clink it Saying： Sk?l

Etiquette to be followed： It would be inappropriate to decline an invitation to social events.

Want to see the real Danish crowd？ Enter a bar or a nightclub and you are sure to find them there. Mad about their beer， you get to enjoy Carlsberg and Tuborg3. Do not forget to make eye contact with your host while making a toast.

Get used to： Letting your guard down over the weekend and staying sane throughout the week.

France

Clink it Saying： Santé

Etiquette to be followed： Dont go overboard when filling your glass―keep it always just above the halfway mark.

The French savor their drink and expect you to do the same. Guzzling your drink like a thirsty raven is the biggest blunder you may commit here. Keeping in tune with the French mannerism. Men are expected to fill the glasses of the women. It wouldnt be wise to fill your own glass.

Get used to： Not touching your drink till everyone else is served.

Germany

Clink it Saying： Prost

Etiquette to be followed： Clink your glass with everyone at the table.

Drinking alcohol in public is common and legal and is a part of the lifestyle in Germany. Eye contact with everyone is important， while making a toast. Enjoy your drink walking down the street， strolling around the park， or in the beer gardens. Germans love their beer and this is evident in the price of the beer.

Get used to： Beer is as cheap as water.

Hungary

Clink it Saying： Egészségedre

Etiquette to be followed： Beer glasses are never to be clinked.

When in Hungary， dont raise a toast with beer. It is considered discourteous， as in 1848 the Austrian defeat of the Hungarian revolution was celebrated with lots of beer. Hungary loves their drinks， and the faster you finish your glass the faster it will be refilled. They dont mind toasting every now and then.

Get used to： Raising a toast if you have been addressed personally.

Ireland

Clink it Saying： Sláinte

Etiquette to be followed： Remember to get your round in.

The Irish like their pubs， and head there to celebrate and to cheer their favorite teams. While its an offense to be drunk in public， the bigger offense is not getting in your round. Be sure to be offered a drink by the Irish and accept if you might， it comes with an unseen condition.

Get used to： Keeping a track of whose turn it is next.

Italy

Clink it Saying： Cin cin

Etiquette to be followed： Drink small portions rather than gulping it all down.

The Italians like to have their wine while they dine. While in Italy， you are expected to sip on your drink while you eat. Binge drinking or hard drinking is rare， and is not well appreciated. Women for that matter， are expected to refrain from heavy drinking， and pouring wine.

Get used to： Sipping on wine rather than hard liquor.

Japan

Clink it Saying： Kanpai

Etiquette to be followed： No matter how fast you finish your drink， it is impolite to refill your own glass.

All you need to keep a track of the amount of drink in the neighboring glass. Ensure your neighbors glass is never dry， and they will ensure yours is never dry too. Generally， the juniors take on the role of ordering and pouring the drinks， so as a guest you can sit back and relax.

Get used to： Enjoying your drink slowly unless you are a heavy drinker.

Korea

Clink it Saying： Gun Bae

Etiquette to be followed： Hold your glass with both your hands when you are being served.

While downing your drink， it is essential that you remember not to face your seniors―this would offend the Korean host.

Get used to： Facing away from seniors every time you take a sip.

Russia

Clink it Saying： Za vashe zdorovie

Etiquette to be followed： Down your vodka bottoms-up.

Drinking in Russia is downing large amounts of pure vodka. Mixing vodka with any other drink is a strict no-no and once you open a bottle， you ought to have it to the dregs. Dont sip on your drink till the toast is raised and the shot has to be downed in one gulp. Keep the empty bottles on the floor after you are done.

Get used to： Drinking pure vodka.   ■

饮酒不仅是一种习惯，更是一种密语;无论来自何方，人们总能因酒结缘。出国工作或游玩时，如果要碰杯畅饮，最好事先掌握各地不同的饮酒习俗。

澳大利亚

碰杯语：Cheers

饮酒礼仪：不可独饮。

在澳大利亚，男人必须结伴饮酒。请三五好友或很多人共饮，才算合乎此地的规矩。只付自己的酒钱显然不行，必须“轮流做东”（当地人的说法）。

入乡随俗：“为大伙买单”

比利时

碰杯语：Santé

饮酒礼仪：敬酒时举杯两次。

比利时人总是等主人敬酒后才开始喝。由谁敬酒并无限制，但一般来说，主人敬酒更合乎礼数。佛兰芒人会在喝完酒时举杯。

入乡随俗：主动招呼酒吧服务员提供服务。

中国

碰杯语：干杯

饮酒礼仪：切记：碰杯时，要让尊长的酒杯高于自己的酒杯。

中国人喜欢将酒杯盛满，并严格按照长幼尊卑顺序斟酒。不要按照“干杯”的字面义“一饮而尽”，如果这样，接下来每一杯都得如此。

入乡随俗：邻座每次“干杯”后都会让你看酒杯空了。

丹麦

碰杯語：Sk?l

饮酒礼仪：拒绝社交活动邀请是不合适的。

想看看真正的丹麦民众吗？走进酒吧或夜总会，你一定能找到他们。如果你特别喜欢他们的啤酒，可以尽享嘉士伯啤酒和乐堡啤酒。敬酒时别忘了和主人眼神交流。

入乡随俗：周末彻底放松，工作日保持清醒。

法国

碰杯语：Santé

饮酒礼仪：斟酒时不要太满——总是半杯多一点。

法国人会细啜琼浆，并期望别人也这样做。大口狂饮，像只口干舌燥的乌鸦——这在法国可是弥天大错。与法国人的举止保持一致。男士通常要为女士斟酒。自斟自饮非明智之举。

入乡随俗：旁人未斟好酒时莫先动杯。

德国

碰杯语：Prost

饮酒礼仪：和桌上所有人碰杯。

在公共场合饮酒既常见也合法，这是德国人生活的一部分。敬酒时，与每个人眼神交流很重要。无论在街上行走，在公园漫步，或在啤酒花园里，都可以品尝佳酿。德国人热爱啤酒，这一点很明显体现在啤酒的价格上。

入乡随俗：啤酒和水一样便宜。

匈牙利

碰杯语：Egészségedre

饮酒礼仪：不可用啤酒敬酒。

在匈牙利，不要用啤酒祝酒。这被看作失礼之举，因为1848年革命中，奥地利战胜匈牙利，用大量啤酒庆功。匈牙利人爱酒，喝多快，酒续得就多快。他们愿意不时敬酒。

入乡随俗：如果有人向你敬酒，你就要回敬。

爱尔兰

碰杯语：Sláinte

饮酒礼仪：记得回请别人喝酒。

爱尔兰人喜欢酒吧，去那里庆祝，为心仪的球队喝彩。在公共场合醉酒属于违法行为，但未回请别人喝酒更加不妥。爱尔兰人请你喝酒时，务必应承;当然，回请也是心照不宣的事。

入乡随俗：记清下次该谁请客。

意大利

碰杯语：Cin cin

饮酒礼仪：细酌慢饮，不要一饮而尽。

意大利人喜欢进餐时喝点儿葡萄酒。在意大利，一般要边吃饭边呷酒。狂饮或酗酒很少见，且不受欢迎。就此而言，女性一般不可酗酒，也不能倒酒。

入乡随俗：啜饮葡萄酒而非烈性酒。

日本

碰杯语：Kanpai

饮酒礼仪：无论多快饮完酒，自己续杯都属失礼。

你只需关注邻座杯中的酒量。确保邻座杯里时刻有酒，他们也会确保你的杯里时刻有酒。一般情况下，晚辈负责点酒和倒酒。所以，作为客人，你可以放松闲坐。

入乡随俗：细酌慢品，除非你好酒贪杯。

朝鲜半岛

碰杯语：Gun Bae

饮酒礼仪：有人为你斟酒时，应双手持杯。

饮酒时，切记不要正对长辈——这会冒犯朝鲜半岛的东道主。

入乡随俗：举杯喝酒时要避免正面面对长辈。

俄罗斯

碰杯语：Za vashe zdorovie

饮酒礼仪：喝干瓶中的伏特加。

俄式饮酒，就是豪饮纯伏特加。严禁用其他任何饮料勾兑伏特加，且一旦开瓶，就要喝得干干净净。祝酒前不要小啜，祝酒后要一饮而尽。饮毕，将空酒瓶留在地板上。

入乡随俗：喝纯伏特加。□

（译者为“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛获奖者）

1 rounds or shouts〈英国、澳大利亚口语〉请喝的酒（或饮料）。

2指说佛兰芒语的比利时人，主要住在比利时西部和北部。

3 Carlsberg嘉士伯啤酒，丹麦酿酒集团嘉士伯旗下主要啤酒品牌;Tuborg乐堡啤酒，嘉士伯旗下品牌。