《日出·印象》远行的背后

李君娜

2020年9月16日下午，上海外滩的中山东一路1号Bund One Art Museum人头攒动，人们都为同一个“明星”而来——印象派开山之作、莫奈的《日出·印象》。这是“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展的预展现场，也是这幅美术史上的名作创作近150年以来首次来到中国展出。

展览由上海新华发行集团有限公司、上海天协文化发展有限公司携手法国巴黎马摩丹莫奈博物馆联合主办，展至2021年1月3日。

下午4点，“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展的预展“开门”，等待已久的观众按捺不住内心的激动，直奔名作而去。在《日出·印象》的展出橱窗前，参观者络绎不绝。“虽然在很多出版物上都见过这幅画，但能够亲眼见到真迹，还是太震撼了。”这是观众沈女士的真切感受。

印象派是西方绘画史上具有划时代意义的艺术流派，法国艺术家克劳德·莫奈的《日出·印象》作为印象派绘画的开山之作，在莫奈的作品乃至整个印象派作品中都是无与伦比的。这幅虚幻的风景画创作于1872年，和莫奈数量颇多的“睡莲”作品相比，因为仅此一件，更显珍贵。

1872年11月，莫奈下榻勒阿弗尔的拉米劳特酒店。从他房间的窗口望出去，东南外港的清晨景色跃入眼帘。左右两侧是勒布瓦码头和施工中的库尔贝码头的朦胧轮廓，中间则是通向厄尔港池的跨大西洋船闸所在地。起重机、烟囱和桅杆在秋日晨雾中若隐若现。这幅画作，莫奈只花了几个小时就完成了，他用灵活的处理方式将稍纵即逝的景象留在了画布上。

更难得的是，《日出·印象》触碰了学院派的界限，使人们的审美观念发生了转变，推动了美术观念和绘画技法的革新，也以其多重的意义成为西方艺术史上划时代的巨作。

疫情期间的艺术“接力赛”

此次展览，也是《日出·印象》这幅作品创作近150年以来首次来到中国。

《日出·印象》画作来自法国巴黎马摩丹莫奈博物馆，该馆是全世界收藏莫奈作品最多的博物馆。这些莫奈藏品，绝大部分来自莫奈儿子米歇尔的捐赠，米歇尔向该博物馆捐赠了超过100幅作品以及莫奈的故居和吉维尼花园。但作为镇馆之宝，法国巴黎马摩丹莫奈博物馆很少出借《日出·印象》。

为了能让它来到中国，策展方天协文化总经理谢定伟整整筹划了6年。2014年，天协文化曾在上海舉办过一场莫奈展，谢定伟说：“当时，展览展出了包括《睡莲》在内的莫奈的其他作品。在世界范围内，莫奈展很少能展出《日出·印象》。但我一直希望能把它带到中国展出。”

“原先我们计划于2020年3月举办一场名为‘莫奈与印象派大师的展览，由于疫情而推迟到明年。”谢定伟说：“欧美疫情之下，法国各博物馆纷纷闭馆，也包括马摩丹莫奈博物馆。《日出·印象》也因此出现了一个展期的空档。馆方终于同意外借《日出·印象》。于是我们紧急策划了这场以《日出·印象》为主题的展览。”

从4月正式启动工作，到9月17日正式展出，这样一场特展涉及的工作量是巨大的，而留给这场展览的时间几乎捉襟见肘。谢定伟用“夜以继日”来形容这场“接力赛”，“尤其是疫情期间，光是等策展人、馆长的签证就花了两三个月。”

最艰难的是《日出·印象》安全抵达上海的过程。“按照西方博物馆的普遍要求，这种重量级的艺术品，空运时必须由押运员全程押运。特殊时期，馆方做了大量配合工作。从法国运到卢森堡，再上飞机，拍照、编号，飞机上再指定专人来保护看管，然后落地上海，再拍照、确认，一路上，全靠机场人员、海关等提供保障。”谢定伟说。

而更悬的还在后面。直到9月15日中午11点，法国馆方布展人员才结束了按规定的隔离时间。此时，距离9月4日下午16点的预展也不过是一天多的时间，而能留给团队布展的时间更少。“包括灯光、挂画、贴牌等等，所有的工作都要在这么短的时间内完成。”

9月16日凌晨4点，布展结束。4个多月来，谢定伟一直悬着的那颗心终于落定。

不止有真迹，还有沉浸式展区

预展现场络绎不绝的人流，足以证明这幅画作在中国观众中的受欢迎程度。所以一切的辛苦都是值得的。

展览突破了以往画展的普遍表现形式，创造性地采用现代科技投影方式打造光影互动体验展区，从视觉、听觉以及空间体验感等，全方位地重现了这幅杰作背后的创作故事。

我在预展现场看到，沉浸式展区会随着时间的推移不断地变换空间，化为一望无垠的海港、乘风破浪的船只，抑或是冉冉升起的红日。“印象派绘画的精髓与高科技的终极融合，让观众仿佛畅游在莫奈梦幻的艺术世界。这堪称一场美妙绝伦的流动视觉盛宴。”一位观众说。

以《日出·印象》为主题的本次展览，共展出47件作品，其中有9件是借展于法国巴黎马摩丹莫奈博物馆馆藏的莫奈油画作品。9件莫奈作品中，除了《日出·印象》之外，还有《伦敦查令十字桥，雾霭中的烟气·印象》《傍晚的帆船》《特鲁维尔海边》《特鲁维尔沙滩上的卡米尔》等莫奈的经典力作。

同时，展览还呈现了抽象画派大师维琪·科隆贝特（Vicky Colombet）和具象画派大师热拉尔·弗朗格（Gérard Fromanger）的作品，这些精选的画作是当代艺术与印象派共鸣的见证，与展览主题交相辉映。观众将能从他们充满张力的笔触中，感受到当代艺术家对莫奈和印象主义的再思考以及浓郁的异域风情。

为了让大家更深刻地感知大师风采，主办方还结合莫奈的艺术创作元素，推出了百余种文创艺术衍生品。这些做工精细的衍生品，兼具艺术属性和实用价值。独家限量发行的展览图录，也让热爱艺术的观众心动不已。

与此同时，由TEAM WANG和“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展跨界合作的艺术概念空间“TEAM WANG×MONET”，在9月17日现身Bund One Art Museum三楼，这也是“日出·光明——莫奈《日出·印象》”特展的首次艺术跨界。此外，主办方还精心策划了“莫奈尖叫之夜”。

Impression， Sunrise

Debuts in Shanghai

By Li Junna

The afternoon of September 16， 2020 witnessed a large crowd of visitors flock to Bund One Art Museum in Shanghai where by French impressionism master Claude Monet was exhibited for the first time in China. It was the premiere of the exhibition， which officially started on September 17. Visitors came to take a look at the rare artwork. It was the first ever time the masterwork was shown in China since its birth about 150 years ago.

The exhibition， jointly presented by Xinhua Distribution Group and Tix-Media in Shanghai and the Marmottan Monet Museum in Paris， will go through January 3， 2021.

is loaned from the Marmottan Monet Museum in Paris， which houses the worlds biggest collection of works by Claude Monet. Michel， the son of the impressionist master， donated over 100 artworks by his father， to the museum.

The masterpiece is rarely loaned from the Marmottan Monet Museum for a reason： this is the painting that helped give the impressionist movement its name.

In order to bring the masterpiece to China， Xie Dingwei， CEO of Tix-Media based in Shanghai had worked six years. In 2014， Tix-Media held an exhibition of Monets works in Shanghai， featuring and other works. Unlike Waterlilies， which is an ensemble of paintings under the same title， Impression， Sunrise is a one-piece rarity. It is very difficult to make arrangements for the masterpiece to be exhibited outside of France. Xie had wanted to bring it to China for a long time.

Tix-Media had scheduled to hold an exhibition in Shanghai in March 2020 to featuring Monet and other impressionist masters. Due to the outbreak of the pandemic， the exhibition is postponed to 2021. As museums in France stayed lockdown in Europe， however， there appeared a time window for  for an exhibition in Shanghai. Through a series of negotiations， the Marmottan Monet Museum agreed to loan the masterpiece to Shanghai. Tix-Media acted immediately.

The preparations for the special exhibition started in April. It was a tremendous project. There was no time to waste. It took more than two months to get visas done. The most difficult part of the project was to ship the masterpiece all the way from France to Shanghai without a hitch. According to security requirements of western museums， such a masterpiece must be accompanied by security supervisors all the way. Unfortunately， it was not likely to get visas for individuals during the pandemic. So a series of measures were designed and put into place. The masterpiece traveled by plane from France， Luxemburg and Shanghai. Though the protection was well coordinated and arranged， the exhibition organizers were worried. And they had every reason to worry more. It was not until 11 oclock at the noon of September 15 that the French exhibition workers from the Marmottan Monet Museum came out of a must-do quarantine. Only about a day was left before the premiere. The organizers worked most busily until 4 oclock on the morning of September 16 when the exhibition was ready. It was not until then that Xie Dingwei rest assured.

With  Sunrise as the centerpiece， the exhibition at the Bund in Shanghai features 47 original works， including nine paintings by Monet such as  and works by abstract artist Vicky Colombet and Gérard Fromanger associated with Figuration Narrative. Vicky Colombet is best known for her works abstract and suggestive of landscapes， of topographies， the erosion of the Earth and its ephemeral elements， whereas Gérard Fromanger is celebrated for his colorful， multimedia street scenes featuring the silhouettes of anonymous pedestrians.

The exhibition organizers have planned a series of events designed to take place as the exhibition unfolds. The exhibition is supported by French Consulate General in Shanghai and Shanghai Association for Cultural Exchange with Foreign Countries.