一般过去时的“过去那些事”

2020-11-02 02:19张新峰
考试与评价·七年级版 2020年6期
关键词:陈述句句首否定句

张新峰

一、一般过去时“变身术”——构成和句型

【课本原句】

1. —Were the strawberries good? 草莓好吃吗?

—Yes, they were./ No, they weren't. 是的,它们好吃。/ 不,它们不好吃。

2. —Did you see any cows? 你看见奶牛了吗?

—Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot. 是的,我看见了相当多。

3. —Did you go to the zoo? 你去动物园了吗?

—No, I didn't. I went to a farm. 不,我没有。我去了农场。

【结构透视】

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时中谓语动词要用动词的过去式。现在就让我们一起看看一般过去时的变身术。

变身一: 肯定句→否定句

1. 谓语为was / were时

连系动词be的过去式有两种形式was和were, 其否定形式是在was或were后加not。如:

They were in New York last week.→They weren't in New York last week.

2. 谓语为行为动词时

句中谓语为行为动词的过去式时,变否定句时需借助于didn't 来否定,didn't 后原来的行为动词要使用动词原形。如:

Mike went to the farm last Sunday. →Mike didn't go to the farm last Sunday.

变身二:陈述句→一般疑问句

1. 含有动词was / were的句型

将was或were提前放在句首, 并大写第一个字母,末尾加问号。肯定回答用:Yes, 主语+was / were。否定回答用:No, 主语+wasn't / weren't。如:

—Were you late yesterday? 你昨天迟到了吗?

—Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. 是的,我迟到了。/ 不,我没有迟到。

2. 含行为动词过去式的句型。

在句首加助动词did,句中的行为动词要变为原形。肯定回答用:Yes, 主语+did;否定回答用:No, 主语+didn't。

—Did you go to the park last Sunday? 你上周日去公园了吗?

—Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没有。

变身三:陈述句→特殊疑问句

1. 谓语为连系动词的过去式时,特殊疑问句结构为:疑问词+was/were+主语+其它?如:

My aunt was in Beijing in 2019. →Where was your aunt in 2019?

2. 謂语为行为动词的过去式时,特殊疑问句结构为: 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?如:

He played basketball yesterday. →What did he play yesterday?

二、一般过去时“遵循的规则”——动词过去式形式

在一般过去时中,谓语动词要用过去式,过去式分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

有些动词的过去式是不规则的,需要特殊记忆。我们学过的常见的的不规则动词有:

am / is—was  are—were have—had go—went come—came do—did see—saw give—gave find—found say—said run—ran write—wrote

三、一般过去时“过去的表现”—— 主要用法

【课本原句】

—What did you do last weekend, Lucy? 露西,上周末你做什么了?

—Well, on Saturday morning, I played badminton. 在周六上午,我打羽毛球了。

【用法透视】

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。其用法主要如下:

四、一般现在时与一般过去时的区别

【巩固练习】

一、选择填空。

1. ______ you ______ a horse last month?

A. Did; rode  B. Did; ride

C. Were; ride  D. Were; rode

2. I'm sorry you ______ fun on your school trip.

A. have  B. had

C. didn't have  D. not have

3. Mr. Green, ______ you ______ the museum last Sunday?

A. did; go to    B. do; went

C. do; go to  D. did; go

4. Lucy ______ a student last year, but now she ______ a teacher.

A. is; is    B. was; is

C. was; will be    D. is; was

5. —What did you do the day before yesterday, Mike?

—I ______ with my grandpa.

A. go fishing    B. went fish

C. am fish  D. went fishing

二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. Bob ______ (be) born in September, 2007.

2. His father stayed at home and ______ (do) some reading.

3. Kevin ______ (go) to Hangzhou last Sunday.

4. Where ______ (be) you last weekend?

5. Peter and his family ______ (have) a good time in the park yesterday.

三、按要求完成句子。

1. My school trip was excellent. (对划线部分提问)

______ ______ your school trip?

2. The weather was good this morning. (改為否定句)

The weather ______ good this morning.

3. He did his homework last night. (改为否定句)

He ______ ______ his homework last night.

4. He knew something about it. (改为一般疑问句)

______ he ______ ______ about it?

5. I saw some flowers in the park. (对划线部分提问)

______ ______ you ______ in the park?

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