读后续写，四步搞定

韩四化

读后续写对师生来说，都是一种新题型，也是一种新的挑战，如何写好这类作文，笔者认为，对初学者来说，按四个步骤来写，容易掌握。请看下面的例题：

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

Jenny was the only child in her home. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldnt help weeping when she thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered in the street for hours， she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She stood beside a stand for a while， watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However， with no money in hand， she sighed and had to leave.

The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked， “Hey， girl， you want to have the noodles？”

“Oh， yes ... but I dont have money on me，”she replied.

“Thats nothing. Ill treat you today，”said the man.“Come in.”

The seller brought her a bowl of noodles， whose smell was so attractive. As she was eating， Jenny cried silently.

“What is it？”asked the man kindly.

“Nothing， actually I was just touched by your kindness！”said Jenny.“Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles， while my mother drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger！”

Hearing the words， the seller smiled，“Girl， do you really think so？ I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you？ Have you expressed your gratitude to her？”

Jenny sat there， speechless and numb with shock; she remembered Mothers familiar face and weathered hands.“Why did I not think of that？ A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful， but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me.”

On the way home， Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.

Paragraph 1：

Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.

Paragraph 2：

A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.

第一步，讀懂大意， 理清脉络

根据记叙文的六要素弄清文章大意，特别要弄清故事的人物及人物之间的关系、时态（通常是一般过去时）、事件（故事的起因和经过），以及语言特色（以便在续写时语言特色前后一致，保持不变），等等。 本文的人物和事件如下：

据此可知，所给材料主要情节或故事发展的脉络如下：

●珍妮跟母亲吵架，离家出走，街上游荡几个钟后，感觉饥饿。

●好心人给她一碗面吃，她感动流泪。

●这位陌生人告诉她，母亲将她养大，给她做了无数次饭菜，应当感谢她的母亲。

●珍妮意识到自己错了，决定回家向妈妈道歉。

●珍妮跟母亲吵架，离家出走，街上游荡几个钟后，感觉饥饿。

●好心人给她一碗面吃，她感动流泪;这位陌生人告诉她，母亲将她养大，给她做了无数次饭菜，应当感谢她的母亲。

●珍妮意识到自己错了，决定回家向妈妈道歉。

另外，本文的语言特色：

（1）有较多的人物對话。

（2）用了较为高级的语法结构。如：

形容词作补语：

Jenny sat there， speechless and numb with shock.

分词短语作状语：

She stood beside a stand for a while， watching ...

Hearing the words， the seller smiled ...

第二步，细读首句，构思框架

仔细阅读所给两段的首句，结合正能量结尾，思考大致框架。本题所给两段首句为：

Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath.（走到门口，珍妮深吸了一口气）

A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.（轻轻一碰她的头发，她的思绪又回来了）

由续写的第一段首句与第二段首句确定第一段的框架。

由第一段首句可知，珍妮应是鼓起勇气敲门回家，但从第二段首句来看，“轻轻碰她的头发”的应是母亲，因为人物就三个，续写中一般不要随意冒出一个新的人物，除非情节发展的需要;“思维回来”说明第一段中，珍妮回家没见到母亲，在回忆跟母亲吵架的事，或在回忆母亲多年的关爱。第二段才出现母亲，第一段应是母亲不在家，那么母亲去哪里了呢？根据常识，女儿出走，应是找她女儿去了。

第二段的框架，由第二段首句与正能量结尾来确定。

故事内容一定要正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观。如迷路了但最终一定回到了家;失败了或遇到困难了，但最终一定成功了;吵架了但最后一定是言归于好，和睦相处;犯错了，最后一定会改过自新，重新做人;贼逃了，最后一定是绳之以法，等等。

因此，根据正能量原则，本文的结尾，应是母女和好。

第二段的框架是，母亲回来，女儿道歉，母亲原谅，母女和好。

第三步，增加细节，开始写作

在已定框架范围内，依据情节发展和生活常识，推断故事中人物所见、所闻、所思、所说、所做等给每段增加5至8个具体细节。如本题的第一段可以构思以下细节：

第一段

鼓足勇气，推门进屋

母亲外出，不知何处

累而难过，沙发上坐

争吵场面，浮现脑海

自己粗鲁，愧对其母

母亲责骂，皆因关爱

自感羞愧，泪流脸颊

第二段

抬头一望，看见母亲

到处找你，你在这里

母亲虽累，松了口气

扑入怀里，道歉致谢

母亲听后，喜在心头

根据一致性原则，除内容上要语义衔接，上下连贯外，语言风格也要一致，应使用分词语短和形容词作状语等。

在确定框架、增加细节之后，就可以开始写作了。

第四步，修改润色，整洁誊写

初稿完成后要认真检查，注意语义是否衔接，前后是否连贯，事件是否符合逻辑，语言特色是否与前文一致。在修改润色之后，整齐工整地誊写在答卷上。

参考范文

Paragraph 1：

Nearing the doorway， Jenny took a deep breath. When she pushed the door open and entered the house， she found her mother was not in. Tired and sad， she sank down onto the sofa.“Where could my mother be？”she wondered.“Was she still angry with me？”Again， the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her， she felt rather ashamed， and tears began to roll down her cheeks.

Paragraph 2：

A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother.“Here you come！Ive been looking for you，”she said， tired and relieved. Jenny couldnt help throwing herself into her mothers arms. “Mum， Im so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.”She expressed her sincere apology and great gratitude. Hearing this， her mother smiled， patting her back gently.

责任编辑 蒋小青