2019年全国中学生英语能力测评高二年级组初评试题选析（三）

测评命题人

III. Reading Comprehension （阅读理解） （共20小题;61—65小题每小题1分，66—80小题每小题2分，计35分）

Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Please respond to the questions according to the requirements given at the end of each passage. 阅读下面的短文， 每篇短文后设有若干问题， 请根据短文后的要求回答问题。

（A）

Stonehenge

This formation in southern England was built over 3，000 years ago. The stones were brought from mountains far away， but no one knows for sure how the stones were carried or put into place. The purpose for the stone formation is unknown.

Theories：

a. It was used as a type of calendar.

b. It was used for religious ceremonies.

c. It was used to observe the sun， the moon and stars.

The Nazca Lines

These shapes were carved into the earth in Peru more than 1，500 years ago. However， the people who made them could not have seen what they were carving—the figures can only be seen from an airplane. No one knows how they were made.

Theories：

a. They were carved by ancient people， who used small drawings to design them.

b. They were created by aliens， who were able to see them from their spaceships.

Atlantis

Around 350 B.C.E.， the Greek philosopher Plato wrote about a lost continent called “Atlantis”. He described this advanced civilization in great detail. Researchers argue whether the story is true or comes from Plato's imagination.  It might explain how they all disappeared so quickly.

Theories：

a. It was a real community established by the Greeks that was destroyed by an earthquake and sank into the ocean.

b. It was a real place discovered by ancient explorers. We know it today as Iceland.

c. Plato was tricked into believing the story by one of his students.

Questions 61-65： Choose the best answer from A， B， C and D according to the passage. 根據短文内容，从所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

61. Where did the stones of Stonehenge come from？

A. Its nearby rivers.    B. Foreign countries.

C. Around the site. D. Distant mountains.

62. Which is one of the hypothetical （假设的） purposes of Stonehenge？

A. As a monument. B. As an observatory （天文台）.

C. As a symbol of vicitory. D. As a market.

63. When were the Nazca Lines carved？

A. In around 350 B.C.E. B. During the first century.

C. Over 1，500 years ago.  D. Nearly 100 years ago.

64. Who wrote about a lost continent called “Atlantis”？

A. Plato.    B. Aristotle.  C. Socrates.    D. Archimedes.

65. There are four sentences marked A， B， C and D in the third section. Please choose the one

which is not related to the main idea of the section.

【解析】 61. D。由“The stones were brought from mountains far away.” 可知答案为D。

62. B。由文中Stonehenge的Theories部分可知，据推测巨石阵可能是用来作为一种日历，用于宗教仪式或者观察日月星辰。由此可知只有B项符合答案。

63. C。由“These shapes were carved into the earth in Peru more than 1，500 years ago.” 可知C项正确。

64. A。由“Around 350 B.C.E.， the Greek philosopher Plato wrote about a lost continent called ‘Atlantis’.”可知A项正确。

65. D。分析四个句子，只有D项与其他三项没有逻辑联系，故选D。

（B）

One of Newman's special projects was the Hole in the Wall Gang Camps， the world's only network of camps for children with life-threatening illnesses. At these camps， children participate in many outdoor activities where they can temporarily forget their illnesses. Newman and other generous donors have sponsored over 10，000 children to attend these camps free of charge.

Paul Newman didn't think that being philanthropic （慈善的） was an exceptional quality. To him， generosity was simply a human trait， a common-sense way of living. “I don't look at it as philanthropy. I see it as an investment in the community，” said Newman. “I just happen to think that in life we need to be a little like the farmer who puts back into the soil what he takes out.”

In 1982， Newman and a friend， A. E. Hotchner， founded Newman's Own， a not-for-profit food products company. The company's first product was a salad dressing that Newman and Hotchner made at home themselves. In the first year， Newman contributed approximately US $ 1， 000， 000 to charitable organizations.

Actor Paul Newman began acting in 1954 and appeared in more than fifty films in his lifetime. He won an Oscar for best actor in 1986 for The Color of Money. In 1993， Newman received a special Oscar for humanitarian service.

Later Newman's Own expanded， and the company now makes many other food products. Every year， Newman donated 100% of the profits from the sale to thousands of educational and charitable organizations. And since Paul Newman's death in 2008， Newman's Own， Inc. continues this practice and has donated more than US $ 295 million to charities in the US and 31 other countries around the world.

Questions 66-70： Put the paragraphs in the right order according to the theme development. 根據文章主题发展，将段落按正确顺序排列。

【解析】 66—70 DCEAB

解答此类段落排序题的关键是找到文章的内部联系，如时间线、故事发展线等。如本文首先根据时间线能较容易地确定前三个段落为DCE。确定了前三个段落后，在研究剩下的AB两个段落。研读发现A中的“one of Newman's special projects was...”与E中的“...charities in the US and 31 other countries around the world.”联系更为紧密，是对它的进一步拓展，且B项为对全文的总结性描述。由此可以推断后两项的顺序为AB。

（C）

“Attention， please，” boomed the voice. “The eight-thirty to Glasgow will be leaving Plat-form Twelve in five minutes' time， calling at Rugby， Stafford， Crewe， Carlisle...”

“Oh， hurry，” I urged， one eye on the large black minute-hand of the station clock， slowly moving round to the half-hour mark， “or we will miss the train.”

Aunt Evelyn was calmly selecting magazines at the bookstall， and all she said was： “Don't fuss （大驚小怪） so， Alasdair. I have never yet missed a train， and I do so hate spending hours over farewells.”

She collected several magazines and paid the girl， then added in a kindlier tone， doubtless conscious of my impatience： “Don't worry， I promise you we won't miss the train.”

Aunt Evelyn was as good as her word. She found us two corner seats， settled our luggage on the rack （架子） to her own satisfaction， and kissed me and my mother good-bye before the guard's whistle shrilled.

She shook hands with me through the open window and when I withdrew my hand I discovered a ten pound note in my palm. I blurted out my thanks， but the train was already moving slowly out of the station， and I doubt if Aunt Evelyn heard me. But she smiled and waved， and I felt， without knowing why， that she was pleased with me， and the realisation of this was so unexpected that I wanted to cry out to her that I was sorry for all the things that I had said and done in the past. But such thoughts always come too late， and as if to make up for all that I had left unsaid， I waved and waved until she was a tiny speck in the distance.

I hardly remember anything about the journey to Glasgow， although most of the time I gazed out of the window watching the green fields go spinning by. My mother never spoke， except to answer my question， but from time to time I felt her eyes on me.

Questions 71-75： Answer the following questions according to the passage. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

71. Which word in the first paragraph shows that the station announcements were very loud？

72. What did Alasdair do when he heard the train was leaving in five minutes？

73. Write down TWO things that Aunt Evelyn did when she got onto the train.

74. Why did Alasdair feel sorry to Aunt Evelyn？

75. Who was Alasdair traveling with to Glasgow？

【解析】 71. Boomed. / The word “boomed” shows it. boom意为“轰鸣，轰响”，boomed the voice当然就是描述车站的广播声音非常大了。

72. He tried to get his aunt to hurry up. / He looked at the large black minute-hand of the station clock moving round to the half-hour mark. 听到广播后“我”一边看表，一边催促aunt。两个答案均可。

73. She found two corner seats and settled the luggage on the rack.

74. He felt sorry for all the things he had said and done in the past. 由“...that I was sorry for all the things that I had said and done...”可知答案。

75. His mother. / He was traveling with his mother. 由“My mother never spoke， ...”可知答案。