在利立浦特的生活

陈丽芳

在暴風雨中幸存下来的格列佛被巨浪冲到了岸上。醒来后，他发现自己全身被很多细绳子紧紧地绑起来了。等待他的是什么呢？

难词探意

1. fasten /·fɑ·sn/ v.（使两部分）系牢;扎牢;结牢;扣紧

2. occasional /··ke···nl/ adj. 偶尔的;偶然的;临时的

3. ribbon /·r·b·n/ n.（用于捆绑或装饰的）带子;丝带

4. hesitate/·hez·te·t/ v.（对某事）犹豫;迟疑不决

When I woke up and tried to get up， I could not move. I was lying on my back and my whole body， my arms and legs were strongly fastened. Soon I was placed on a long wooden platform and carried to a small country called Lilliput which was just as beautiful as many of the rich countries in Europe. The little people who lived there called “Lilliputians” who are about fifteen centimeters tall.

In this new country， I behaved as well as possible to get my freedom back. Lilliputians soon began to lose their fear of me. They called me the ManMountain. Sometimes I lay down and let them dance on my hand， and from time to time children came to play games in my hair. By now I was able to speak their language well.

One day the King invited me to watch the regular entertainments， which are greatly enjoyed by him， his family， and his lords and ladies. I was most interested in the ropedancing. A very thin rope is fixed thirty centimeters above the ground. People who want to become the Kings most important officials jump and dance on this rope， and whoever jumps highest without falling gets the best job. Sometimes the King orders his lords to dance on the rope， to show that they can still do it. This sport is rather dangerous， and there are occasional deaths as a result. It seems a strange way of choosing officials.

There was another interesting entertainment. The King holds a stick in front of him， and sometimes moves it up and down. One by one， people come up to him and jump over the stick or crawl under it. They go on jumping and crawling as the King moves the stick. The winner is the one who jumps and crawls for the longest time， and he receives a blue ribbon to wear round his waist. The second best receives a red ribbon， and the third best gets a green one. Many of thelords wear their ribbons proudly at all times.

Later， the King and his lords agreed to set me free as long as I promised the follows：

·to help the Lilliputians in war and peace

·to give two hours warning before a visit to their capital， so that people could stay indoors

·to be careful not to step on any Lilliputians or their animals，

·to carry important messages for the King if necessary

·to help the Kings workmen carry heavy stones

·to stay in Lilliput until the King allowed me to leave.

On his side the King promised I would receive food and drink， enough for 1，724 Lilliputians. I agreed to everything at once. My chains were broken， and I was free at last！

The first thing I did was to visit the capital city， Mildendo. I stepped carefully over the city wall， which was less than a metre high， and walked slowly through the two main streets. It is usually a very busy city， with shops and markets full of people， but today the streets were empty. There were crowds watching me from every window. The King had invited me to look at his rooms. Then I lay down on the ground and looked through the windows one by one. You cannot imagine a more beautiful place to live in. The rooms and furniture are perfect in every detail. As I was looking in， I could see the Queen， surrounded by her lords and ladies. She kindly put her hand out of the window for me to kiss.

About two weeks after my first visit to the capital， I was visited by one of the Kings most important officials. His name was Reldresal.

I started the conversation. “Im so glad theyve taken away my chains.” I told him.

“Well， my friend，” he answered， “youre only free because the King knows were in a dangerous situation.”

“Dangerous· ” I cried. “What do you mean·”

“Lilliput has enemies at home and abroad，” he explained. “For six years now weve had two political groups， the HighHeels and the LowHeels. Perhaps the HighHeels were more popular in the past， but as you can see， our present King and all his officials wear the lowest heels. The two groups hate each other， and a HighHeel will refuse to speak to a LowHeel. Thats the problem in Lilliput. Now， were getting information that the people of Blefuscu are going to attack us. Blefuscu is an island near us， almost as large and important as Lilliput. Theyve been at war with us for three years.”

“But how did this war start·” I asked.

“Well， you know， of course， that most people used to break their boiled eggs at the larger end. But our Kings grandfather once cut a finger while breaking his egg this way， and so his father the King ordered all Lilliputians， from then on， to break the smaller end of their eggs. People who do that are called SmallEndians. But Lilliputians feel strongly about this and some BigEndians have fought angrily against this law. As many as eleven thousand people have been killed because they refused to break their eggs at the smaller end. Some of the BigEndians have escaped to join our enemies in Blefuscu. The King of Blefuscu has always wanted to defeat Lilliput in war， and now we hear that hes prepared a large number of ships， which will attack us very soon. So you see， my friend， how much our King needs your help， in order to defeat his enemies.”

I did not hesitate for a moment. “Please tell the King，” I answered warmly， “that l am ready to give my life to save him or his country.”

Activities

Activity ARead for understanding

Ⅰ. Understanding the main idea

What does this chapter mainly take about？

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Ⅱ. Understanding the basic elements

Ⅲ. Understanding the details

1. What can you learn from the description of two regular entertainments in Lilliput· Fill in the table.

2.What does the author want to tell us through the description of the entertainments·

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3. What problems does Lilliput have·

Activity BRead for writing

Ⅰ. Useful expressions for writing

1. expressions to describe surroundings

as beautiful as 和……一樣漂亮

perfect in every detail 每一个细节都很完美

cannot imagine a more beautiful place 无以伦比的美丽

2. expressions to describe behaviour

step carefully 小心翼翼地迈步走

walk slowly 慢慢地走

lie down on the ground 躺在地上

look through the windows 透过窗户去看

3. expressions to express your disagreements

feel strongly about 强烈反对

fight angrily against 愤怒抵抗

refuse to do 拒绝

Ⅱ. Writing techniques

Gullivers Travel can be called a satire novel， which applied many kinds of satire techniques to reach the aim of reveal and critique， such as irony， hyperbole， contrast and symbol etc.

Symbol （象征）

A symbol is a person， place， action， word， or thing that represents something other than itself. Can you find the symbolic meanings behind them. The background information will help you. During the 18th century， there were two different political parties in England： Whig and Tory， who argued over King James Ⅱs right as a king. The conflicts （冲突） between Protestants （新教） and Catholics（天主教） were about religious ceremonies， which made England in a mess. Meanwhile，Irish people lived a miserable life due to wars and oppression （压迫） from England.