2020年高考英语模拟试题

王雪峰 陈俊

第二部分 閱读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节  （共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Harvard University

Established in 1636 and named after its first sponsor，John Harvard，Harvard University is the oldest institution of higher education in the US. Only 17 years short of its fourth centennial（100周年纪念），it has witnessed the growth and appearance of a host of splendid alumni（校友），among whom there are 8 former presidents of the United States.

The University of California

The University of California was founded in 1868. Now its not just one outstanding institution. In fact，it is a public university system that involves ten campuses in total. It has always been considered by many students and parents as the best place，because it has impressive financial aid programs so that students from less financially competitive families wont feel shut out of the door to get the education.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

MIT was founded in the 1860s. This world-class institute has educated countless famous alumni. Among its notable alumni，two names have been impressed into Chinese peoples collective memory： I. M. Pei and Xuesen Qian. The former is the world-known architect who is responsible for the grand glass-and-steel pyramid structure of the Louvre Museum. The latter is credited as the father of Chinas space program，who led the effort to build Chinas first satellite.

Oxford University

Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Although the exact date of its founding remains unknown，historical evidence suggests that the first teaching activity in the university took place as early as 1096. Nowadays，Oxford has 38 colleges which are highly self-governing institutions that observe their own traditions.

21. Why do many students prefer to study at the University of California？

A. It has the best teachers in the world.

B. It offers poor students financial aid.

C. It charges no money from students.

D. It has brought up many famous alumni.

22. What is special about MIT？

A. It is the oldest institution in the US.

B. It has some unusual traditions.

C. Xuesen Qian graduated from it.

D. Students from China like it best.

23. Which of the following has the longest history？

A. Harvard University.

B. Oxford University.

C. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

D. The University of California.

B

Do you remember the name of your kindergarten teacher？ I do. Her name was Mrs. White.

I dont remember much about what we learned in her class，but my mother once told me that we used to write a lot. And I would bring back what I wrote and she would look at it and see there were so many mistakes. But no red corrections. And always a star. Sometimes even a Good！But it worried my mother，so one day when she went in to meet Mrs. White for one of those Parent-Teacher meetings，she asked her why she never corrected my mistakes.

And my mother says Mrs. White said the children are just beginning to get excited about using words about forming sentences. She didnt want to reduce that enthusiasm with red ink. Spelling and grammar can wait. The wonder of words wont. And maybe she didnt say it exactly like that. It was a long time ago. And what my mother gave me was what she could remember. I added the rest in. Because I grew up learning to use words with loving confidence like that.

And it strikes me that if Mrs. White had used her red pen more precisely I probably wouldnt be telling you about this now. It is kind of obvious but also kind of not. I look back now and think she must have been a rather great teacher to encourage her students. In her opinion，to bloom is better than not to bloom. May we all be so kind.

24. Why was the authors mother worried？

A. Mrs. White never corrected her sons mistakes.

B. Her son didnt learn much in Mrs. Whites class.

C. Mrs. White seldom graded her sons exercises.

D. She couldnt attend the Parent-Teacher meeting.

25. What do we learn from the third paragraph？

A. Mrs. White wasnt patient of the studentsmistakes.

B. Mrs. White like the students to correct on their own.

C. Mrs. White used her own way to encourage students.

D. Mrs. White didnt get along well with the author.

26. How does the author feel about Mrs. White？

A. Generous.B. Fantastic.C. Calm.D. Helpful.

27.  Whats the purpose of the text？

A. To ask parents to be patient.

B. To advise students to study hard.

C. To tell the life story of Mrs. white.

D. To share a valuable lesson.

C

There is new breakthrough technology that is reshaping the robotic world in terms of robots that teach each other to grasp everyday objects and learn different environments.

They are using the cloud to upload data that the robots are learning so other robots can gain the same information. Researchers are calling it the“Robo-Internet”and they feel it will reshape the robotic world as we know it today.

Most robots are programmed to be able to do one job and allowing them the ability to learn from other robots will make them perform in unstructured environments such as homes and health care facilities. The robots scan and rescan everyday objects such as hairbrushes and water bottles and learn how to pick up the objects and move them around. They also learn the layouts（布局） and designs of new environments that help them move around without hitting objects and people.

The Robo-internet is a collective database of web apps that is used for robotic knowledge base where other robots in different locations can enter to gain knowledge from other robots. RoboEarth is one example of a cloud-based platform in which robots learn about different environments from other robots.

These scientists have created a cloud-based database where robots teach each other how to learn new skills and be able to perform new jobs without ever having done it before. One robot moves around a new environment scanning the entirety of the space and uploads it to RoboEarth where another robot can send it at any time to learn what the first robot shared.

28. What do we learn about Robo-Internet？

A. It is a newly-developed Internet.

B. It is mainly designed for robots.

C. It cant exist without the cloud.

D. It is very popular in the market.

29. What is the third paragraph mainly about？

A. The improvement of technology.

B. The function of the robot.

C. The influence of the environment.

D. The importance of the Internet.

30. What does the underlined word“collective”in paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Self-updated.B. Limited.C. Shared.D. Fixed.

31. What is a suitable title for the text？

A. Cloud-based databaseB. Amazing web apps

C. The robotic worldD. Robots teaching each other

D

Using your mobile phone while shopping could make you buy more. These shopping habits were examined by researchers from the University of Bath.

In the study，shoppers wore eye-tracking glasses that recorded where they looked while walking in a store. Researchers measured the time they spent in the shop，the number of times they focused on a product or price，how they moved around the store，how much they spent and whether they used a mobile phone and，if so，for how long.

Results showed that mobile phone use increases both the total time spent in the shop and the attention shoppers gave to shelves，leading to more purchases. This is thought to be because using a phone draws the attention of shopper. Looking at more products gets them to remember products they have run out of，or simply persuade them to make extra purchases. Its not the phone itself that causes more purchases，but its effect on the focus of shoppers.

However，this effect might not be all bad for shoppers. Taking a slower journey can make you remember products youd forgotten but you needed，and it can introduce you to products that might lead to a more encouraging menu. Shoppers are very habitual creatures; most of us change our purchases by less than 150 products a year，so maybe you can thank your mobile for getting old things changed.

For shopkeepers theres a clear message here that they no longer need to fear mobile phone use in stores. The only surprise came at the checkout desk—where using a mobile phone seemed to protect shoppers from desire. There people picked up fewer products than normal.

32. Why did the shoppers in the study wear special glasses？

A. To protect their eyes.

B. To avoid being troubled.

C. To record what they saw.

D. To get a special discount.

33. What can we infer from the third paragraph？

A. A bargain can easily be found.

B. Shoppers like to stay in stores.

C. Shopping is a waste of time.

D. Shoppers using a phone buy more.

34. Using a phone while shopping _____.

A. is a good experience for everyone.

B. makes customers find something cheap.

C. gets customers to become patient.

D. helps customers to buy new products.

35. Where is the text most likely from？

A. A magazine. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A diary.

第二節 （共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Though dinner parties can be lots of fun，many individuals find planning them quite frightening.      36      By planning well and taking a simple approach to your preparations，you can host a successful dinner party and enjoy yourself as well.

Determine the reason for your dinner party and choose a date. Preparing to host your dinner should begin with it. You neednt have a special occasion in mind，as many dinner parties are given just for fun. It is best to select a date for your dinner party in advance.      37

Decide on a style or theme for your dinner party. For example，you may decide to have an informal dinner，an outdoor barbecue，or an elegant affair.      38      Six to eight guests are suggested if you are hosting your first dinner party.

Once youve decided on a style，it is time to invite your guests. It depends on the level of formality（遵守礼节）youve chosen.      39      After youve finished with the invitations，you should start planning your menu.

Take some time and consider the decoration for your dinner party，as well as the seating arrangement.

40      No matter what theme or size you choose for your dinner party，try to choose options that will make things as easy as possible for you，allowing you to enjoy yourself.

A. Above all，enjoy yourself.

B. Actually，it is not so difficult.

C. That will allow you to have enough time to prepare.

D. At last，make sure the guests are satisfied with this party.

E. You may choose to invite your guests by phone or e-mail.

F. Also，decide on the number of people you want to include.

G. Preparing to host your dinner should start with writing a plan.

第三部分 語言知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）

第一节  （共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My mother was my best friend. After she died，I felt so      41     . The only person that I wanted to talk to and could help me was      42     .

When she was a teenager she      43      to cook and she had some brilliant      44     . My mother made the best roast beef dinners in the world.      45     ，teaching me to cook wasnt included in her      46     . Almost every week，she would      47      a prepared fish pie. Then she would bring it home and make her own white sauce（调味汁）. My mothernever find      48      to teach me how to make a white sauce. Now that she was missing，I would have to      49      myself.

So this became my      50     . For the first few weeks，I survived on      51      food. But one night，a fish pie mix caught my eye at the      52     . When I got it home，I set myself in front of our electric stove.      53      with a recipe，I tried to teach myself to make a white sauce. Halfway through the recipe，I couldnt      54      it—Id made a white sauce！On my own！Then I remembered： I had always      55      fish pie.

Admiringmy sauce，I      56      why I was so committed to making a dish I had hated for 25 years. Why was it suddenly so      57      to me？I spooned the sauce over the fish. Then I      58      the pie. It was delicious. More importantly，something      59      had happened. The act of making a meal helped me find      60     . It calmed me.

第二节  （共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Embroidery，as a famous folk art with a long tradition，plays      61      important part in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. The Chinese word for embroidery is xiu，a picture or embroidery of five colors. It means      62    （be）beautiful and splendid. It is said that the      63    （early）embroidered products in China date back      64      the Shang Dynasty. At that time a mans social position could be reflected by the embroidery he      65    （wear）. Many rich people used embroidered products      66    （show） off their positions. Embroidery is used on caps，hats，coats，blankets，dress etc. Embroidery is available with      67    （variety） threads（絲线）. Today    these embroidered products become available for ordinary people with the      68    （develop）of national economy. It features flowers，birds，and scenery on silk or other clothes with colored silk threads. Although machines have replaced the human hand in many fields，     69    （fortunate），the art and craft of embroidery have been preserved as part of Chinas great cultural heritage（遗产）. Today，not only is Chinese embroidery hand-craft common in ordinary peoples homes，     70      it has stepped onto the world stage.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节  短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was a rainy day. I was about to bring my mother an umbrella while I saw a mother and her son catching in the rain. I didnt know how to offer my help or not，since his mother was waiting for me. After a moment，Ifinallydecide to help them. However，when I turned around，theyhad been disappeared in the crowd. How regretfully I was！There was no harm inkeeping my mother waiting a little long，but my hesitation kept me helping others in need. I will bear the experiencein minds and remind myself not to hesitate to help others.

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你班将组织郊游体验美好新农村生活。请你写一封信，邀请好友Felix一起去，内容包括：

1. 写信目的;

2. 时间和地点;

3. 活动内容。

注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

答案与解析

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节

（A）本文是应用文。主要介绍了四所世界著名大学。

21. B 推理判断题。根据段落的最后一句话“It has always been considered by many students and parents as the best place，because it has impressive financial aid programs so that students from less financially competitive families wont feel shut out of the door to get the education.”可知，加州大学被许多学生认为是最好的学校，因为它为经济条件不好的学生提供经济援助。由此推断，许多学生优先选择就读加州大学是因为它为贫困生提供经济援助。故答案为B。

22. C 细节理解题。根据段落的最后一句话“The latter is credited as the father of Chinas space program，who led the effort to build Chinas first satellite.” 可知，钱学森毕业于麻省理工学院，这是它与众不同之处。其它选项无法在文中找到信息支持。故答案为C。

23. B 细节理解题。根据文章所提供的的信息可知，Harvard University建于1636年，The University of California 建于1868年，Massachusetts Institute of Technology建于19世纪60年代，Oxford University在1096年就开始教学活动，说明其建立的时间要早于1096年。由此可知，牛津大学的历史最悠久。故答案为B。

（B）本文是记叙文。讲述了作者上幼儿园时，Mrs. White从未使用红笔纠正作者的错误，以此来鼓励学生的故事。

24. A 细节理解题。根据第二段的信息“But no red corrections. And always a star. Sometimes even a Good！ But it worried my mother”可知，老师从不用红笔改正错误，使得作者的母亲非常担心。故答案为A。

25. C 推理判断题。根据第三段的信息“She didnt want to reduce that enthusiasm with red ink.”可知，Mrs. White不用红笔改正学生的错误，是想学生能够保持学习的热情。由此推断，Mrs. White情愿被人误会，也坚持用自己的教学方式来鼓励学生。故答案为C。

26. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的信息“I look back now and think she must have been a rather great teacher to encourage her students.”可知，作者认为Mrs. White是一位非常了不起的老师。故答案为B。

27. D 写作目的题。根据全文内容可知，作者主要是通过讲述儿时的一件事情来回忆一位对自己影响深远的老师，这是作者人生中非常宝贵的一课。作者的主要目的就是跟读者分享这美好的记忆。故答案为D。

（C）本文是说明文。主要介绍机器人可以依托云计算来互相学习。

28. A 細节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“Researchers are calling it the‘Robo-Internetand they feel it will reshape the robotic world as we know it today.”可知，Robo-Internet主要用于机器人世界，也就是说，它的使用对象是机器人。故答案为A。

29. B 段落大意题。根据第三段的关键信息do one job，perform in unstructured environments，scan and rescan everyday objects，pick up the objects and move them around等可知，本段主要介绍了机器人的几大用途，即功能。故答案为B。

30. C 词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的信息“where other robots in different locations can enter to gain knowledge from other robots”可知，不同地方的机器人可以进入数据库学习其它机器人的知识。由此推断，这是一个共享的数据库。故答案为C。

31. A 文章标题题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了机器人通过机器人互联网可以互相学习等情况。故答案为A。

（D）本文是说明文。主要介绍了一项研究成果——人们购物时看手机会购买更多的商品。

32. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“In the study，shoppers wore eye-tracking glasses that recorded where they looked while walking in a store.”可知，接受研究的人们佩戴视线跟踪眼镜是为了记录他们在购物时所看的地方。故答案为C。

33. D 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容尤其是第一句话“Results showed that mobile phone use increases both the total time spent in the shop and the attention shoppers gave to shelves，leading to more purchases. ”可知，人们在购物时使用手机会购买更多的商品。故答案为D。

34. D 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话的“so maybe you can thank your mobile for getting old things changed.”可知，人们购物时使用手机会更换一些旧的物品;由此推断，人们使用手机时会购买一些新的物品。故答案为D。

35. A 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究成果——人们购物时看手机会购买更多的商品。由此推断，本文很可能选自于一本科技类杂志。故答案为A。

第二节

本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何办晚宴。

36. B 根据空格前句子中的关键词frightening和空格后句子中的关键词planing well可知，空格处的句子应该起着承上启下的作用。很显然，所填的句子应该具有转折的意味。在英语中，actually，in fact等实际上暗含有转折的意味。故答案为B。

37. C 根据空格前的句子“It is best to select a date for your dinner party in advance.”可知，如果提前为晚宴选好日期，这样就会有足够的时间作准备。很显然，选项C符合语境，衔接连贯。故答案为C。

38. F 本段第一句话“Decide on a style or theme for your dinner party.”指的是，要举办晚宴，要决定晚宴的风格或主题;而选项F指的是，要举办晚宴，还要决定邀请嘉宾的人数，also表明，选项F与本段第一句话是前后呼应的。另外，空格后句子中的关键词six to eight guests与选项F中的关键词the number of people也是相呼应的。故答案为F。

39. E 根据本段第一句话中的关键词 invite your guests. 和空格后句子中的关键词 invitations可知，本段主要讲的是邀请客人。很显然，选项E符合语境，前后衔接连贯。故答案为E。

40. A 根据空格所在的位置可知，所填的句子是主题句，其后的句子都是对主题句更详细、具体的说明或阐述。根据空格后句子中的关键词enjoy yourself可知，举办宴会一定要让自己感到快乐，与选项A中的关键词enjoy yourself相呼应。故答案为A。

第三部分 语言知识运用

第一节 完形填空

本文是记叙文。主要讲述了作者在母亲去世之后自学烹饪的心路历程。

41. B 根据空格后的信息“The only person that I wanted to talk to”可知，母亲是作者唯一能谈心的人。所以，母亲的去世使得作者很孤独。故答案为B。

42. A 根据前一句话中的“After she died”可知，作者永远失去了母亲。gone可用作形容词，表示“失去的”，符合语境。故答案为A。

43. C 44. D 根据后一句话“My mother made the best roast beef dinners in the world.”可知，作者母亲的烹饪手艺非常好，说明她学过烹饪，而且有很棒的食谱。

45. A 根据53空后的句子“I tried to teach myself to make a white sauce”可知，母亲并没有教作者如何烹饪。很显然，前后两个句子之间是转折关系。故答案为A。

46. D 作者的母亲烹饪手艺那么好，却没有教作者，说明教作者烹饪这件事情沒有列入她的日程安排。故答案为D。

47. A 根据后文的句子“Then she would bring it home”可推断，作者的母亲应该是在外面买好鱼派（fish pie）之后带回家。pick up可表示“购买”，符合语境。故答案为A。

48. C 根据前文内容可知，作者的母亲没有将教作者烹饪这件事情列入她的日程安排，也就是她没有抽时间去教作者。故答案为C。

49. C 根据语境可知，作者的母亲在世的时候没有教作者烹饪，母亲去世之后就只能是自学烹饪了。根据53空后的句子“I tried to teach myself to make a white sauce”也可知道答案。teach oneself表示“自学”，符合语境。故答案为C。

50. B 根据语境可知，作者不得不自学烹饪，所以某天晚上看到鱼派配料之后就买回家学着做调味汁。由此说明，作者一直将自学烹饪这件事放在心上。focus用作名词时可表示“（关注的）焦点”，符合语境。故答案为B。

51. D 根据空格前的信息“For the first few weeks，I survived”可知，母亲去世后的几个星期，作者还处于悲伤中，所以没有心思自学做饭，只能是靠方便食品勉强充饥度日。instant food表示“速食食品”，符合语境。故答案为D。

52. B 根据空格后句子“When I got it home”中的关键词got（此处get表示“买”）可知，是商店里的鱼派配料引起了作者的注意。故答案为B。

53. A （be）armed with表示“具备，拥有”;（be） compared with表示“与……相比较”;（be）faced with表示“面对，面临”;（be） occupied with表示“忙于”。根据语境可知，作者应该是根据手中的食谱学做调味汁，也就是作者拥有了一个食谱。故答案为A。

54. A 根据空格后的句子“Id made a white sauce！On my own！”可推断，作者不敢相信自己第一次做调味汁就能成功。故答案为A。

55. B 根据56空后的句子“I had hated for 25 years.”可知，作者一直都不喜欢鱼派。故答案为B。

56. D 根据语境可知，作者一直不喜欢鱼派，却尽心地做了调味汁。很显然，作者自己都不明白这是什么原因。故答案为D。

57. C 根据59空前的More importantly可知，作者不明白为什么做调味汁就突然变得那么重要了。故答案为C。

58. D 根据空格后的句子“It was delicious.”可知，只有吃了鱼派之后才能知道其味道很好。故答案为D。

59. B 根据语境可知，作者不明白自己一直以来很不喜欢鱼派，却为什么突然要学做调味汁，而且这件事情真真切切地发生了，作者应该是感到很奇怪。故答案为B。

60. C 根据空格后的句子“It calmed me.”可知，作者通过学做调味汁能够找到内心的宁静。故答案为C。

第二节

61. an  因play an important part是固定短语，表示“起重要的作用，扮演重要的角色”。

62. being  表示“意味着”，用mean doing sth。

63. earliest  根据后文的 the Shang Dynasty（商朝）可知，这里指的是最早的刺绣。

64. to 因date back to是固定搭配，表示“追溯到”。

65. wore 因At that time指的是商朝，故要使用一般过去时。

66. to show 此处要使用动词不定式表示目的。

67. various 因thread是名词，其前要用形容词修饰。

68. development  定冠词the后要接名词。

69. fortunately 句子的句首要使用副词，对整个句子进行评述。

70. but  因not only ... but also ... 是固定句式。注意：also可以省略。

第四部分 写作

第一节 短文改错

71. while改为when  因when在这作并列连词，相当于and then，表示“就在那时，突然，常见以下句型中： （1）be doing ... when ... 正在做……突然……：I was wandering through the streets when l caught sight of a tailors shop. （2）had done ... when ... 刚做了……突然……：I had just sat down when the light went out. （3）be about to do ... when ... 刚要做……突然……

72. catching改为caught “被雨淋湿了”表示被动，所以用过去分词。

73. how改为whether  这里表示“是否需要提供帮助”，所以用连接词whether。

74. his改为my  根据上文，“我给母亲带来一把伞”，这里表示“我的母亲在等待我”。

75. decide改为decided  描述过去的事情用一般过去时。

76. 删去been  因disappear是不及物动词，不用于被动语态，所以删去been。

77. regretfully改为regretful  这是一个感叹句，regretful是形容词作表语，其副词不可以作表语。

78. long改为longer 前面说“母亲在等我”，这里说“再多等我一会儿”，所以用比较级。

79. 在helping前面加上from   因keep sb. doing sth. 意思是“讓某人一直做某事”，而keep sbfrom doing sth意思是“阻止某人做某事”，根据上下文，这里表示“我的迟疑阻止了我去帮助困难中的人”。

80. minds改为mind  因bear（...） in mind 为习惯表达，意思是“牢记;记在心上”。

第二节 书面表达

One possible version

Dear Felix，

Im sincerely inviting you to join us for an outing to the countryside so as to enjoy the cozy rural life.

As is scheduled，we will gather at the gate of our school at 8 ∶ 00 a.m. on Saturday. Its about 20 kilometers from our school to our destination，so we will go there by bus. Not only can we get close to nature by taking a walk or picking fruit，but also we can get to know about the new agricultural technology. We will stay there for about six hours and come back at about 3 ∶ 00 p.m. I hope you wont miss the joyful trip. Your attendance is greatly expected.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours，

Li Hua

责任编辑 蒋小青