老李
In the midterm of Qing Dynasty, the calligraphy art turned a brand new page. There were many great calligraphers immerged at that time and He Shaoji was one of them. The academic world called him the Top 1 Calligrapher of Qing Dynasty, yet in the artistic market, he was underachieved. There are two reasons for that: first, He Shaoji was a pure calligrapher. Comparing with contemporary artists good at calligraphy and painting, his less popularity was imaginable; second, the unique personality in his calligraphy artworks was beyond the public aesthetic domain and can only be appreciated by the professionals. He left great amount of artworks, which might limit relevant market price, too. However, along with the increasing attention on the calligraphy artworks by the art collection market, He Shaojis artworks drew a lot of attention recently.
清中期,碑学大兴,书法艺术遂迎来崭新一页。传统文人的帖学书法与返璞归真的碑学书法相融合,造就出若干书坛大家,何绍基便是其中之一。学术界有一种说法,称何绍基为“清代书法第一人”,实非过誉。无论其当时的艺术成就,还是其对后世书家的影响,都当得起这一名头。
然而,在目前的艺术品市场上,与同代大家相比,何绍基却属于“后进”之人。其作品虽然被内行人们称道,收藏成交也算得活跃,但显然未能赢得大藏家的青睐,精品价位也只能止步于500万元以内。要知道,与之并列晚清书坛第一梯队的赵之谦,其书作早已突破千万元大关。
究其原因,大抵有两点:其一,何绍基是纯粹的书法家,与书画兼善的艺术家如赵之谦相比,知名度、曝光率自然不敌,事实上,在清代书法家之列,何绍基的作品并不算便宜;其二,何绍基的书作熔碑帖于一炉,极富个性韵味,即便到了今天,也无法将之置于大众审美范畴,这种只有内行人才看得懂的作品,能在市场上取得并不算差的成就,已属不易。
何绍基的书法得益于颜真卿最多。事实上,无论作书还是做人,何绍基对于颜真卿都极为推崇、倾慕。何绍基出身于书香门第。其父何凌汉曾任户部尚书,其本人自然也理所当然地走上仕途之路。然而,天性正直耿介的何绍基并不适应于当时的官场,没当几年官便得罪权贵,为人陷害,被降官调职。既如此,何绍基干脆辞官退隐,过起了周游山水、悠然自得的日子。悠游访古、教书讲学,虽于官场无所建树,却在学问书法上终成一代大家。
何绍基的书法,初学颜真卿,后学欧阳通,继而汉碑、魏碑。采众家之所长,融会贯通,使得何绍基的书法既有明显的传承态度,同时又具备其本人的风格姿态。他兼善众体,却将各体相融相成。其在行草书中融入篆、隶的质朴、古拙,笔笔有金石之声;在他的隶书中,又能明显看到流畅的行草笔势;同样,他的楷书也并非如晋唐那般规矩、方正,而是融汇了行草的流丽与篆隶的旷达,形成一种兼具淡雅与厚重的独特书风。
正因为此,或许很多不明就里的人会觉得何绍基的书法不甚“规矩”。然而,正是这种出于规矩而忘记规矩的创造,才让他的作品有了别出心裁的气韵与味道,也才让他本人成为后世书家仰望的偶像。如大师齐白石,亦坦承其书法得益于何绍基颇多。
何绍基一生游走四方,留下了大量作品,但这在今天的市场中却亦喜亦忧。可喜的是,人们可以透过作品更好地了解这位清代大家,更便于系统性收藏;可忧的是,物以稀为贵,作品存世量太大,则市场价位势必不会太高。不过,随着艺术品收藏市场对书法的日益重视,真正有实力的书家已逐漸脱颖而出,何绍基的作品虽然不算贵,但在近年中的涨势已引起了不少关注,业内人士纷纷看好其后市空间。