新时期对外开放需要“一带一路”引领

王海峰

改革開放是中国的基本国策，也是推动中国社会经济全面发展的根本动力。对外开放推动了中国特色社会主义市场经济建设，使得中国经济更加有效地融入全球经济，大大提升了中国参与全球竞争合作的能力，促进了国民经济和社会持续健康稳定发展。习近平主席倡导的“一带一路”为我国新时代改革开放指明了方向，注入了活力。

“‘一带一路”助力改革和开放互动发展。改革和开放是中国特色社会主义建设和经济社会发展的两大动力，二者相辅相成，缺一不可。对外开放为我国的经济改革提供了可供参考借鉴的经验和大量鲜活的案例，也使得我国企业在国外市场竞争中发展壮大，更是推动我国市场体制不断完善的外部动力。另一方面，随着改革的不断深化，又为更宽领域和更大范围内的对外开放打开了空间。

“‘一带一路”使我国由重点开放转向全面开放。随着改革开放的不断深化，中国对外开放不仅由点到面有序推进，而且也由重点领域开放向全方位开放展开。相对于我国制造领域的对外开放水平，服务业的对外开放还有较大空间。制造业对外开放帮助我国成为制造大国，服务业的对外开放也会帮助我国提高服务业的综合竞争能力。在市场准入负面清单试点试验的基础上，我国经济全面开放的条件已经成熟。‘“_带一路”框架下的政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通和国际产能合作的不断深入将会有力促进我国经济的全面开放。

新时代改革和开放需要“一带一路”建设引领。加入WTO前，中国参与全球经贸投资合作，主要是被动地适应全球经贸投资规则，通过贸易投资自由化来助力国内市场化改革。加入WTO后，中国开始主动参与全球经贸投资规则的制定，在继续扩大开放的同时，与东盟等十几个经济体开始自由贸易协定谈判，综合国力不断增强，成为制造业、出口和利用外资大国，在国际货币基金组织和世界银行的话语权和投票权明显上升。2013年，中国提出“一带一路”倡议，积极构建高水平自由贸易网络，推动区域全面经济伙伴关系（RCEP）和亚太自贸区（FTAAP）建设，成为全球和区域经济治理体系的建设者和维护者。

Opening-up boosts global development

By Wang Yiwei

A nalyzing the essence of reform and opening-up in Jhis speech on December 18 2018， President Xi said the two phenomena have entered a new era. As such， China should shoulder more responsibilities and share its experiences with other countries to promote mutual development.

China launched reform and opening-up to learn the salient features of economic development from advanced countries， and adapt itself to a world in transformation. Now after four decades of continuous and deepening reform and opening-up， China can offer "China solutions" to growth problems for other developing countries to consider.

China today stands at the same starting line as the West at a time when the international community is grappling with pressing problems such as a sluggish world economy， global warming and interest security. If the United States is trying to reform its immigration and medical insurance systems， theEuropean Union aims to reform its social welfare system andCentral and Eastern European countries are seeking reform partners. Reform is the new buzzword.

So the goal of China's reform should be to solve problems facing not only China but also other countries. China's reform should also help reform the world order for the better， make greater contribution to world progress by sharing its development experiences with less developed and other countries.

The Belt and Road Initiative， which embodies China’s four decades of reform and opening-up experience， is a public good and platform for global cooperation. And China’s independent and comprehensive industrial system will ensure the initiative leads to efficient and cost -effective cooperation.

Building a community with a shared future for mankind， too， is part of China- -proposed solutions to global development problems， as it is marked by cooperation and exchanges with other countries along the Belt and Road.

The author is deputy head of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism withChinese Characteristics in the New Era Research Academy， Renmin University of China