Study on the Dilemma, Model and Long-term Development of Old Community Governance

1. Prominent problems in the governance of old residential district

With the impact of the housing system reform，due to the lack of property management companies in old residential district and the heavy responsibilities of neighborhood committees，problems between governments and residents and between residents are more likely to explode：

Firstly，unmanned old residential district aggravates the burden of the neighborhood committee，on the one hand，it undertakes all the administrative functions given by the superior government，on the other hand，it is necessary to listen carefully to the opinions and suggestions of the masses.Therefore，it reduces the quality of public service supply of residential committees and fails to meet the high standards of modern residents.

Secondly，the disorder of community has seriously affected the stability of grassroots society.The government concentrates its efforts to systematically upgrade the residential infrastructure and exterior environment，However，due to the limitations of the old residential construction structure，insufficient green area in the community，all these problems have directly reduced the quality of residents’ life and intensified the contradiction between the government and residents.

Last but not least，the relationship between neighbors is complex.  The residents of old community are mainly composed of former employees of enterprises，laid-off workers and floating population.due to differences in thoughts，time and scope of activities problems，low degree of formalization of residents’ participation emerge in endlessly.At the same time，the lack of community public spirit also affects the cultivation of community cultural atmosphere.

2. Practical exploration of solving the dilemma of old residential district

First，the implementation of quasi-property management.That is to say，residents and neighborhood committees jointly manage the community，sub-district offices adopt the method of bidding.The way of raising property management fees through“residential payment and government subsidies”can meet the diversified needs of residents in residential districts.For example，since 2009， Hangzhou has taken the lead in putting forward the concept of”quasi-property management”in old residential districts，proposing a new model of combining blocks，giving priority to blocks，and integrating them into the unified management of communities.

Second，the mode of residents’ autonomous management.The owner committee composed of retired old comrades and enthusiastic residents in the community provides self service and self management.For example，the management of old residential districts in Northern District of Qingdao mostly adopts the self-governing mode.Driven by the residents’ Party committee and the self-governing committee，the communities carries out the pilot project of“bee service”mode，giving full play to the enthusiasm and initiative of residents in the community.

3. The measures to solve the dilemma of old residential district

3.1 Improving the design of the government’s responsibility system

Firstly，the government should make detailed and clear regulations on the management of old residential districts such as disorderly construction，public parking.Secondly，the government should actively introduce multi-subjects to carry out scientific and standardized community governance.first，the government should introduce the market mechanisms to achieve long-term development.second，the government should introduce third-party social organization mechanism，as well as guide social organizations actively make suggestions for community governance.

3.2 Strengthening the innovation of the “micro-governance” model of the community

In order to further standardize the management， the old community explores the mode of micro-governance， which is not only conducive to the implementation of government responsibility and corporate responsibility， but also conducive to promoting the participation of the masses. Specific measures are shown in the following aspects： first， make scientific plans based on meeting the micro-wish. Second， optimize the allocation of community resources.Third，gradually improve the micro-governance mechanism.

3.3 Mobilizing the endogenous power of residents’ participation

First， transform the traditional concept of residents， strengthen public awareness and public concept. Second， strengthen the awareness of residents’ participation， broaden the path of residents’ participation， and enhance the depth of residents’ participation. We should fully mobilize the willingness of the elderly to participate in community public activities; We should use modernization communication tools， namely QQ group; we should improve multi-platform for community participation.

References：

[1]Yan Zhilan，Deng Weizhi.Analysis of the Challenges and Path Innovations Faced by Urban Community Governance in China[J].Journal of Shanghai Administrative College，2014（7）.

【作者簡介】万广明，青岛大学。