张浩
摘要:玉磨铁路曼勒一号隧道下穿小磨高速公路勐远特大桥,由于高速公路已开通运营,隧道开挖施工过程中可能引起桥梁结构地基应力发生变化,产生位移,发生沉降,导致梁体混凝土局部应力过大,产生损伤;同时预防桥梁所在山体本身存在不稳定因素。因此必须在隧道施工期内对隧道洞内、洞顶地表、桥墩、隧道及桥墩所在山体进行监控量测并形成监控量测体系,通过监测数据指导隧道施工,控制形变过大,防止隧道施工对高速公路造成破坏,确保高速公路桥梁安全稳定。通过监测了解该工程条件下所表现、反映出来的一些变形规律和特点,为今后类似工程的施工提供借鉴、依据和指导作用。
Abstract: The Manle No.1 Tunnel of Yumo Railway passes through the Mengyuan bridge of Xiaomo Expressway. Since the expressway has been opened to traffic, the foundation stress of the bridge structure may change during the tunnel excavation process, resulting in displacement and settlement, resulting in too large local stress of the beam body concrete, causing damage; at the same time, there is instability in the mountain where the bridge is located. Therefore, during the tunnel construction period, it is necessary to monitor and measure the tunnel body, the pier top, the pier, the tunnel and the mountain where the pier is located, and form a monitoring and measurement system. The monitoring data guides the tunnel construction, to control deformation to prevent the highway from damage caused by tunnel construction, to ensured that the highway bridge is safe and stable. By monitoring and understanding some deformation laws and characteristics reflected under the engineering conditions, it will provide reference, basis and guidance for the construction of similar projects in the future.
關键词:监测体系;隧道;下穿;桥梁;应用
Key words: monitoring system;tunnel undercrossing;bridge application
中图分类号:U456.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2019)15-0125-05
1 工程概况
①玉磨铁路曼勒一号隧道位于云南省西双版纳傣族自治州勐腊县境内,隧道全长8280m,其进口工区长493m,采用双向掘进,隧道斜交37°近距离下穿已运营通车的小磨高速公路勐远特大桥第26跨(见图1)。
②玉磨铁路与小磨高速在2015年7月同时勘察期间,确定的铁路在高速公路交叉范围为DK445+970~DK446+110段140m(见图2)。
③玉磨铁路曼勒一号隧道(简称“隧道”)与小磨高速公路勐远特大桥(简称“桥梁”)交叉形式为新通车桥梁上跨在建隧道,隧道从桥梁25、26号桥墩中间通过,隧道开挖轮廓距25#-0桩基边缘净距4.71m、铁路轨面距桩底
-1.26m(见图3),距26#-1桩基边缘净距4.56m、铁路轨面距桩底-7.019m。
2 隧道地质概况
①全隧洞身围岩为侏罗系中统小红桥组(J2x)泥岩、砂岩夹砾岩,三叠系中统易比组(T2y)泥岩夹石英砂岩、板岩,二叠系中统长兴组上段(P2cb)砂岩夹泥岩、页岩、灰岩,下段(P2ca)灰岩,二叠系中统龙潭组(P2l)粉砂质泥岩夹砂岩、灰岩、煤层。单斜构造区域。不良地质为岩溶、有害气体、顺层偏压,特殊岩土为膨胀土。
②DK445+970~DK446+110段140m地质情况。地表为<2-2>人工填土(Q4ml),厚1~6m,坡残积粉质黏土<7-3>,厚0~4m。其下为二叠系中统龙潭组(P2l)粉砂质泥岩夹砂岩含炭质岩、煤层。黄灰、灰黑、浅灰、黄绿色,泥、钙质粉粒结构,薄层叶片状,变质作用明显,质软,具遇水软化崩解特性。全风化带(W4)厚1~4m,局部厚达9m;强风化带(W3)厚14~20m,其下为弱风化带(W2)。