PBL教学模式在全科住院医师心血管技能培训中的应用

高伟勤 王立波 杨光远

摘要：目的  探讨PBL教学模式在全科住院医师心血管技能培训中的教学效果。方法  选取我院心内科轮转的全科医师50人，随机分为试验组和对照组，每组25人。试验组采用PBL教学模式，对照组采用LBL教学模式。两个月后，考核理论知识、实践技能成绩并进行问卷调查，评价两组学生的教学效果。结果  试验组的理论知识成绩为（85.81±6.43）分，高于对照组的 （81.21±5.82）分，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组实践技能成绩为（88.52±7.52）分，高于对照组的（82.14±6.11）分;试验组教学的满意度（92.00%）优于对照组（80.00%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论  PBL 教学模式在提高学生理论知识及实践技能方面均有较好教学效果，且有较高满意度，值得在全科住院医师心血管技能规范化培训中推广。

关键词：PBL;教学模式;心血管技能培训;全科医师

中图分类号：C975;R4                               文献标识码：A                                DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.07.007

文章编号：1006-1959（2019）07-0020-02

Abstract：Objective  To explore the teaching effect of PBL teaching mode in cardiovascular skills training for general practitioners. Methods  A total of 50 general practitioners in our department of cardiology were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group， with 25 patients in each group. The experimental group adopted the PBL teaching mode， and the control group used the LBL teaching mode. Two months later， the theoretical knowledge， practical skills scores and questionnaire survey were conducted to evaluate the teaching effect of the two groups of students. Results The theoretical knowledge of the experimental group was （85.81±6.43）， which was higher than that of the control group （81.21±5.82）， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The experimental group's practical skill score was （88.52±7.52）. The score was higher than that of the control group （82.14±6.11）; the satisfaction of the experimental group （92.00%） was better than that of the control group （80.00%），the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion  The PBL teaching model has a good teaching effect in improving students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills， and has high satisfaction. It is worthy of promotion in the standardized training of cardiovascular skills for general residents.

Key words：PBL;Teaching mode;Cardiovascular skills training;General practitioner

全科醫师规范化 培训的目的是为基层诊疗系统输送合格的卫生人才，完成我们国家进行三级诊疗的医改目标，而心血管疾病居我国发病率及死亡率之首[1]，危急重症多，需要在基层及社区医院进行随访康复。培养全科医师的院前急救技能及冠心病、高血压等慢性病的长期管理能力可有效控制心血管疾病的发病率及死亡率，提高康复率。探索教学效果更好的模式，对全科医师进行规范化的心血管疾病诊治技能培训是一项紧迫的任务。随着教育改革的不断发展，以问题为基础的教学模式（problem-based learning，PBL）已成为医学教育的一个方向[2]。在佳木斯大学附属第一医院心内科的教学过程中，PBL教学模式应用取得了很好的教学效果及教学满意度，现报道如下。