哈工大建筑学人：不驰空想，不骛虚声

梅洪元/MEI Hongyuan

作者单位：哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院

4月的哈尔滨，乍暖还寒。忙忙碌碌辗转各地的差旅间隙，体味着季节的变换和新朋老友相见的快意。卸任建筑学院院长以来的大半年时间，我全部心力都投在了建筑创作中，接到《世界建筑》张利主编关于“哈工大建筑学人”的邀约时还是严冬，倏然间就已到交稿的日子，只好停下勾勒方案的笔，把这段时间在脑海中浮现的关于校友们的片段拾起来，试着拼出相对清晰的群像。但显然这非常难，即便是我这个1978年就进入学校（当时名为哈尔滨建筑工程学院），40多年来见证并参与过建筑学科发展的老人儿，也很难悉知从这里走出去的学人们的现状，更妄谈对他们做出具有共识性的定义，所以不仅迟迟未能动笔，偶尔还会冒出“交白卷儿”的念头。不过凭着担任建筑学院院长9年时间的经历，通过学院老师有组织地收集到的校友们的讯息，以及这些年我在行业中的耳闻所见，逐渐形成了一些关于“哈工大建筑学人”的素材，但写下作为本期的篇首语恐有偏颇，好在这之后就是优秀学人代表的自我阐述，我们的文字或许会成为相互的一扇窗，从中看到之前未曾看到过的自己和他人。

哈尔滨工业大学的历史可以追溯到1920年建校的哈尔滨中俄工业学校，创校之初的两个学科之一——“铁路建设科”在两年后更名为“铁路建筑系”。其后无论是被日本人接管还是全面学习苏联，都进一步地奠定了学校在全国范围内“工程师摇篮”的至高地位。1958年学科建设由民到军的转变，更强化树立了学校的整体工科优势。在这样的背景下接受建筑教育的学人，自然而然地遵循着哈工大人“规格严格、功夫到家”的校训，潜移默化地因承了哈工大人务实求真、踏实肯干的精神，奔赴五湖四海，投身地方建设。虽志存高远，俯首甘为孺子牛却是哈工大建筑学人的普遍写照，默默无闻地匠心深耕是大多数人甘之如饴的工作常态：不做宏大的愿景铺陈，基于人本，扎扎实实地用心把每一件事情做好，无论创作，还是管理，抑或教育，以及研究。常怀生、张家骥、梅季魁、侯幼彬、邓林翰、郭恩章、陶友松、程友玲等先生是我们入学时的老师，他们中的几位直到2000年左右仍倾力于学院的平台建设工作。在他们的影响和感召下，77级、78级的多位同学留在母校任教，大大补充了建筑学科的师资力量：除我之外，张伶伶、金广君、刘德明、徐苏宁、刘大平、张姗姗、邹广天等同学在先生们的引领下，多年来不断夯实着哈工大建筑学教育的基础。当然还有很多人毕业后在不同院校建筑学科经年的建设发展中发挥了举足轻重的作用；更多人则埋首职业建筑师生涯，潜心设计，通过大量实践积累形成在行业内具有品牌影响的业务板块；还有在地产业打拼多年业绩斐然、惦念反哺母校教育发展的杰出学人们，也都是低调做事的代表。“中流砥柱”一词，是对绝大部分哈工大建筑学人的准确描述。以规训实践为主的教育基底，持续培养了一批又一批在自己的领域内追求卓越、少有空谈的坚实力量。

学校虽隅守边陲，但创立之初便是国际合作办学，直至1950年代，仍有着非常明显的国际化特征，很多外籍师资执掌教学一线。待到我们这代人入学，便赶上了“出国潮”的兴起，时至今日，出国求学和工作已经不再是稀罕事情。自我们这代人开始，从课堂学习到亲身体验甚至长期浸润国际交流的进程被快速推进。一个地区、一座城市甚至一个国家文化的特殊性往往在更大的范围更易得到凸显和认知。走出去，不仅对根植于不同环境的文化体察更敏锐，更不断触发自身的内省。以全球视野传承地域文化，不激进求新，不一味守旧，坚持在地深耕，致力一业求索，是哈工大建筑学人的掠影之一。这一点从学院的优势传统研究方向可窥一二。早在60多年前，视国家需要，开学界先河，梅季魁教授率先进行了全国范围内的体育建筑实地调研及系统研究，之后不仅陆续完成了大量富有影响力的场馆设计，更通过本科设计课程训练和研究生课题研究培养了一批又一批设计和研究能力并举的人才，国内很多从事体育建筑设计及研究的专家学者都师出此门，屡有作品斩获国际奖项。而立足东北寒地，学院师生多年来在教学和研究中不断探索适应寒冷地区的设计策略，优化相应技术，并通过寒地建筑科学实验室的平台建设，与国际知名科研机构协作，学术成果的实践转化不仅造福一方水土，更在一代又一代学生心中埋下珍视地方环境和风土的种子。

我入学那年恰逢改革开放，这40余年，打开的不仅是国门，还有观念，带来的不仅是经济的跃升，还有价值的多元。建筑学科的外延随之不断拓展，建筑不再仅仅是居住的机器、美学的载体，已然成为传达观念和表征价值的媒介。建筑学科与不同学科的交互合作也日趋广泛，日益紧密。或有意追索，或潜移默化，哈工大建筑学人此间代有新辈。无论教育一线，还是创作实践，对价值和意义的追索常会引发对过往模式和方法的改变甚至颠覆，这需要迎接挑战破釜沉舟的勇气，以及直面质疑坚定不移的信念。走前人没走过的路，艰辛，但心中对可期未来的憧憬和描摹让先驱者们甘愿忍受一时孤独。这40多年来，学院无论在人才培养还是学术探索方面都在夯实学科核心的基础上不断推新，老师们的自觉垂范深刻影响着从这里走出去的每一位学人，怀着对建筑的虔诚热忱，不甘建筑落入窠臼、归于平庸，努力于日常中探求奇迹。

停笔至此，似乎仍然没能定义出哈工大建筑学人的鲜明特征，但这也正是哈工大建筑学人的特点——不驰空想，不骛虚声。脑海中一张张闪回的面庞，少有耀眼之星，但坚实厚重的学养让哈工大建筑学人凝成千钧力，成为建筑界如磐石般的中坚力量，不言自重。□

In April, coldness still lingers in Harbin. I have been travelling in different places and experiencing seasonal changes and joy of meeting new and old friends. I have devoted all my efforts and energy to architectural creation since I retired from the position as Dean of the School of Architecture more than 6 months ago. It was in the severe winter that I received the invitation on "HIT Architectural Alumni" sent by ZHANG Li, Chief Editor of World Architecture. Time flying, the deadline for manuscript delivery has come, so I have to stop my pen to outline a scheme with to pick up fragments that appeared in my mind about alumni and try to piece together relatively clear group images.However, it is obviously very difficult. Even for me,an old man who entered this university in 1978(formerly known as Harbin Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute) and had been witnessing and participating in the development of architectural discipline in the past more than 40 years, it is hard to know the status quo of scholars who walked out from here, not to mention making any consistent definition on them, so I have delayed writing again and again, I had hit on an idea of "hand in blank examination papers" occasionally. However,depending on my nine-year experiences as Dean of the School of Architecture, messages about alumni systematically collected by the teachers of the School of Architecture, as well as what I have seen and heard in the architectural industry in the past years, materials with regard to "HIT Architectural Alumni" have gradually been formed. But it seems biased if such materials are written as introductory remarks of this issue. Fortunately, what follows this are self-descriptions made by excellent scholar representatives, and our words may become a window for each other to observe the self and others never seen before.

History of Harbin Institute of Technology(HIT) can be traced back to the Harbin Sino-Russian Industrial School founded in 1920. One of two disciplines at the beginning of school:Railway Construction discipline was renamed as the Railway Construction Department two years later. Thereafter, whether it was taken over by Japanese, or it learned from the USSR in all aspects,its supreme position as the countrywide "Engineers'Cradle" had been further enhanced. The civil to military transition of disciplinary construction in 1958 had further strengthened and consolidated the school's overall advantages in engineering courses.Scholars who received architectural education under such background naturally followed the school motto of "Strict Specifications and Thorough Knowledge" and unobtrusively and imperceptibly succeeded HIT people's spirit of seeking truth from facts and working diligently", and devoting themselves to local construction throughout China.Though aiming high, "being modesty combined with the spirit of willingly serving the young and weak"is the general motto of HIT architectural scholars,namelessly ploughing in depth with ingenuity and without attracting public attention is the normal working state of most people, gladly enduring hardships, not making any grand elaboration, just carefully doing everything well based on humanism and in a down-to-earth manner not only in creation but also in, management or education as well as research. CHANG Huaisheng, ZHANG Jiaji, MEI Jikui, HOU Youbin, DENG Linhan, GUO Enzhang,TAO Yousong, CHENG Youling, etc. taught us when we studied at university, some of whom were still putting upon their full stretch on platform construction until the time around the year of 2000.Under their in fluences and inspirational motivation,a number of schoolmates admitted in 1977 and 1978 worked as teachers in their Alma Mater after graduation, greatly supplementing the faculty of architectural disciplines. Besides me, Zhang Lingling,Jin Guangjun, Liu Deming, Xu Su Ning, Liu Daping,Zhang Shanshan, Zou Guangtian and other alumni have been continuously tamping the foundation of architectural education of HIT for many years under the guidance of those senior teachers. Of course, many schoolmates have played a decisive role in construction and development of architectural discipline in different colleges and universities for many years since their graduation; more people are immersing themselves in the career as professional architects, devoting themselves to design, forming a business block with brand in fluences in the industry through much practical accumulation; there are also many excellent scholars who have been striving in the real estate industry for many years and made brilliant achievements, who are concerned about repaying their Alma Mater, and also representatives of doing business at a low tone. The word "mainstay"correctly depicts the contribution of HIT architectural alumni. One batch after another solid strength which is pursing excellence in its field with few of empty talks have been continuously trained up on the educational foundation that places focus on instruction and practice.

Although the school is located in the border area, it was running through international cooperation at its beginning, with very obvious internationalised characteristics until the 1950s,including many foreign teachers in teaching. When our generation entered the school, the tide of "going abroad" was popular. At present, studying and working abroad is no longer a rare event. Since our generation, the process from classroom learning to first-hand experiencing, or even to long-term immersing in international exchanges has been fast advanced. Cultural particularity of a region, a city or even a country becomes more obvious and easier to recognise. Going out can contribute not only to acuter experience and observation of cultures deeply rooted in various environments, but also to continuous introspection. Inheriting regional cultures from an international perspective, neither seeking any radical innovation, nor invariably sticking to something conservative, persisting in deep ploughing and striving for exploration in one industry is one of glimpses of HIT architectural alumni. This point can be seen partially through the direction of the school's traditional advantageous researches. As early as 60 years ago, Professor MEI Jikui took the lead in conducting site investigation and systematic research on nationwide sports buildings as a forerunner of the academic circle as per national requirements, successively completed a large number of influential stadium designs thereafter, and even trained up generations of of talented students through undergraduate and graduate training programmes for design and research. Many domestic experts and scholars engaged in sports building design and research were taught by him, and many of their works have been granted international prizes. Based on the Northeast frigid region, teachers and students of the school have been continuously exploring design strategies suitable for the frigid region in teaching and research for many years, optimising corresponding techniques, and cooperating with internationally famous scientific research institutions through platform construction for frigid region scientific laboratory. The practical transformation of academic achievements has not only benefited one region,but also sown the seed in people to cherish the local environment and natural conditions in minds of one generation of students after another.

The year when I was admitted by the school coincided with the reform and opening-up. In the past 40 years and more, what has been opened is not only the national gateway, but also our ideas; what has been brought to us is not only rapid economic growth, but also value pluralism. The extension of the architectural discipline has been consequently expanded. A building is more than a machine to live in and an aesthetic carrier, and it has become a medium for conveying ideas and representing values. Interactive cooperation between the architectural discipline and different disciplines is becoming increasingly broad and close. Or intentionally pursing, or changing and influencing unobtrusively and imperceptibly, new talents have emerged from every generation of HIT architectural alumni. Whether at the front line of education or in architectural practicing, the pursuit of values and significances often bring about changes or even subversion of previous patterns and methods,which requires the courage to face all challenges in the way of cutting off all means of retreat, as well as the unswerving conviction of facing all questions squarely. Embarking on a road which has never been taken by forefathers and tackling difficulties never met by forefathers, longing for and depicting an expectable future in mind made pioneers be able to bear temporary solitude. In the past 40 years and more, the school has been continuously making innovations on the basis of tamping disciplinary core in terms of personnel training and academic exploration, and teachers' conscious demonstration has been influencing every scholar who has gone out from here. With piety and enthusiasm for architecture, they are unwilling to leave any building in a set pattern or moderate pattern, striving to seek miracles in routine practice.

Despite the above being written, it seems that the vivid characteristics of HIT architectural scholars have not been defined yet, but it is just the characteristics of HIT alumni, pursuing no fantasy and making no deceptive show of power.Faces are flashing in my mind one by one, few of whom are glaring stars, but solid and decorous accomplishments have solidified HIT architectural scholars to a hundredweight force and made them as mainstay as firm as a rock in the architecture circle,and self-evident. □