一般过去时用法聚焦

2018-12-31 00:00:00曲永华
考试与评价·八年级版 2018年7期

一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

一、一般过去时的基本结构

1. 实义动词一般过去时各种句型结构:

肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他

I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看了电影。

否定句:主语+didnt+动词原形+其他

I didnt go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没去看电影。

一般疑问句及其回答:Did+主语+动词原形+其他

肯定回答:Yes, 主语+did

否定回答:No, 主语+didnt / did not

—Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗?

—Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没去。

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他

—Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了?

—I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。

2. be动词一般过去时各种句型结构:

肯定句:主语+was / were+其他

I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。

否定句:主语+ wasnt / werent+其他

I wasnt at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。

一般疑问句及其回答:Were / Was+主语+其他

肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was / were

否定回答:No, 主语+wasnt / werent

—Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗?

—Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. 是的,我在家。/ 不,我不在家。

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+were / was+主语+其他

—Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿?

—I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。

二、一般过去时的构成

三、一般过去时的标志词

1. 介词+表示过去时间的年、月、日,如in 1989等。

2. yesterday以及由yesterday构成的短语,如yesterday morning / afternoon / evening, the day before yesterday等。

3. 带有ago的短语,如three days ago, five years ago等。

4. last构成的短语,如last week / year / month等。

5. 表示过去的词或短语,如once, at that time, just now等。

四、肯定句变为否定句

1. 含有系动词was, were时→直接在其后加not。

2. 含有情态动词could等时→直接在其后加not。

3. 含有实义动词时→在该动词前加did not / didnt,并且该动词变为原形。

五、陈述句变一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

1. 变一般疑问句时,若句中有be动词或情态动词,则把它们移到句首。

2. 变一般疑问句时,若句中是行为动词,则在句首加Did,谓语动词改为原形。

3. 变特殊疑问句时,则需在一般疑问句基础上加上特殊疑问词。

【练一练】

1. —Where did you go last weekend?

—I ____ to the Great Wall.

A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone

2. —There is someone knocking at the door.

—It must be the computer repairman. I ____ him to come to fix my computer.

A. call B. have called C. called D. will call

3. —Im sorry, Mr. Hu. I ____ my English exercise book at home.

—It doesnt matter. Please remember ____ it here this afternoon.

A. forgot; to bring B. left; to take C. forgot; to take D. left; to bring

4. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I ____ half of it.

A. missed B. was missing C. will miss D. would miss

5. —Dont you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?

—Sorry, I ____. But now I know parking here is not right.

A. dont B. didnt C. hadnt D. doesnt