一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
一、一般过去时的基本结构
1. 实义动词一般过去时各种句型结构:
肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他
I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看了电影。
否定句:主语+didnt+动词原形+其他
I didnt go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没去看电影。
一般疑问句及其回答:Did+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+did
否定回答:No, 主语+didnt / did not
—Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗?
—Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 是的,我去了。/ 不,我没去。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他
—Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了?
—I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。
2. be动词一般过去时各种句型结构:
肯定句:主语+was / were+其他
I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
否定句:主语+ wasnt / werent+其他
I wasnt at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。
一般疑问句及其回答:Were / Was+主语+其他
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was / were
否定回答:No, 主语+wasnt / werent
—Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗?
—Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. 是的,我在家。/ 不,我不在家。
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+were / was+主语+其他
—Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿?
—I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
二、一般过去时的构成
三、一般过去时的标志词
1. 介词+表示过去时间的年、月、日,如in 1989等。
2. yesterday以及由yesterday构成的短语,如yesterday morning / afternoon / evening, the day before yesterday等。
3. 带有ago的短语,如three days ago, five years ago等。
4. last构成的短语,如last week / year / month等。
5. 表示过去的词或短语,如once, at that time, just now等。
四、肯定句变为否定句
1. 含有系动词was, were时→直接在其后加not。
2. 含有情态动词could等时→直接在其后加not。
3. 含有实义动词时→在该动词前加did not / didnt,并且该动词变为原形。
五、陈述句变一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
1. 变一般疑问句时,若句中有be动词或情态动词,则把它们移到句首。
2. 变一般疑问句时,若句中是行为动词,则在句首加Did,谓语动词改为原形。
3. 变特殊疑问句时,则需在一般疑问句基础上加上特殊疑问词。
【练一练】
1. —Where did you go last weekend?
—I ____ to the Great Wall.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone
2. —There is someone knocking at the door.
—It must be the computer repairman. I ____ him to come to fix my computer.
A. call B. have called C. called D. will call
3. —Im sorry, Mr. Hu. I ____ my English exercise book at home.
—It doesnt matter. Please remember ____ it here this afternoon.
A. forgot; to bring B. left; to take C. forgot; to take D. left; to bring
4. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I ____ half of it.
A. missed B. was missing C. will miss D. would miss
5. —Dont you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?
—Sorry, I ____. But now I know parking here is not right.
A. dont B. didnt C. hadnt D. doesnt