瓜实蝇性别决定基因tra—2的克隆及表达分析

2018-05-14 14:44曾秀丹龚治彭正强金启安温海波马光昌
热带作物学报 2018年4期
关键词:成虫克隆昆虫

曾秀丹 龚治 彭正强 金启安 温海波 马光昌

摘 要 本研究对瓜实蝇Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett的性别决定基因tra-2的cDNA序列进行了克隆和分析。根据转录组数据库及序列同源性分析,分别克隆并获得瓜实蝇雌雄成虫tra-2的基因片段,利用生物信息软件对所得序列进行分析;采用qPCR技术,研究该基因在瓜实蝇不同发育阶段的表达情况。研究结果表明,瓜实蝇tra-2基因的cDNA序列共1 450 bp,无性别特异性,含753 bp的开放阅读框,共编码250个氨基酸。该基因在瓜实蝇不同发育阶段均有不同的表达量,瓜实蝇tra-2基因具有母体遗傳表达特性,在胚胎期的表达量较高,雌成虫表达量显著高于雄成虫。

关键词 瓜实蝇;性别决定;tra-2;qPCR

中图分类号 S433 文献标识码 A

Abstract In this paper, the sex determination gene tra-2 cDNA sequence of B. cucurbitae Coquillett was cloned and analyzed. According to the transcriptome database and sequence homology analysis, the male and female tra-2 gene fragments of the B. cucurbitae were cloned and analyzed by bioinformatics software. The qPCR technique was used to study the effects of different development stage of the expression of the situation. The results showed that the cDNA sequence of tra-2 gene of B. cucurbitae was 1 450 bp in length, without sex-specific transtript. The open reading frame of tra-2 was 753 bp in length, which encoding a polypeptide of 250 amino acids. tra-2 gene of B. cucurbitae had different expression levels in different developmental stages. It had maternal genetic effects with high expression in the embryonic period, and female adult expressed significantly more than male adult.

Key words melon fly; sex determination; tra-2; qPCR

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2018.04.020

瓜实蝇Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett,属双翅目Diptera,实蝇科Tephritidae,为中国进境植物检疫性有害生物[1],属于钻蛀性害虫,危害葫芦科、茄科以及番木瓜、番石榴等120多种蔬菜和水果[2-7],已在我国广东、广西、海南等地造成严重危害[5, 7-11]。瓜实蝇繁殖能力强,一年发生多代,世代重叠,以蛹或成虫越冬[12],严重危害到各类果蔬的种植与生产[13-15]。

昆虫种类繁多,其性别决定机制复杂多样,了解昆虫的性别决定机制,有助于理解昆虫性别分化调控的过程,为人类有效控制害虫、高效利用益虫提供新的方向。昆虫的性别决定机制分为环境性别决定和遗传性别决定,目前环境性别决定的分子研究还较少,而对遗传性别决定的研究很多。在黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)中,性别决定是一个遗传级联式过程,主要涉及性染色体初始信号原件、sxl、tra、tra-2、dsx等基因[16-17]。明确昆虫的性别调控机制,结合RNAi技术,可人为调控昆虫的性别发育方向,用于昆虫不育技术的研究[18]。

本研究利用基因克隆技术,得到瓜实蝇性别决定基因tra-2的全长序列,并对氨基酸序列进行分析,利用荧光定量qPCR技术对该基因在瓜实蝇不同发育阶段的表达量进行了分析,为该基因日后的功能研究及释放携带显性致死基因的技术研究奠定基础。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

供试昆虫:瓜实蝇为中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所入侵害虫课题组提供。成虫与幼虫均以人工饲料饲养,饲养条件为(27±0.5)℃,RH (50±5)%,光周期为14L : 10D。

试剂:TransZol Up Plus RNA Kit、TransScript? One-Step gDNA Removal and cDNA Synthesis SuperMix、pEASY?-T1 Cloning Kit、TransScript?Tip Green qPCR SuperMix等均购于北京全式金生物有限公司,Gel Exteaction Kit、Gel Mini Kit购于美国Omega Bio-Tek,无水乙醇购于西陇科学,三氯甲烷购于广州化学试剂厂,甘油购于Solarbio。

仪器:Centrifuge 5810R台式冷冻高速离心机、Thermo Scientific PCR仪、Thermo Scientific(Nanodrop 2000c)超微量紫外分光光度计、Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 6荧光定量PCR仪。

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