辛献云
在一年一度的“双十一”购物狂欢节期间,不少网购狂人在不停地买买买之余,少不了要大喊“剁手”,甚至表示“下个月只有吃土了”。本期我们就来谈谈“剁手”和“吃土”的英译。
“剁手”的英译
所谓“剁手”,是指某些人在网上购物时,看到自己喜欢的东西就往购物车里放,也不管自己是否真的需要,就下单交款,不知不觉就把信用卡刷爆了,看着自己买的一堆有用没用的东西,不禁懊恼不已,大呼“真想剁了自己的手”。但是下次再遇到自己心仪的商品,还是忍不住买买买,直到再次后悔要“剁手”,就这样周而复始,东西买了一大堆,手却始终完好无损,有人戏称这种人是“千手观音”——有着剁不完的手。久而久之,这类人成了“剁手党”“剁手族”,而“剁手”也成了“购物”的代名词。
翻译“剁手”“剁手党”最直截了当的译文就是hand-chopping以及hand-chopping people或a hand-chopper,例如:
①再买我就“剁手”。
Im gonna chop off my hands if I buy again.
②光棍节那天,她疯狂网购,当了回“剁手党”。
On Singles Day, she engaged in crazy online shopping, becoming a hand-chopper as netizens have termed it.
但当“剁手”“剁手党”初次出现时,应当加以说明,以防读者误解,以为是恐怖片里的剁手狂魔,或是一种自残行为。比如新华网的英语新闻在介绍“剁手党”时,就进行了如下说明:
“Hand-chopping people?” Sorry? Did so many people chop off their hands in China?
Relax. Its not a term about felony (刑事重罪) or suicide that is rising in the worlds most populous nation, but a noun describing the spending spree (疯狂消费) of Chinese consumers during frenzied online shopping promotions.
或者这样解释:
“Hand-chopping people” are big online spenders who self-mockingly (自嘲地) say that they would like to chop their hands off after buying too much online.
有时为了避免误解,也可借用英语中现有的表示购物狂的词来翻译“剁手党”,比如shopaholic、shopping maniac、oniomania、shopping addict等。例如:
①我室友是个“剁手党”。
My roommate is a shopaholic/shopping maniac.
②一月份的打折促销对“剁手党”有着巨大的诱惑力。
The January sales can provide shopaholics with far too much temptation.
但当“剁手”代指“购物”或“疯狂购物”时,就不能按字面翻译,而要根据实际意义灵活处理。例如:
①昨晚一时没忍住,又“剁手”了。
Last night I couldnt help buying/doing online shopping again.
②最后一小时中,仍有来自230个国家的消费者忙着“剁手”。
In the last hour, there were still consumers from 230 countries maniacally engaged in the shopping spree.
③地球人已经阻止不了我女朋友“剁手”了。
No one on earth can stop my girlfriend from buying online crazily.
“吃土”的英译
后来,“剁手”似乎已无法表达人们对网购欲罢不能的心情,另一个同样极具夸张色彩的词应运而生,那就是“吃土”。“吃土”一词源于2015年“双十一”购物狂欢节,是网友对自己疯狂购物超出预算的一种自嘲,意为由于花费太多,下个月已无钱吃饭,只能“吃土”。“吃土”由此成了“口袋里没钱”的代名词。和“剁手”一样,这个词也是一种夸张说法,并不是真正地吃土。那么,该怎样将“吃土”译成英语呢?
巧合的是,英语中也有“吃土”的表达,即eating ones dust,但此“土”非彼“土”,这里的“吃土”是指在田径比赛中远超对方,让对方跟在后面,吃自己扬起的尘土,所以“吃某人的土”就是被某人远远甩在后面的意思。例如:
①The veteran runner was performing at the best of his career, and everyone else in the race ate his dust.
那个赛跑老将发挥出运动生涯中的最佳水平,其他人都望尘莫及,被远远甩在后面。
②Weve been eating the competitors dust since they released their new line of smartphones.
自从竞争对手推出了新的智能手机生产线,我们一直望尘莫及。
为了避免和eat ones dust混淆,我们可以将“吃土”译为eat dirt/soil或live on dirt/soil。例如:
①过完“双十一”,我就要“吃土”了。
After November 11, Ill have nothing but soil/dirt to eat.
②我花了太多的钱网购,看来下个月只能“吃土”啦。
I spent too much money shopping online. It seems that I will have to live on dirt next month.
BBC也是用eating soil表达了这一概念:
The term eating soil also became a trending hashtag on Weibo, a common term in China for being so poor you could only afford dirt for meals.
此外,“吃土”也可以借用英语现有的表达方法进行翻译,以求达意。英语中表达“不名一文”的词语有很多,比如penniless、poverty-stricken (一贫如洗)、not have a bean (身无分文)、stony-broke (身无分文)、flat broke (身无分文)、without two pennies to rub together (身无分文)、not to have a single penny left (身无分文)、to be skint (身无分文)、on ones uppers (穿着只剩下鞋帮、没有鞋底的鞋子,指穷困潦倒)、down and out (贫困潦倒)等等。
①我如果失业了,我们就只能“吃土”了。
If I were unemployed we wouldnt have a bean to spend.
②我宁愿“吃土”也不愿意干那种工作。
I wouldnt take that job even if I were skint.
③我所有的钱都买iPhone 6了,现在只有“吃土”了。
I have spent all my money on this iPhone 6. Now I am stony-broke.
“剁手”与“吃土”都是采用夸张手法形容冲动式的、非理性的网购消费,带有自嘲、戏谑的色彩,翻译时为求形象,应尽量使用直译法,保留原词所具有的独特色彩,但在容易引起误解的场合,应使用英语中固有的表达,以求达意。