by Rich Preston
翻译:法比仔
鸽子—伦敦的新一代环保斗士
by Rich Preston
翻译:法比仔
环境问题现已成为全球越来越多人关注的焦点,而空气更是我们人类及其他生物赖以生存的必需品。当空气被污染,我们的生活环境又会变成什么样子呢?正是在这个关键时刻,空中翱翔的鸽子摇身变成了人类信赖的环保斗士!想知道可爱的鸽子们是如何为环保做出贡献的吗?一起来看看吧!
1) dropping [drɒpIŋ】 n. 动物的粪便
2) cite [saIt】 v. 引述
3) release [rI'liːs】 v. 发布,释放
4) pressure ['preʃə】 v. 向……施加压力
5) underway ['ʌndə'weI】 adj. 正在进行中的
Pigeons in London have a bad reputation. Some people call them flying rats, and many blame them for causing pollution with their1)droppings. But now the birds are being used to fight another kind of pollution in this city of 8.5 million people.
“The problem for air pollution is that it’s been largely ignored as an issue for a long time,” says Andrea Lee. “People don’t realize how bad it is,and how it actually affects their health.”
“London’s poor air quality is linked to nearly 10,000 early deaths a year,” Lee says,2)citing a report3)released by the mayor last year. “If people were better informed about the pollution they’re breathing,” she says, “they could4)pressure the government to do something about it.”
On a windy hill in London’s Regent’s Park, an experiment is5)underway. It all began when Pierre Duquesnoy, the creative director for a marketing firm, won a London Design Festival contest last year to show how a world problem could be solved by using Twitter. Duquesnoy chose the problem of air pollution.
“6)Basically, I realized how important the problem was,”he says. “But also I realized that most of the people around me didn’t know anything about it.”
Duquesnoy says he wants to better measure pollution,while at the same time making the results7)accessible to the public.
“So,” he wonders, “how would we go across the city quickly to try to get as much data as possible?”
Drones are his first thought. But it’s illegal to fly them over London.
“But pigeons can fly above London, right?” he says.“Actually, they are Londoners as well. So, yeah, I thought about using pigeons.”
His next task is to8)link up with a pigeon racer and his9)flock. That’s when Brian Woodhouse came into the picture. He’s a member of the Royal Racing Pigeon Association. He’s kept pigeons for about 65 years.
Woodhouse has brought to the park a10)wicker cage holding seven of his racing pigeons. The birds will be fitted with pollution11)sensors and released in different parts of the city all week. The readings are analyzed to inform Londoners about their air quality.
Woodhouse says pigeons are perfect for the project.
“I liked the sound of it,” he says. “I thought it was an extremely good idea, knowing that the pigeons in the First World War and the Second World War used to fly with12)vital messages for our troops and allies.”
“Today, pigeons can continue to bring important information,” Woodhouse says.
He and Duquesnoy begin attaching tiny13)harnesses around the pigeons’ bodies. Each little14)backpack holds a pollution sensor weighing less than an15)ounce. The sensors measure16)carbon monoxide and other air pollutant levels.
“These little sensors17)track your18)exposure to19)nitrogen dioxide, to20)ozone, to these gases that affect your health,”says Romain Lacombe. “And that’s the technology we’re going to fly on the back of a pigeon through London today.”
Lacombe says his company has developed a mobile app that tracks pollution in about 300 cities, so that people can change their outdoor activities if the air is bad.
So it might be time for Londoners to have more respect for their pigeons. The birds may just be helping to21)improve the quality of the city’s air.
6) basically ['beIsIkəlI】 adv. 基本地,主要地
7) accessible [ək'sesIbəl】
adj. 容易取得的,容易接近的
8) link up with 与……衔接
9) flock [flɒk】 n. 畜群
10) wicker cage 柳条笼子
11) sensor ['sensə】 n. 传感器,感测器
12) vital ['vaItəl】 adj. 极为重要的,关系重大的
13) harness ['hɑːnIs】 n. 挽具状带子
14) backpack ['bækpæk】 n. 背包,背囊
15) ounce [auns】 n. 盎司
16) carbon monoxide 一氧化碳
17) track [træk】 v. 跟踪,追踪
18) exposure [Ik'spəuʒə】 n. 暴露
19) nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮
20) ozone ['əuzəun】 n. 臭氧
21) improve [Im'pruːv】 v. 改善,改良
在伦敦,鸽子的名声不太好。有些人称它们为会飞的老鼠,也有很多人埋怨它们,因为它们的排泄物会造成污染。但现在,在这个有着850万人口的城市里,鸽子正被用作对抗另一种污染的好帮手。
“长期以来,空气污染的问题一直在于人们很大程度上并没有把它当作问题,”安德烈娅·李说道。“人们没有意识到空气污染有多么严重,也没意识到这实际上影响到了他们的健康。”
“在伦敦,每年有将近10,000人因恶劣的空气质量而早逝,”李根据去年市长发布的一份报告说道。“如果人们能够更清楚地了解他们呼吸着的空气的污染情况,”她说,“他们就可以向政府施加压力,要求政府采取应对措施。”
在伦敦摄政公园里一座风大的山上,有项实验正在进行当中。就在一个销售公司的创意总监皮埃尔·迪凯努瓦在去年的伦敦设计节中通过展示如何使用推特解决世界性问题赢得了比赛时,这个实验便应运而生。他选择的世界性问题正是空气污染。
“基本上,我认识到了这个问题有多么重要,”他说。“但我同样意识到我身边的大多数人对此都一无所知。”
迪凯努瓦说他想要进一步监测空气污染的情况,同时,他也要让公众能够悉知这些结果。
“那么,”他想,“我们怎样才能快速地穿过整个城市去获取尽可能多的数据呢?”
他首先想到的是使用遥控飞机。然而,让遥控飞机在伦敦上空飞行是违法的。
“但鸽子可以在伦敦上空飞行,对吧?”他说道。“实际上,它们也是伦敦市民。所以,对,我想利用鸽子。”
他的下一个任务则是把一位赛鸽手和他的鸽群联系起来。这时布莱恩·伍德豪斯发挥了重要作用。他是皇家赛鸽协会的成员,养鸽约有65年了。
伍德豪斯将一个柳条笼子带到了公园,笼子里有他养的七只赛鸽。这些鸽子会被安装上污染感测器并在整个星期里被放飞在城市的不同区域。得出的数据在进行一番分析后便会被公布出来以告知伦敦市民当地的空气质量。
伍德豪斯说鸽子是这个项目的不二选择。
“我喜欢这个想法,”他说。“我觉得这是一个非常好的主意,要知道鸽子曾在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战中为我们的军队和盟军传递了重要讯息。”
“现在,鸽子能够继续为人们带来重要的信息,”伍德豪斯说。
他和迪凯努瓦开始把小带子绑在鸽子的身体上。每一个小背包里装有一个不足一盎司(约28克)的污染感测器。每个感测器能测量出一氧化碳及其他空气污染物的含量水平。
“这些小感测器能够追踪你身边的二氧化氮、臭氧等影响你健康的气体,”罗曼·拉康姆说。“我们如今将要放飞在伦敦上空的鸽子身上就携带了这一科技产品。”
拉康姆说他的公司已经研发出了一个手机软件,能够追踪约300个城市的空气污染情况。如果空气质量过差的话,居民们可以调整一下他们的户外活动安排。
因此,这也许是让伦敦市民对鸽子致以更多敬意的时候了,因为鸽子们也能够帮忙改善这座城市的空气质量了。
Pigeons Are London’s Newest Pollution Fighters