刘晓敏+石英+刘凯+王旭花
摘 要:研究了经选择培育的1冬龄大鳞副泥鳅个体繁殖力。结果表明,其个体绝对繁殖力(F)波动于5 092.0~10 556.0粒之间,平均为6 784.5粒;个体相对繁殖力(FL)波动于462.91~865.38粒·cm-1,平均587.86粒·cm-1;(FW)波动于422.22~1 160.74粒·g-1之间,平均为651.9粒·g-1。个体绝对繁殖力与各生物学指标均呈正相关,与卵巢质量相关关系极显著,与体长、成熟系数、肥满度相关关系显著,与净体质量相关关系不显著;个体相对繁殖力(FL)与各生物学指标均呈正相关,与卵巢质量、成熟系数、肥满度相关关系极显著,与体长、净体质量相关关系不显著;个体相对繁殖力(FW)除与净体质量呈负相关外,与其余各生物学指标均呈正相关,其中与成熟系数、肥满度相关关系极显著,与其余各生物学指标相关关系不显著。本研究认为经选择培育的1龄个体完全可满足生殖需求,可为解决大量亲鱼的供应问题提供基础数据。
关键词:1龄大鳞副泥鳅;繁殖力;生物学指标
中图分类号:S966 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.10.007
Abstract: The individual fecundity of one-year-old Paramisgurnus dabryanus selected breeding was studied. The results showed that the individual absolute fecundity F was between 5 092.0 and 10 556.0 eggs (average 6 784.5 eggs),the individual relative fecundity FL was between 462.91 and 865.38 eggs·cm-1 (average 587.86 eggs·cm-1),and FW was 422.22~1 160.74 eggs·g-1 (average 651.9 eggs·g-1). Individual absolute fecundity and the biological indexes were positively correlated, and ovary weight very significant correlation, and the body length, maturity coefficient, fat full correlation significantly, and no significant correlation between the net weight; The individual relative fecundity (FL) and various biological indexes were positively correlated, and ovary weight and maturity coefficient, fat full very significant correlation, and no significant correlation between the body length, the net weight; The individual relative fecundity (FW) besides and negatively correlated with net weight, and the rest of the various biological indexes were positively correlated, the relation with maturity coefficient, fat full significantly, no significant relation with the rest of the biological indicators.The research results show that one-year-old individual selected breeding can fully meet the demand of reproduction,and provide basic data in order to solve a lot of problems of supply.
Key words: one-year-old Paramisgurnus dabryanus; fertility; the biological character
大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)属鲤形目,鳅科,泥鳅属。目前制约大鳞副泥鳅产业发展的主要问题为苗种,自然捕捞的苗种数量少(真泥鳅占80%以上),种质差,病害多,生长速度慢,养殖成本高。而全人工繁殖的大鳞副泥鳅苗种具有体型均匀、生长速度快、自繁能力强、病害少、群体产量高等优点,但目前其数量也不能满足养殖需求。朱盛林等[1]研究了大鳞副泥鳅的繁殖力,结果表明大鳞副泥鳅怀卵量最大和成熟系数最好是在体长15~18 cm时,平均体质量达33~44 g,平均怀卵量达2.5万粒。但培育此规格的亲鱼至少需要2年的时间,耗时耗力,影响苗种数量的大规模供应。根据大鳞副泥鳅具有单次产卵量小、多次性产卵、性腺多次成熟的特点,在人工繁殖时提供大量已达性成熟的亲鱼成为解决苗种问题的有效途径。大鳞副泥鳅1龄即可达到性成熟,因此对1冬龄亲鱼进行选择培育成为保证大鳞副泥鳅亲鱼供应的重要途径。本研究测定和分析了经选择培育后的1冬龄亲鱼的个体繁殖力,以期为其选育和亲本管理积累基础资料,为大鳞副泥鳅人工繁殖提供理论指导,从而从根本上为解决大鳞副泥鳅苗种问题提供参考。