黑龙江新立金矿床片麻状花岗岩锆石U—Pb定年及其地质意义

2016-11-09 14:32张琳杨言辰韩世炯薄军委王凤博
地球科学与环境学报 2016年5期
关键词:佳木斯锆石花岗岩

张琳+杨言辰+韩世炯+薄军委+王凤博+聂世嘉

摘 要:黑龙江新立金矿床位于兴蒙造山带东段佳木斯地块中部,矿体赋存于柳毛组云母石英片岩的层间破碎带中。通过对矿区片麻状花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及全岩主量元素、微量元素地球化学特征的研究,探讨了其成因类型、形成时代和构造背景。岩石地球化学显示,片麻状花岗岩具有准铝质—过铝质的钙碱性系列岩石特征,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、Ba),不同程度地亏损高场强元素(U、Ta、Nb、Zr、Ti、Hf),轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,亏损重稀土元素,呈弱Eu负异常。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得片麻状花岗岩的成岩时代为(266.0±4.7)Ma,成矿流体为花岗质岩浆演化晚期的产物,因此,推测新立金矿床的成矿时代为晚二叠世。矿区片麻状花岗岩的成因类型为I型花岗岩,形成于晚古生代古亚洲洋板块俯冲消减的构造环境。

关键词:片麻状花岗岩;I型花岗岩;岩石地球化学;锆石U-Pb年龄;成矿时代;新立金矿床;黑龙江

中图分类号:P595;P597.+3 文献标志码:A

文章编号:1672-6561(2016)05-0638-11

Abstract: Xinli gold deposit in Heilongjiang is located in the center of Jiamusi massif, which belongs to the eastern section of Xing-Meng orogenic belt. The ore bodies are hosted in interstratified fracture belt of Liumao Formation mica-quartzose schist. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of gneissic granite was analyzed, and the geochemistry characteristics of whole rock major and trace elements were reported, and the petrogenesis, formation age and tectonic setting were discussed. The petrogeochemistry shows that gneissic granite is characterized by calc-alkaline and metaluminous-peraluminous rocks, and is enriched in large ion lithophile elements(Rb, K and Ba), and is depleted with different degrees in high field strength elements(U, Ta, Nb, Zr, Ti and Hf); the fractionation of light and heavy rare earth elements is obvious, and heavy rare earth element is depleted, and negative Eu anomaly is weak. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of gneissic granite is (266.0±4.7)Ma. The ore-forming fluids are produced in late period during granitic magma evolution, so that the metallogenic age of Xinli gold deposit maybe Late Permian. The gneissic granite belongs to I-type granite, and is formed by the subduction of Paleo-Asian Ocean Plate in Late Paleozoic.

Key words: gneissic granite; I-type granite; petrogeochemistry; zircon U-Pb age; metallogenic age; Xinli gold deposit; Heilongjiang

0 引 言

中国东北地区位于西伯利亚克拉通和华北克拉通之间的中亚造山带东段[1-3],大地构造格局自西向东依次为额尔古纳地块、兴安地块、松嫩地块和佳木斯地块[4-9]。自古生代以来,由于微陆块的拼合和古亚洲洋的闭合,该区发生了多期次大规模的岩浆活动[10-13],并与之伴生了大量的内生金属矿床[14]。佳木斯地块作为黑龙江省重要的金矿产区之一[15-16],区内大多数金矿床的形成都与晚古生代花岗质岩石关系密切[17-19]。位于佳木斯地块中部的新立金矿床是一个成矿作用与花岗质岩石有关的矿床,是佳木斯地块重要的金矿产区之一。唐海涛等对该矿床的基本地质特征进行了研究[20],但是缺乏关于岩石地球化学、成岩时代方面的研究。本文通过对新立金矿床片麻状花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地球化学特征进行研究,探讨其成因类型、形成时代及地球动力学背景。

1 区域地质概况

新立金矿床地处黑龙江省桦南县驼腰子镇,大地构造位置上位于佳木斯地块中部[图1(a)]。矿区出露地层主要为中下元古界麻山群柳毛组中—低级变质岩系,岩性以云母石英片岩、大理岩为主,柳毛组地层呈残留体NE向展布于片麻状花岗岩中,岩层以中等或较陡倾角倾向NW。区内以断裂构造为主,早期断裂主要有NNE、NNW向以及与岩层走向一致的层间破碎带。早期断裂为控矿构造,多被花岗岩脉和石英脉所充填;晚期断裂可分为NW、NE和近EW向3组,晚期断裂为成矿后构造,常破坏矿体,使地层、岩脉和含矿石英脉发生微小错断。区内侵入岩为晚古生代花岗岩类,其中以片麻状花岗岩为主,还发育少量闪长岩[图1(b)]。片麻状花岗岩呈浅肉红色,以中—细粒粒状结构为主,具片麻状构造,主要矿物为斜长石、钾长石和石英,斜长石和钾长石的自形程度较高。

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