马齿苋口服液对高血脂大鼠脂质代谢的影响

2016-10-19 21:02闫春生牛美兰田恒运
湖北农业科学 2016年5期
关键词:马齿苋脂联素瘦素

闫春生 牛美兰 田恒运

摘要:研究了馬齿苋口服液对高血脂大鼠瘦素(Leptin,LEP)、脂联素(Adiponectin,ADPN)、总胆固醇(Total triglyceride,TC)、总甘油三酯(Total triglyceride,TG)的影响。选取健康雄性SD大鼠65只, 随机分为模型对照组(15只)和正常对照组及马齿苋口服液低、中、高剂量组和罗格列酮组(每组10只);正常对照组大鼠饲喂基础饲料,模型对照组大鼠饲喂高脂饲料,其余组大鼠饲喂高脂饲料,并进行药物干扰,喂养12周后,测定大鼠血清瘦素、脂联素、TC、TG的含量。结果表明,①瘦素:与正常对照组相比,罗格列酮组显著升高,模型组、马齿苋水煎剂低、中剂量组瘦素极显著升高,高剂量组升高不显著;与模型对照组比较,其余组均极显著降低;与低剂量组比较,中剂量组显著降低,正常组、高剂量组均极显著降低;马齿苋水煎剂高剂量组与罗格列酮组血清瘦素差异不显著。②脂联素:与正常对照组相比,其余组脂联素含量极显著降低;与模型组比较,其余组脂联素含量均极显著升高;马齿苋水煎剂低剂量与中剂量组差异不显著,低剂量组显著低于高剂量组,马齿苋水煎剂高剂量组与罗格列酮组差异不显著。③TC、TG含量表现一致,均为马齿苋口服液低剂量组、模型对照组极显著高于其余组;高剂量组显著低于中剂量组;正常对照组、高剂量组、罗格列酮组间差异不显著。马齿苋口服液可能是通过提高大鼠血清中脂联素,降低瘦素、TC、TG含量来预防大鼠高血脂的。

关键词:瘦素;脂联素;马齿苋;脂代谢

中图分类号:R589.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2016)05-1221-03

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.05.033

Effect of Purslane Oral Liquid on Lipid Metabolism in Hyperlipidemia Rats

YAN Chun-sheng,NIU Mei-lan,TIAN Heng-yun

(Huanghe Science and Technology College,Zhengzhou 450063,China)

Abstract: In this experiment, 65 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, such as model group, normal control group,purslane oral liquid of low, middle and high dose group and rosiglitazone group, to analyze the effects of purslane oral liquid on the level of serum leptin (LEP), adiponectin (ADPN),total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG) in hyperlipidemia rats. The rats in normal control group were fed with basal diet,while the model group rats were fed high fat diet, the other group rats were given high fat diet and drug for 12 weeks.The contents of LEP and ADPN were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the content of TC and TG were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The results showed that the leptin in rosiglitazone group significantly increased and extreme significantly increased in model group, low and middle purslane oral liquid group, while no significant changed in high dose of purslane oral liquid group when compared with normal control group. But when compared with the model control group, the LEP content was significantly decreased in the other groups. When compared with the low dose of purslane oral liquid group, the LEP content in middle dose was group significantly lower, and in normal control group and high dose group were extreme significantly lower. There had no significant difference in LEP content between high dose of purslane oral liquid group and rosiglitazone group. Compared with normal control group, the ADPN content in other groups were extreme significantly lower but when compared with model control group, the ADPN contents in other groups were extreme significantly higher. There had no significant difference in ADPN content between the low and middle dose of purslane oral liquid, and the high dose of purslane oral liquid and rosiglitazone group. But the ADPN content in low dose of purslane oral liquid was significantly lower than that in high dose group. The contents of TC and TG in low dose of purslane oral liquid group and model group were extreme significantly higher than other groups. The contents in middle dose group was significantly lower than those in low dose group. There had no significant difference in normal control group,high dose group and rosiglitazone group. It indicated that the purslane oral liquid might have effect of hyperlipidemia prevention through increasing the content of adiponectin and decreasing leptin levels and the content of TC,TG in serum.

Key words:leptin;adiponectin;purslane;lipid metabolism

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验动物

健康雄性SD大鼠65只,体重130~150 g,购自山东省鲁抗医药集团有限公司,许可证编号为SCXK鲁2014005。

马齿苋口服液由河南省中医药研究院中药房提供;瘦素(LEP)、脂联素(ADPN)检测试剂盒(上海酶联生物科技有限公司,货号:ml002969、ml028534);甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)试剂盒(中生北控生物科技公司,批号:000025591、000025581)。

1.2 饲料配方

基础饲料:面粉25%、玉米15%、麸皮30%、豆料25%、鱼粉2%、骨粉3%,由黄河科技学院实验动物中心制备。

高脂饲料:75%基础饲料+15%猪油+5%蔗糖+3.5%胆固醇+1.5%胆酸钠(胆酸钠:杭州微生物试剂厂,批号2001O122;胆固醇:上海伯奥生物有限公司,批号20091201;玉米油:山东长寿花食品股份有限公司;猪油和蔗糖自备)

1.3 动物分组与给药

取健康雄性SD大鼠65只,随机分为模型对照组15只和正常对照组及马齿苋口服液低、中、高剂量组和罗格列酮组,每组10只;正常对照组大鼠饲喂基础饲料,模型对照组大鼠单饲喂高脂饲料,其余组大鼠饲喂高脂饲料的同时进行药物干扰,给药剂量依据人与动物用药剂量换算公式:大鼠的药物剂量是(mg/kg)=人的给药物剂量(mg/kg)×W(折合系数)[1],马齿苋水煎剂低、中、高剂量分别给药是112.5、225、450 g/(kg·d), 2次/d灌胃,罗格列酮组以40 mg/(kg·d),2次/d灌胃;药物干预期间,正常对照组大鼠继续普通饲料喂养,所有大鼠均饮用生理盐水,于喂养8、10、12周从模型对照组随机挑选2只大鼠处死,经腹主动脉抽血、离心后检测大鼠血清中TC、TG的含量,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定大鼠血清瘦素、脂联素的含量,达高血脂后结束试验。

1.4 统计学处理

试验数据应用SPSS 17.0分析软件处理,数据用平均数(x)±标准差(s)来表示,组间比较采用LSD检验。

2 结果与分析

2.1 大鼠的死亡情况

12周后试验结束,给药组6只大鼠因灌胃操作不当而死亡,模型对照组6只大鼠在试验过程中判定造模是否成功而处死(模型对照组在第8、10、12周各处死2只。)

2.2 血清瘦素

由表1可知,在血清瘦素含量方面,与正常对照组相比,罗格列酮组显著升高(P<0.05),模型组、马齿苋水煎剂低、中剂量组瘦素极显著升高(P<0.01),高剂量组升高不显著(P﹥0.05);与模型对照组比较,其余组均极显著降低(P<0.01);与低剂量组比较,中剂量组显著降低(P<0.05),正常对照组、高剂量组均极显著降低(P<0.01);马齿苋水煎剂高剂量组与罗格列酮组血清瘦素差异不显著(P﹥0.05)。

2.3 血清脂联素

由表2可知,与正常对照组相比,其余组脂联素含量极显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,其余组脂联素含量均极显著升高(P<0.01);马齿苋水煎剂低剂量与中剂量组差异不显著(P﹥0.05),低剂量组极显著低于高剂量组(P<0.01),马齿苋水煎剂高剂量组与罗格列酮组差异不显著(P﹥0.05)。

2.4 血清TG和TC含量

由表3可知,TC、TG含量表现一致,均为马齿苋口服液低剂量组、模型对照组极显著高于其余组(P<0.01);高剂量组显著低于中剂量组(P<0.05);正常对照组、高剂量组、罗格列酮组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。

3 讨论

血清瘦素是由脂肪细胞分泌的肥胖基因编码的分泌型激素,同样与高血脂密切相关。生理功能下血清瘦素主要通过瘦素受体介导,肥胖症患者中瘦素水平的上升直接造成了此受体反馈性下调或受体信号转导受阻,出现瘦素抵抗。瘦素水平升高或降低,均能导致瘦素对机体脂肪代谢调节的紊乱,由此促成肥胖症的发生。而高脂膳食或能量过剩均可使瘦素水平迅速上升,由此引发机体的瘦素抵抗,引起瘦素不能正常对脂肪、能量代谢的促进。张丽等[2]的研究认为,瘦素在肥胖、脂肪肝、高血压、糖尿病等代谢疾病中起着非常重要的作用,因为瘦素在脂肪代谢过程中扮演着重要的角色。Tobek等[3]研究表明,瘦素是胰岛素抵抗发生的一个独立危险因素,血清瘦素含量的增多引起胰岛素对血糖的敏感性降低。其次瘦素的免疫作用,瘦素减少间接降低肝组织纤维化的形成。Pelley等[4]研究结果发现,瘦素缺陷或低性的小鼠脂肪沉积并发展成脂肪肝。

脂联素(Adiponectin,ADPN)是由脂肪细胞分泌内源性生物活性多肽或蛋白质,是胰岛素抵抗和非酒精性脂肪肝的保护因子。杨建锋等[5]研究表明,脂联素水平高低与肝脏脂肪变性程度、炎症和纤维化程度呈负相关。臨床证实高脂膳食、药物损伤、胰岛抵抗等原因均可造成脂联素生物活性下降,从而导致肥胖、脂肪肝慢性病变。Yamauchi等[6]研究发现,脂联素是通过降低肥胖小鼠TC、TG的浓度,减少胰岛素的抵抗;Stefan等[7]研究发现,2型糖尿病患者空腹血清瘦素含量与血糖呈负相关。研究提示脂联素可能参与早期肝细胞损伤的调节作用;马齿苋口服液可减少高血脂大鼠血清瘦素和提高脂联素,抑制高脂大鼠TC、TG含量,并且剂量与效应呈正相关。由此推测马齿苋口服液对高血脂大鼠产生的高血脂有改善作用,该试验结果能否成为预防和治疗高血脂的重要药理依据,此作用机制还有待在以后的研究中进一步证实。

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[3] TOBEK,OGURA T,TSUKAMOTO C,et al. Relationship between serumlept in and fatty liver in Japanesemale adolescentuniversity students[J].J Gastroentero, 2012,94:3328-3335.

[4] PELLEY MOUNTER M A,CULLEN M J,BAKER M B,et al.Effect of the obese gene producton body weight regulation in ob mice[J].Science,2011,269:540.

[5] 杨建锋,陈芝芸,项柏康,等.非酒精性脂肪肝患者血清瘦素的变化[J].中华消化杂志,2004,24(12):752-753.

[6] YAMAUCHI T,KAMON J,WAKI H,et al.The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity[J].Nat Med,2010,7:941-946.

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