机组工作负荷模拟飞行测量实验

王黎静　何雪丽

摘要：测量民用飞机机组工作负荷是为了检验规定的飞行任务是否超过机组人员的能力范围，以确保机组人员能够快速安全地完成任务。工作负荷的在线飞行测量是最小机组适航审定的重要测量手段。因此，本研究在多名民用航空飞行员、ARJ21和C919飞行教员协助工作下，开展了三次模拟飞行工作负荷测量实验。实验过程中采用主观评价（SWAT量表、NASA量表、Bedford量表）及生理测量（眼动测量、心电测量）对各飞行阶段下的工作负荷进行测量研究。本研究对测量指标进行了筛选，同时对各指标对工作负荷评测的适用性进行了分析。通过这三次测量研究，明确和完善了在线飞行机组工作负荷的测量方法和测量技术，并且明确了相关的测量指标。

关键词：工作负荷；主观评价；生理测量；最小机组；适航审定

Abstract：Methods measuring crew workload has been developed to ensure the mandate does not exceed the capacity of the crew， which can ensure the safety of the crew to quickly complete the task. The online flight measurement of workload is the important means of measurement for the smallest unit airworthiness. Therefore， in this study， the work to measure the workload in three simulated flight missions were carried out with the assistance of some civil aviation （ARJ21 and C919） flight instructors. Experiments of subjective evaluation （SWAT Scale， NASA Scale and Bedford Scale） and physiological measurement （REM measurements and ECG measurements） were used for workload measurement in each phase of flight missions. The indexes of the workload measurements were screened and analyzed for the evaluation of workload. Through this study， the measurement scheme and measurement techniques in online flight were cleared and improved， and the relevant measure indexes were defined.

Keywords：Workload； Subjective Evaluation； Physiological Measurement； Minimum Flight Crew； Airworthiness Certification