两系杂交稻现代安全繁殖制种技术研究

王建龙 贾先勇 徐叔云 吴立群 李珊

摘 要：该研究从选育育性转换低起点温度的不育系及品种开始，通过株系育性鉴定保纯法原种生产技术生产不育系核心种子，研究了两用核不育系低纬度高海拨繁殖、海南繁殖、冷灌繁殖、割蔸繁殖等多种繁殖方法，形成了规范化技术，再通过计算机气象模拟系统按照“三期安全”的要求进行制种地点和季节的选择，并结合先进的制种技术形成高产制种技术规范等一整套技术流程。该研究促进了两系不育系和两系杂交稻新品种的选育，育成了691S、川粳S、007S和建S等不育系，选育出了C两优343、株两优173、陆两优1733等10多个两系杂交稻品种通过国家和省级审定；研究和完善了海南繁殖、割蔸繁殖、冷灌繁殖技术，提出了低纬度高海拔繁殖技术方案，最高单产达9 075 kg/h。

关键词：两系杂交稻 繁殖 制种

Abstract：This study， commencing from breeding sterile lines and varieties of fertility transition at a low starting point temperature， produced sterile line core seed by strains sterility identification，the guaranteed pure method seed production technique .To study the breeding methods of dual-use nuclear sterile lines under different condition of the low latitude and high elevation， Hainan ， cold irrigation and stump cutting ，to conduct the choice of seed production site and season according to requirements of "Three Periods of Security" via the computer meteorological simulations system and to combine with advanced seed production technology formed a set of technical processes.The research promoted the new varieties breeding of two-line Sterile lines and two-line hybrid rice， which bred 691S， Chuanjing S， 007S and Jian S etc.CMS ， and bred more than ten of two-line hybrid rice varieties， C Liangyou 343， Zhuliangyou 173 and Luliangyou 1733 etc， which had passed national and provincial approval； To study and improve the breeding technology of Hainan， stump cutting， cold irrigation， and to put forward breeding technical solutions of low latitude and high elevation， which of the highest yield was up to 9 075 kg/h㎡.

Key Words：Two-line Hybrid Rice；Breeding；Seed Production

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