分布式驱动电动汽车车轮滑移率自适应控制

余卓平　熊璐　邓永强　金驰

摘 要：主要研究分布式驱动电动汽车滑移率自适应控制问题。由于被研究车轮动态系统具有很强的非线性，滑移率控制需要一个鲁棒性较强的控制器。该研究设计了基于PI控制算法的滑移率控制器，目标在于不管路面如何变化都能将车轮滑移率控制在设定最优滑移率上。与此同时，本研究还设计了一个在线路面估计器，估计器实时为滑移率PI控制器提供路面最优滑移率值。PI控制器和在线路面估计器结合路面自适应控制律就构建了滑移率自适应控制器。PI控制器和在线路面估计器的设计保证了其具有李雅普诺夫稳定性。最后，基于分布式驱动电动汽车仿真平台对滑移率自适应控制器性能进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明，滑移率自适应控制器性能优良，大大地提高了车辆的驱动性能和驱动效率。

关键词：自适应控制 路面估计 滑移率 电动汽车

Abstract： This project conducts a research on wheel slip ratio control for distributed drive electric vehicles. In consideration of wheel rotation dynamics and its strong nonlinear properties， a Proportional-Integral controller is designed in this paper aimed at regulating the wheel slip ratio to a constant value regardless of the road adhesion conditions. At the same time， an on-line road coefficient estimator is proposed to provide optimal slip ratio for the designed wheel slip ratio controller. The global asymptotic stability of the system is proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. In addition， a distributed drive electric vehicle model is established for performance assessment due to its precise and fast-response torque control. Simulation results show that the proposed controller adaptively regulates the wheel slip ratio to the optimal value of current road with fast convergence speed and high accuracy. Generally， the proposed adaptive controller greatly improves the driving performance of the electric vehicle.

Key Words： Adaptive control；Road adhesion estimation；Wheel slip ratio；Electric vehicle

閱读全文链接（需实名注册）：http：//www.nstrs.cn/xiangxiBG.aspx？id=49970&flag=1