煤分级转化残焦制备电石的低能耗新技术原理研究报告

刘振宇 刘清雅

摘 要：煤分级转化残焦的高效利用是煤分级转化的关键环节之一，针对中低阶煤热解后残焦的结构和性质特点，提出残焦经氧热法制备电石、进而转化为化学品的路线。针对氧热法生产电石新工艺及煤分级转化系统中的关键科学和技术问题，部署了三方面研究内容：残焦与CaO的化学反应认识、固-固高效接触氧热法电石生产反应器的开发、新工艺和联产系统的能效评价。2年来，在残焦与CaO的反应网络及反应动力学、反应过程中的相态变化和灰分影响、反应器的概念设计及模型化、传递参数测定、电/氧热法工艺的全面对比和联产系统的能效及碳平衡分析、煤热天平热解行为与煤键合结构关联、煤热解焦油自由基浓度与其反应性等方面开展了前沿性和创新性的研究，取得一定进展，实现了前两年的预期目标。

关键词：电石 残焦 氧热法 系统分析

Preparation of Calcium Carbide Using the Pyrolysis Derived Coke

Liu Zhenyu Liu Qingya

（Beijing University of Chemical Technology）

Abstract：The efficient use of the pyrolysis-derived coke for the production of value-added fuels and chemicals is a key issue for the processes involving pyrolysis of coals. This project proposed an auto-thermal process that produces calcium carbide （CaC2） from coal-pyrolysis derived coke. CaC2 is a platform chemical for the production of acetylene and consequently many commodity polymers and fine chemicals. The research in this sub-project includes three topics： understanding of the complex reactions between the coke and CaO for the production of CaC2 at high temperatures， the development of novel reactors and energy assessment of the CaC2 production and the whole coal conversion process. The studies carried out in the sub-project in past two years include： the reactions behaviors， mechanisms and kinetics， and the role of ash under a broad range of conditions； the reactor design and modeling as well as the determination of physical properties of the components involved in the reaction； energy assessment of the autothermal CaC2 production system and carbon footprint； and the behavior of pyrolysis of coals in the upper section of the CaC2 reactor and reactivity of the tars obtained. The work fulfilled the topics defined in the contract and the findings are important addition to the understanding of the field of coal conversion and clean coal technology. The above work resulted in publication of 13 articles in peer reviewed journals（5 were indexed by SCI）， 8 presentations in international conferences （4 by invitation）， filing of 3 PCT for the new reactor in three countries （USA， Japan and Canada） and 1 Chinese patent. Six PhD and 15 MS students participated in the research of the sub-project with 1 PhD and 2 MS students having been graduated. One researcher was awarded with the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University.

Key Words：Calcium carbide； Coke； Thermal heating； System analysis

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