The analysis on logistics in cross—border e—commerce

谭小庆

The products made in China are sold all over the world because of having a great competitive advantage in the international market. Under this environment cross-border electrical business is rapidly developing， especially in the rise of emerging markets. In order to meet the requirement of cross-border electrical business， more and more cross-border logistics services arise as well as a large integrated services of logistics integration.

1 Cross-border electrical business logistics and its characteristics

（1）Multi-lateralization and network structure. Traditional international trade is mainly for the bilateral trade between the two countries.， it is a linear structure that A member of bilateral trade sale goods to the other. Now， trade related information flow， business flow， logistics and cash flow from the traditional bilateral gradually evolve towards multilateral members ， and present the network structure， which is reconstructing a new world economic mode.

（2）Direct and high efficiency. Under the traditional trade way， the international trade processes to prepare a shopping list to the buyer and registered the accounts receivable account to strike a balance. This needs to experience more than 20 link. But the electronic commerce mode with a few links can be completed through electric business platform， and can realize the multinational enterprises between the enterprise and the final consumer or between the link of import and export less. It has the virtues of saving time ，lower cost and high efficiency.

（3）Small batch and high frequency in deal. Cross-border e-commerce realizes that the multinational enterprises directly sale their goods to the final consumers through e-commerce transactions and services platform. Because it is transactions between companies and individual consumers， the offer or order is most of the small batch more frequently.

2 The main form of cross-border e-commerce logistic

2.1 The international postal parcel

International postal parcel is refers to import and export of personal parcels in the way of the postal network. According to statistics data， there is more than 70% of Chinas exportation by cross-border electrical commerce to delivery through the postal system. Because postal parcel is commonly state-run and has national tax subsidies， the logistic cost has obvious advantages. But the main shortcomings of it involved are slower， high loss rate， obvious limitations on goods volume and weight.

2.2 International express

International express is mainly refers to UPS， Fedex， DHL，TNT， and so on. International express depends on the big four international logistics companies to distribute the goods. International express delivery has the virtues of good service， fast delivery and low loss rate. But at the same time the international Courier fee is relatively high， and the seller will usually collect the freight charges to the customer. Under normal circumstances， the goods can to reach the hands of consumers from the seller within 48 hours. However， the international express commonly is applied in developed countries. It is hard to get the application in a few developed countries

2.3 the status of logistics in cross-border e-commerce

The high cost. Cross-border e-commerce depends largely on the cross-border logistics costs. It restrict the development of the cross-border e-commerce， Whether cross-border logistics network construction costs or cross-border taxes and fees. Because the trading between buyers and sellers belongs to the cross-border transactions， the problems on product quality are hard to be resolved. And overseas warehousing service mode also increases the burden of cross-border transactions in the cost of warehousing， distribution cost， and customs clearance fee.

2.4 suggestion about choosing the cross-boarder logistic

There are various advantages and disadvantages of each mode of logistics in cross-border electrical commerce. So how to choose the suitable logistics mode should combine the types of goods， import and export countries tariff policy， customer demand for the purchase of goods， transport safety， and so on in order to achieve the purpose of reduce logistics cost. Cross-border electronic business logistics cost problems seriously restrict the development of cross-border electricity. For example， we can deliver some “critical goods” to the oversea warehouse in advance in the shopping season. In some markets such as Brazil， Russia， the cross-border electrical commerce consumers mainly buy low price textile and they require lower the logistics timeliness. For urgent customer we can choose the international express delivery. If we have a large scale of cross-border electrical commerce， we can choose to set up overseas warehouse， logistics company， or cross-border electric business platform of overseas warehouse in where the goods are stored in advance. And so that we can guarantee delivery in time， is easy to return the goods， and get high operation effect.

作者单位

嘉兴职业技术学院