代词考点聚焦

河南 樊新装

代词考点聚焦

河南 樊新装

语法填空题针对代词的考查，有的在空后给出了提示词，有的则是纯空格题，而代词的种类繁多，因此有必要研究其高考的命题趋势。

一、考查人称代词

【考例1】（2015·广东卷）Now it occurred to_25_ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

【解析】him。根据常用句式“It occurred to sb. that...（某人突然想到……）”和语境可知，空格处应填him。

【考例2】（安徽省皖南八校2016届高三联考）She couldn’t thank_68_（I） enough and was shocked that I had done such a thoughtful thing for her.

【解析】me。空格处作thank的宾语，故应填me。

【考例3】（山东省淄博市实验中学2016届高三诊断考试）Every online student must keep_70_in mind that proper management of time and study schedule is the key towards success in this format.

【解析】it。空格处为形式宾语，而真正的宾语则是空格后that引导的宾语从句，故应填it。

【知识拓展】人称代词it的用法很广泛，可用于指时间、距离、价格、长度、日期、天气等，还可作为形式主语或形式宾语使用。

（1）it作形式宾语的常用句式：

①think/believe/make/find/consider/feel+形式宾语it+ adj./n.+to do sth./that从句

②enjoy/hate/love/like/dislike/appreciate/prefer+形式宾语it+when /if从句

③动词+形式宾语it+介词短语+宾语从句（常用这一结构的主要有：take it for granted that...；bring it to sb.’s attention that...；owe it to sb. that...等）

（2）it作形式主语的常用句式：

①It takes sb. some time to do sth.

②It is+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.

③It is+said/reported/believed/thought/suggested/hoped+ that...

二、考查物主代词

【考例1】（2015·全国新课标卷Ⅰ）A few hours earlier，I’d been at home in Hong Kong，with__63_（it） choking smog. Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.

【解析】its。空格处在句中作名词的定语，故应填形容词性物主代词its。

【考例2】（湖南省岳阳县一中2016届高三阶段考试）At first she took my hands in_69_（she） and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries.

【解析】hers。空格处作宾语，指代的是“her hands”，故应填名词性物主代词。

【技巧点拨】物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分，前者只能作定语，而后者可作主语、宾语和表语，答题时，注意结合好空格处的作用和指代的内容。

三、考查反身代词

【考例1】（2014·上海卷）I had this idea a few years ago but I couldnt’ find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted，so I did it by （36）_______.

【解析】myself。“by oneself（单独，独自，自己）”为介词短语，故应填反身代词myself。

【考例2】（安徽省江南十校2016届高三联考）Visibility（能见度）is often very poor，so drivers never allow _65_（them） to become separated from their team of dogs.

【解析】themselves。空格处作宾语，指代空前的司机本人，故应填themselves。

【技巧点拨】反身代词可在句中作宾语、表语或同位语，答题时，要结合好语境或相关短语做出判断。

四、考查不定代词

【考例1】（2011·广东卷）He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. I’m glad I made a choice；it made_25_of us feel good.

【解析】both。空格处作宾语，结合空格处的语境“这使我们两个都感觉良好”可知，应填不定代词both。

【考例2】（全国名校联盟2016届高三联考）_65_ I wanted to do is have someone send me home.

【解析】All/What。is之前为主语，根据语境可填写不定代词All（“I wanted to do”为定语从句，省略了关系词that），也可使用What引导主语从句（作do的宾语）。

【技巧点拨】不定代词有both，all，neither，another，either，each，none等，考查形式以纯空格题为主，分析题干时，需要把不定代词的用法与空格处所作成分紧密结合起来。

五、考查关系代词

【考例1】（2015·全国新课标卷Ⅰ）I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64_are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.

【解析】that/which。“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters”为定语从句的先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，故应填that/ which。

【考例2】（嘉峪关市一中2016届高三模拟）But now I have already been bought by my present owner，_49_will peel off my skin even after I am dead，and make me useful.

【解析】who。先行词指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用who作为定语从句的引导词。

【技巧点拨】关系代词有6个，即that，which，who，whom，as，whose，用于引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等，分析题干时，一方面要找准先行词，另一方面还要结合好关系代词在从句中所作的句子成分及关系代词的具体用法等。

六、考查连接代词

【考例1】（2015·上海卷）The temptation to see __3__6_is connecting him is just too great.

【解析】who。空格处在宾语从句中作主语，且用于指人，由此结合语境可知，who符合题意。

【考例2】（湖北省襄阳市四校2016届高三联考）As a student，I hope that the young can focus more attention on practicing__70_they learn.

【解析】what。what用于引导宾语从句，并在从句中作learn的宾语。

【技巧点拨】连接代词常用的有what，which，who，whom，whose等，主要用于引导名词性从句，答题时，首先要确定好从句的种类，然后进一步分析空格处在从句中所作的成分，有时还需要结合语境才能确定答案。