封面文章
化学
封面介绍:《科技导报》2015年第13期13-16页刊登了农荣等的研究论文“LED用黄绿色荧光粉LiZnPO4︰Mn2+,Al3+的合成及Al3+敏化发光研究”。以廉价的锰(II)离子代替昂贵的稀土离子,用高温固相法合成了Li1-xZn0.9-xPO4︰Mn0.1,Alx系列的荧光粉,样品具有LiZnPO4的结构。用荧光发射光谱及激发光谱表征了样品的发光性能。研究结果表明,Al3+的最佳掺杂量为3%,所对应的荧光粉样品为Li0.97Zn0.87PO4︰Mn0.1,Al0.03。Al3+的最佳掺杂量样品的发光强度是未掺Al3+样品的3.98倍,说明在LiZnPO4基质中Al3+对Mn2+的发光具有增敏作用,该样品为黄绿色的荧光粉,在紫外线激发LED的领域具有潜在的应用前景。本期封面图片展示的是用高温固相法合成的LiZnPO4︰Mn,Al荧光粉,图片由农荣提供。
LED用黄绿色荧光粉LiZnPO4︰Mn2+,Al3+的合成及Al3+敏化发光研究
农荣,黄映恒,卢科,等
为了获得可用于发光二极管(LED)的新型黄绿色荧光粉,用高温固相法合成了Li1-xZn0.9-xPO4:Mn0.1,Alx系列的荧光粉。用 XRD 表征并分析了样品,获悉样品具有LiZnPO4的结构。用荧光发射光谱及激发光谱表征了样品的发光性能,讨论了 Al3+掺杂对LiZnPO4︰Mn,Al荧光粉发光性能的影响。结果表明:Al3+掺杂量对激发及发射光强度的影响均为开口向下、有极值的抛物线,Al3+的最佳掺杂量为3%,对应样品是Li0.97Zn0.87PO4︰Mn0.1,Al0.03;Al3+最佳掺杂量样品的发光强度是未掺Al3+样品的3.98倍,说明在LiZnPO4基质中Al3+对Mn2+的发光具有增敏作用;Al3+的掺入只影响Mn2+的发光强度,不影响Mn2+的发光模式。Li0.97Zn0.87PO4︰Mn0.1,Al0.03的色坐标值表明,该样品为黄绿色荧光粉,其在紫外线激发LED领域具有潜在的应用前景。
无机化合物;磷酸盐;荧光粉;发光;光学材料;无机化合物;磷酸盐;荧光粉;发光;光学材料
来源出版物:科技导报,2015,33(13): 13-16联系邮箱:廖森,liaosen@gxu.edu.cn
封面介绍:On page 1001,ZHENG et al developed a real-time PCR coupled with invader assay for accurate single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping through optimizing the amount of Flap endonuclease 1(FEN1 enzyme)and wild type detection probe. The proposed method was high specific,simple,non-polluting,short time-consuming and low cost.
实时荧光聚合酶链式反应偶联高特异性核酸侵入反应检测单核苷酸多态性
郑梦琳,齐谢敏,童欢,等
摘要:建立了实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(PCR)偶联高特性核酸侵入反应检测单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的方法。优化了体系中flap核酸内切酶1(FEN1酶)和野生型检测探针等用量,确定了最佳反应条件,即FEN1酶用量为1.5 U,野生型检测探针用量为0.125 μmol/L,0.5 μmol/L Invader突变型检测探针,各0.25 μmol/L通用野生型(VIC)和突变型(FAM)荧光共振转移发卡探针,显著降低了野生型样本和突变型样本背景信号,避免了背景信号对检测结果分型的干扰。采用本方法对编码乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因ALDH2*2位点21例样本、细胞色素P450 2C19基因CYP2C19*2和CYP2C19*3位点各19例样本进行分型检测,结果表明,ALDH2*2位点GG纯合10例,GA杂合8例,AA纯合3例;CYP2C19*2位点GG纯合9例,GA杂合8例,AA纯合2例;CYP2C19*3位点GG纯合18例,GA杂合1例。使用焦磷酸测序进行验证,两种方法检测结果一致。本方法特异性好、操作简便、耗时短、成本低,可实现对SNP单管闭管无污染的分型检测。
关键词:实时荧光PCR;核酸侵入反应;单核苷酸多态性;乙醛脱氢酶2基因;细胞色素P450 2C19基因
来源出版物:分析化学,2015,43(7): 1001-1008联系邮箱:宋沁馨,songqinxin@sina.com
来源出版物:Chinese Chemical Letters,2015,26(7): 839-842
联系邮箱:CHEN Chuan-feng,cchen@iccas.ac.cn
Capacitance performances of supramolecular hydrogels based on conducting polymers
Dai Ting-yang,Tang Rong,Yue Xiao-xiao,et al.
Abstract: The capacitance performances of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT-PSS)supramolecular hydrogels have been investigated systematically. The materials show a specific capacitance of 67 F/g and display excellent rate capability at the scan rate as high as 5000 mV/s in the cyclic voltammogram measurements,accompanied by good cycle stability. On the basis of the measurements of the microscale morphologies,specific areas and electrical conductivities,the mechanisms for the improvement of the electrochemical properties are discussed and ascribed to the novel porous microstructures of the hydrogels and the synergetic effect of the rigid PEDOT and soft PSS components. Furthermore,polyaniline(PAn)is compounded with the PEDOT-PSS hydrogels through an interfacial polymerization process,endowing the hydrogel materials with a higher specific capacitance of 160 F/g at the scan rate of 5000 mV/s. The significance of this work lies in the demonstration of a novel method to solve the problems of conducting polymers in electrochemical applications.
Keywords: Conducting polymers; Hydrogels; Capacitance performances; Rate capability;Supercapacitors
来源出版物:Chinese Journal of Polymer Science,2015,33(7): 1018-1027联系邮箱:Yun Lu,yunlu@nju.edu.cn
焦炉煤气二氧化碳重整制合成气中La0.6Sr0.4NixCo1-xO3钙钛矿催化剂的合成、表征和催化性能研究
朱秋桦,程红伟,邹星礼,等
摘要:采用溶胶凝胶法制备了 La0.6Sr0.4NixCo1-xO3钙钛矿催化剂,并测试了该催化剂在焦炉煤气CO2重整反应中的性能.通过X射线衍射、N2吸附脱附、程序升温还原、扫描电镜、透射电镜和热重-微分扫描量热等方法对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,溶胶凝胶法合成的 La0.6Sr0.4NixCo1-xO3催化剂形成了钙钛矿结构的固溶体。着重考察了钙钛矿催化剂焙烧温度和 A位 Ni的掺杂含量对其催化性能和反应后积碳的影响。结果表明:La0.6Sr0.4NixCo1-xO3钙钛矿催化剂在反应中生成了活性金属Ni,Co颗粒和La2O2CO3,这些组分对催化剂的活性和稳定性起关键性的作用,并且能够抑制积碳的形成;焦炉煤气中的富氢气体具有抑制甲烷裂解反应发生的作用,从而减少催化剂的积碳。
关键词:合成气;催化活性;钙钛矿;干重整;焦炉煤气;积碳
来源出版物:催化学报,2015,36(7): 915-92联系邮箱:程红伟,hwcheng@shu.edu.cn
磺酸功能化的离子液体型多金属氧酸盐的光色性能
李园园,杨春
摘要:发现磺酸功能化离子液体型多金属氧酸盐(IL-POM)具有可逆光色性质,并在紫外光激发下,详细考察了[PyPS]nH3-nPW12(n=1,3)(PyPs : 吡啶丙磺酸盐)、[PyPS]4SiW12、[TEAPS]3PW12(TEAPS : 3-(三乙胺基)丙磺酸盐)等样品的光致变色行为。结果表明,磺酸化的IL-POM是一类弱的电荷转移多金属氧酸盐,但在紫外光激发下有机阳离子和POM阴离子间可以发生电子相互作用,实现W6+→W5+的还原,并形成稳定的电荷转移复合物,导致样品显色。钨磷酸盐的光色性大大强于钨硅酸盐,且空气中避光放置可以消色。但样品容易疲劳,着色-褪色重复性不好。对光色机理的研究显示,有机阳离子中的—SO3H基团作为电子供体参与了变色过程。揭示了磺酸基团的电子供体作用,为设计电荷转移多金属氧酸盐和POM基光色材料提供了新的思路。
关键词:多金属氧酸盐;离子液体;磺酸功能化;光色性;机理;
来源出版物:应用化学,2015,32(7): 808-815
联系邮箱:杨春,yangchun@njnu.edu.cn
封面介绍:在紫外光的照射下,安息香作为一种稳定且易于制备的α-羟基酮,易发生Norrish I型光裂解反应产生苯甲酰基自由基。该研究以α,α-二芳基烯丙醇为底物,通过苯甲酰基自由基加成/1,2-芳基迁移串联过程,实现烯烃的双官能团化;同时,在温和、环境友好条件下,提供了一种新颖的光化学方法来有效制备1,2,4-三芳基-1,4-丁二酮衍生物。
紫外光介导合成1,2,4-三芳基-1,4-丁二酮反应研究
黄宏丽,高国林,杨超,等
摘要:在紫外光照射下,安息香发生裂解产生苯甲酰基自由基,与 α,α-二芳基烯丙醇的双键发生自由基加成并伴随1,2-芳基迁移,实现了双键的双官能团化;同时该反应为有效合成1,2,4-三芳基-1,4-丁二酮化合物提供了一条新途径。该方法具有操作简单、反应条件温和等优点。
关键词:紫外光;1,2-芳基迁移;双官能团化;1,2,4-三芳基-1,4-丁二酮
来源出版物:影像科学与光化学,2015,33(4): 265-274
联系邮箱:杨超,xyyang@hit.edu.cn
封面介绍:The cover image presents an overview of a comparative study in which the performance of twelve DFT methods in the characterization of three trivalent U complexes was evaluated. On page 1283,DING Wan-jian et al. demonstrate that a properly selected DFT method may be used to study the geometry,the electronic structure,and the thermodynamics of low valent uranium complexes,and the results provide timely information for the application of DFT methods in studying low valent actinide molecular systems.
采用12种密度泛函理论方法表征三种三价铀复合物
丁万见,方维海,柴之芳,等
摘要:比较了BP86、PBE、B3LYP、B3PW91、BHandHLYP、PBE0、X3LYP、CAM-B3LYP、TPSS、M06L、M06和M06-2X等12种采用了广义梯度近似(GGA、hybrid GGA、meta-GGA和hybrid meta-GGA)的密度泛函理论(DFT)方法在三个三价铀复合物表征中的应用. 研究模型采用铀复合物催化 CO2和 CS2官能团化反应中的三个中间体(Tp*)2U-η1-CH2Ph(Cpd2),(Tp*)2U-κ2-O2CCH2Ph(Cpd3)和(Tp*)2U-κ2-S2CCH2Ph(Cpd4). 研究发现,B3LYP和B3PW91在几何结构和电子结构方面优于其它方法。基于分子轨道理论的MP2方法在Cpd2和Cpd3的表征中给出与DFT方法相近的结果,而在Cpd4的表征中表现出较大的差异。这可能是由于同样是单参考态方法的MP2捕捉到了与DFT方法不同的电子结构。同时,通过对比分别采用小核赝势(5f-in-valence)和大核赝势(5f-in-core)基组处理铀原子的计算结果,发现对测试的模型体系,两种处理方法可获得相近的热力学能量。与以往主要关注高价态锕系复合物的处理方法的评估工作不同,本项工作适应逐渐增加的对低价态锕系分子体系的研究的需求,对12种常用的密度泛函理论方法在低价态锕系复合物研究中的应用进行了评估,期望为处理类似体系的研究工作提供参考。
关键词:密度泛函理论;三价铀复合物;锕系计算化学;QTAIM
来源出版物:物理化学学报,2015,31(7): 1283-1301联系邮箱:丁万见,dingwanjian@bnu.edu.cn
封面介绍:Sugar amino acids(SAAs)are carbohydrate derivatives bearing both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. The biological potential of naturally occurring SAAs has extracted many organic chemists to discover their synthetic analogues. Herein,we report a concise method to access two novel SAAs starting from the commercially available glycals.
新型糖氨基酸类化合物的合成研究
汪学彬,王晓丽,胡静,等
摘要:糖氨基酸(sugar amino acids,SAAs)是一类同时含有氨基和羧基的糖类衍生物,具有糖和氨基酸的结构特征和化学反应特性,常作为多功能合成砌块用于组合化学的研究、糖模拟物和多肽模拟物的构建等。因此,该类化合物的设计与合成受到国内外化学家的持续关注。在本文中,我们发展了一种简单、高效的合成新型糖氨基酸的方法,从廉价易得的3,4,6-O-三乙酰基-D-葡萄糖烯和3,4,6-O-三乙酰基-D-半乳糖烯出发,在硝酸铈铵(CAN)的作用下通过一步自由基加成反应分别得到2-C-二羧酸酯类化合物gluco-2和galacto-2,再经过脱羧、脱乙酰、碘代、叠氮化钠取代和一锅法还原氨化反应,以最短直线步骤6步实现了糖氨基酸gluco-7(总收率34%)和galacto-7(总收率19%)的合成。所有合成的化合物均经过IR,1H NMR,13C NMR和HRMS的表征。
关键词:糖氨基酸;糖烯;自由基加成;一锅法反应;合成
来源出版物:化学学报,2015,73(7): 699-704联系邮箱:尹健,jianyin@jiangnan.edu.cn
封面介绍:The cover picture shows the first examples for the synthesis of coumarins via direct couplings of alcohols with C-7 coumarin halides. Such reactions proved to be much more difficult than similar couplings with simple substituted phenyl halides,especially when the alcohols are sterically congested as encountered in this work. En route to the first synthesis of the two long-known naturally occurring coumarins,several broadly employed coupling protocols were examined for the given substrates without success. In the end,the desired products were obtained by performing the reaction in xylene at 160°C in the presence of CuI/Cs2CO3/1,11-penanthroline. More details are discussed in the article by Wu and Liu et al. on page 723-728.
Synthesis of Two Coumarins Isolated from Aster praealtus
WANG Bo,CHEN Hui-jun,WU Yi-kang,et al.
Abstract: Two coumarins isolated from Aster praealtus were synthesized via a direct coupling of the corresponding cyclohexyl carbinol with a coumarin-derived aryl bromide or iodide,a very difficult etherification due to the excess steric congestion around the carbinol and the low reactivity of the aryl halide that frustrated many seemingly feasible protocols. Unequivocal1H and13C NMR data for these compoundswere thus made available for the first time. Uncertainty and errors in1H and13C NMR data in previous reports are also eliminated and revealed,respectively.
Keywords: alcohols; condensation; natural products; stereochemistry; ethers
来源出版物:Chinese Journal of Chemistry,2015,33(7): 723-728联系邮箱:WU Yi-kang,yikangwu@sioc.ac.cn
软骨藻酸作用蛋白质的亲和毛细管电泳筛选
王晓倩,高铁,洪专,等
摘要:基于亲和毛细管电泳,定性比较了血浆、肠道及细胞线粒体中所选的9种重要功能蛋白质与神经毒性生物毒素——软骨藻酸(domoic acid,DA)的相互作用。以DA淌度比变化量ΔM与蛋白质浓度L作图,根据斜率值大小可比较DA与蛋白质作用的相对强弱。结果如下:可与DA相互作用的有6种蛋白质,作用强弱为:人凝血酶 > 细胞色素C≈胰蛋白酶≈免疫球蛋白E(Ig E)≈核糖核酸酶A > λ核酸外切酶;而铁蛋白、转铁蛋白、凝集素与DA未表现出相互作用和亲和力。实验表明,亲和毛细管电泳具有高效、快速、所需样品量低的优点,可用于DA作用靶蛋白的筛选,为DA的毒性机制研究和毒性防护提供基础信息。
关键词:亲和毛细管电泳;软骨藻酸;蛋白质;相互作用
来源出版物:色谱,2015,33(7): 673-677
联系邮箱:屈锋,qufengqu@bit.edu.cn
Synthesis and structures of triptycene-derived Tröger's base molecular clips
LI Peng-fei,HAN Ying,CHEN Chuan-feng ,et al.
A series of triptycene-derived Tröger's bases with molecular clip shaped structures have been conveniently and efficiently synthesized by one-pot condensation of corresponding amino-substituted triptycenes with paraformaldehyde in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid,and their structures have been characterized by NMR,MALDI-TOF MS spectra,elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Triptycene; Tröger's base; Molecular clip; Synthesis