3 Traditional Chinese M edicine

3 Traditional Chinese M edicine

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Shenluotong Decoction（SD）on serum levels of aldosterone，monocyte chemoattractant protein-1（MCP-1），α-smooth muscle protein（α-SMA），and nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB）in obstructive nephropathy rats，and to explore the initial mechanism of SD for inhibiting renal interstitial fibrosis.M ethodsTotally 48 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into the sham-operation group（n=12）and the model group（n=36）.Renal interstitial fibrosis ratmodel was established by unilateral ureteral obstruction（UUO）.After successful modeling，36 rats were random ly divided into themodel group，the Chinese medicine group，and theWesternmedicine group，12 in each group.Eplerenone was added in the forage at the daily dose of 100 mg/kg for rats in the Western medicine group.Chinesemedicine was added in the forage at the daily dose of 26 g/kg for rats in the Chinese medicine group.Equal volume of normal saline was administered to rats in the sham-operation group and themodel group. Allmedication was performed once daily.The obstructive kidneys were extracted ten days after medication.The pathomorphological changes were observed.The contents of serum aldosterone and MCP-1，and the protein ormRNA expression of MCP-1，α-SMA，and NF-κB were detected.ResultsCompared with the sham-operation group，infiltration of a large amount of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition significantly increased，serum contents of aldosterone and MCP-1 obviously increased（P＜0.01），the expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein were significantly up-regulated（P＜0.01），the protein expressions ofα-SMA and NF-κB were significantly enhanced in the model group（P＜0.01）.Compared with the model group，infiltration of inflammatory cells and renal collagen deposition were attenuated in the Chinese medicine group and the Western medicine group，the serum MCP-1 levels were reduced，and the mRNA and protein expression of MCP-1 was significantly downregulated（P＜0.01），the protein expression ofα-SMA and NF-κB was obviously inhibited（P＜0.01）.At the same time，serum aldosterone level was reduced in the Chinese medicine group（P＜0.01）.ConclusionInflammatory lesions of the renal tissue could promote the progress of interstitial fibrosis in rats with obstructive nephropathy.SD could attenuate interstitial fibrosis through reducing serum contents of aldosterone and MCP-1，down-regulating MCP-1/NF-κB，and inhibiting the expression ofα-SMA.

（Authors）

2015013 Buzhong Yiqi decoction containing serum reversed resistance of A549/DDP to cisp latin and its effect on the exp ression of survivin：an experim ental research.YIJiali（易佳丽），etal.Basic Med Coll，Liaoning TCM Univ，Shenyang 110847.Chin JIntegr Tradit&WestMed 2014；34（10）：1250-55.

Ob jectiveTo analyze the reversal effect of Buzhong YiqiDecoction（BYD）on multidrug resistance of human adenocarcinoma of lung cell line A549/DDP，and to study its effecton the expression of survivin by using serum pharmacological methods in vitro.M ethodsTotally 24 SD ratswere divided into the high，medium and low dose groups，and the blank control group by randomized controlled method.The high dose BYD containing serum（1.134 g/m L，2 mL），themiddle dose BYD containing serum（0.576 g/mL，2 mL），and the low dose BYD containing serum（0.284 g/mL，2 mL）were prepared. The inhibitory effects of different dose and concentrations BYD on the proliferation of A549 and A549/DDP cells were detected by MTT assay，and the drug resistance reversal fold was calculated.The expression of Survivin in the two cell strains were detected respectively by immunohistochemical assay，Western blot，and immunofluorescencemethod.ResultsBYD containing serum showed obvious inhibitory effecton the growth of A549 and 549/ DDP.The inhibition rates of 10%dose groups were higher than those of 5%dose groups.Besides，it gradually increased along with increased concentrations.Compared with 10%blank control group，the inhibition rate increased in 10%middle and low dose groups（P＜0.05）.After acted with 10%middle dose BYD containing serum，IC50of A549 and A549/DDPwere both reduced（P＜0.05），reversal fold（RF）both increased. Its reversal ratio on A549/DDP cells was 2.46，decreasing the resistance of A549/DDP to DDP.Compared with A549 in the same group，the expression of Survivin was detected to decrease by immunocytochemical assay，Western blot，and immunofluorescence method（P＜0.05）.Compared with 10%blank control group，the inhibition rate decreased in 10%middle dose group（P＜0.05）.Conclusion10%middle dose BYD containing serum could significantly inhibit the apoptosis of A549 and A549/DDP.Besides，it could moderately reverse themultidrug resistance of A549/DDP cells to DDP possibly through reducing the intracellular expression of Survivin and enhancing the sensitivity 549/DDP to chemotherapeutics.

（Authors）

2015014 Shuxuening in jection com bined w ith routine therapy in treating patientsw ith active ulcerative colitis：an analysis of efficacy.XIE Zhonghua（谢中华），et al.Dept Intern Med，Yuhang District 2nd People's Hosp，Hangzhou 311121.Chin J Integr West& Med 2014；34（10）：1164-67.

ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effectand relevantmechanism of Shuxuening Injection（SI）in treating patients with active ulcerative colitis（UC）.M ethodsTotally 91 patients with active UC were randomly assigned to 2 groups，44 in the control group and 47 in the treatment group.Patients in the control group received routine treatment，while patients in the treatment group additionally received intravenous injection of SI（15 mL），twice daily for 14 days in total.Colonoscopy was performed before and after treatment.The therapeutic effect was assessed by Mayo scoring system and the grading of activities evaluated by Baron endoscope.Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwere detected by ELISA. The activity of SOD was detected by xanthine oxidase method.The content of MDA was detected by thiobarbituricacid（TBA）.Besides，20 healthy subjects were recruited as the healthy control group.ResultsTotally 82 patients completed the study（40 in the controlgroup and 42 in the treatment group）.There was no statistical difference in serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，SOD，MDA，the Mayo score and endoscope grading between the two groups before treatment（P＞0.05）.Compared with the healthy control group，serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，MDA significantly increased（P＜0.01），and the serum SOD level decreased（P＜0.05）in the treatment group and the control group before treatment.Compared with those before treatment in the same group，serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，MDA，the Mayo score and endoscope grading all decreased in the treatment group and the control group after treatment（P＜0.01，P＜0.05）.Compared with the control group after treatment，serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，MDA，the Mayo score and endoscope grading all decreased（P＜0.01，P＜0.05），the serum SOD levelincreased（P＜0.05）in the treatment group after treatment.The serum SOD level was obviously and negatively correlated with serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，Mayo score，and endoscope score（r=-0.621，-0.638，-0.509，-0.787，P＜0.01）.The serum MDA levelwas obviously and positively correlated with serum levels of IL-6，TNF-α，Mayo score，and endoscope score（r=0.711，0.882，0.525，0.639，P＜0.01）.ConclusionSI could improve inflammatory injury and clinical symptoms of patients with active UC，and itsmechanism might be associated with antioxidant and scavenging oxygen free radicals.

（Authors）

2015015 Effect of Qingchang Huashi Recipe on IL-17 in the p lasm a and colonic m ucosa of patients w ith ulcerative colitis.LU Yuelin（陆玥琳），etal.DeptDig Dis，Jiangsu TCM Hosp，Nanjing210029.Chin JIntegr Tradit&West Med 2014；34（10）：1160-63.

Ob jectiveTo detect the expression level of interleukin 17（IL-17）in the plasma and colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis（UC），and to explore the synergistic mechanism of Qingchang Huashi Recipe（QHR）combined with Mesalazine.M ethods24 mild or moderate UC patients of damp-heat inner accumulation syndrome（DHIAS）were recruited.Their samples of intestinal tissues were histologically graded.They were assigned to the combination group and the Western medicine（WM）group，12 in each group.Besides，another 12 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group.QHR combined with Mesalazinewere given to patients in the combination group，while those in the WM group took Mesalazine.The therapeutic course forallwas 3 months.By the end of treatment the expression level of IL-17 in the plasma and colonic mucosa was detected using ELISA.The infiltration of IL-17 in the intestinal mucosal tissue was detected by immunohistochemical SP method.ResultsThe expression level of IL-17 in the plasma and colonicmucosa was significantly higher in UC patients than in healthy controls（P＜0.05）.The higher the histological grading the higher the expression level. The expression level of IL-17 in plasma and colonic tissues decreased after treatment in the two treatmentgroups（P＜0.05）.Besides，the expression level of IL-17 was lower in the combination group than in the WM group（P＜0.05）.ConclusionQHR combined with Mesalazine could synergistically enhance the effect and effectively inhibit intestinal inflammation through down-regulating the expression of IL-17.

（Authors）

2015016 A correlation study between diarrhea-p redom inant irritable bowel syndrome comp licated functional dyspepsia patients of gan-stagnation pi-deficiency syndrome and gastrointestinal horm ones.ZHAO Liang（赵梁），et al.Lab Gastroenterol，Clin Med Sch，Yangzhou Univ，Yangzhou 225001.Chin J Integr Tradit&West Med 2014；30（10）：1168-72.

这里将语境分为特定话语(问句)所适应的语境和话语建构后新生成的语境两大类。其中每一类又都可以有文本语境和非文本语境。

Ob jectiveTo investigate the correlation between the pathogeneses of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome（D-IBS）complicated functional dyspepsia（FD）patients of Gan-stagnation Pi-deficiency Syndrome（GSPDS）and symptoms，psychological states，and gastrointestinal hormones.M ethodsA total of 111 patients with confirmed D-IBS complicated FD of GSPDSwere recruited as the treated group by using RomeⅢstandard and Chinese medical syndrome standard.And 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.The general condition，scoring for digestive symptoms，and the distribution of GSPDSsubtype of all subjectswere recorded by a questionnaire，and assessed by Symptom Checklist（SCL-90；a software for psychological test developed by Beijing Huicheng Adult Corporation）.Meanwhile，plasma levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT），somatostatin（SS），vasoactive intestinal peptide（VIP），endothelin（ET），interleukin 10（IL-10），and interleukin 12（IL-12）weremeasured in allsubjects.Results（1）The subtype ofD-IBScomplicated FD of GSPDSwas dominant in Pi-qi deficiency type（51/111，45.9%），Pi yang deficiency type（34/111，30.6%），and GSPDS.There was no statistical difference in the scoring of digestive symptoms among the 3 subtypes（P＞0.05）.（2）Compared with the control group，the anxiety factor score and the total score significantly increased in all three subtypes of D-IBS complicated FD of GSPDS，and the depression score of Pi yang deficiency type and Gan depression type also significantly increased（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）；the depression score of Gan-depression type was significantly higher than that of the Pi-qideficiency type（P＜0.01）.Plasma 5-HT levels were obviously lower in D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS accompanied with anxiety or depression than in those with no obvious psychological abnormalities，and VIPand IL-10 levelswere significantly lower than those in the control group（P＜0.05）. Plasma VIP levels were also obviously lower in D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS accompanied with anxiety or depression than in those with no obvious psychological abnormalities（P＜0.01），and SS levels were significantly lower than those in the control group（P＜0.05）.There was no statistical difference in plasma ET or IL-12 levels in each patient group，when compared with the control group（P＞0.05）.（3）Compared with the control group，plasma 5-HT levels significantly increased，plasma VIP and IL-10 levels significantly decreased in each subtype of D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），and no significant change of SS，ET，or IL-12 occurred（P＞0.05）. Besides，plasma 5-HT levels were significantly higher in Gan-depression type than in Piyang deficiency type，VIP levels were lower in Gan-depression type than in Pi-qi deficiency type（all P＜0.05）.ConclusionGan stagnation and Pi deficiency were dominant in D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS.Psychological abnormalities，increased plasma 5-HT levels，and decreased plasma VIP levels were closely correlated with Gan stagnation subtype，which provided some reference for looking for objective indicators or Chinese medical syndromes in treating D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS.

（Authors）

2015017 Effect of triptolide on the expression of RANTES in the renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats.ZHU Jiajin（朱加进），et al.3rd Clin Med Coll，Zhejiang TCM Univ，Hangzhou 310053.Chin J Integr Tradit&West Med 2014；34（10）：1231-37.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of triptolide（TPL）on the renal tissue of diabetic rats and its possiblemechanisms.M ethodsSD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group（as the normal group），the diabetic model group（the model group），the low dose TPL treatment group（the low dose TPL group，TPL 0.2 mg/kg by gastrogavage），the high dose TPL treatment group（the high dose TPL group，TPL 0.4 mg/kg by gastrogavage）.Equal volume of normal saline was given to rats in the normal group and the model group. Five ratswere randomly selected from each group atweek 4，8，and 12 of the experiment to detect body weight，kidney weight，24 h urinary albumin（24 h UAL），plasma glucose（FBG），total cholesterol（TC），total triglyeride（TG），alanine aminotransferase（ALT），aspartate aminotransferase（AST），white blood cell（WBC），and hemoglobin A1c（HbA1c）.The mRNA and protein expression of regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted（RANTES）in the renal tissue was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）.The renal tissue was pathologically stained by HE，PAS，and Masson staining.The glomerular and renal tubular interstitial lesionswere observed ateach time point.The glomerular sclerosis index（GSI）was observed by PAS staining，and the renal interstitial fibrosis index（RIFI）was calculated.Resu ltsCompared with the same group atweek 4，the expression of24 h UAL，RANTES，GSI，and RIFIatweek 12 significantly decreased in two TPL groups（P＜0.01）.Compared with the same group atweek 8，the expression of 24 h UAL，RANTES，GSI，and RIFI at week 12 also significantly decreased in the two TPL groups（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）.Compared with the normal group，body weight and the kidney weight obviously decreased at week 4，8，and 12 in the model group（P＜0.01）；24 h UAL，FBG，TG，TC，HbA1c，RANTES，GSI，and RIFIwere obviously elevated（P＜0.01）.Compared with the model group，24 h UAL，RANTES，GSI，and RIFIalso decreased in the two TPL treatment groups（P＜0.01）.Compared with the low dose TPL group，they were attenuated in the high dose TPL group（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）.ConclusionTPL could not only inhibit the over-expression of RANTES，butalso improve the glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis in the renal tissue of diabetic rats.

（Authors）

2015018 Adjunctive therapy of Xuezhikang capsule for coronary heart disease：a systematic review and m eta-analysis of random ized controlled trials.WANG Yang（王洋），et al.1st Clin Coll，Liaoning TCM Univ，Shenyang 110847.Chin J Integr Tradit&West Med2014；34（10）：1182-91.

Ob jectiveTo systematically evaluate the effect and safety of Xuezhikang Capsule（XZKC）in adjuvant treatment for coronary heart disease（CHD）patients accompanied with or without dyslipidemia.MethodsChina National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）Database，Chongqing VIPDatabase（VIP），Wanfang Database，Cochrane Library，and Medline（PubMed）were retrieved with the deadline of August30，2013.Randomized controlled trials（PCT）of XZKC in treating CHD patients with or without dyslipidemia were all included.Assessment of bias risk for included studieswas conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention（Version 5.0.2）：Criteria for judging risk of bias in the＂risk of bias＂assessment tool. Review Management（5.1.0）was employed for data statistics.If there was no significant heterogeneity，results from the random-effectmodelwere presented.If the heterogeneity was not substantial，a meta-analysis was not performed and a narrative and qualitative summary was performed instead.ResultsA total of 28 RCTs（6 949 patients）were included after screening results.The methodological quality of included trial was generally lower.Results of Meta-analysis showed that XZKC was beneficial for CHD patients in decreasing cardiovascular events：When compared with the basic treatment group，the relative risk（RR）was0.53 and 95%confidence interval（CI）was［0.35，0.81］；when compared with the placebo+basic treatment group，RR was 0.52 and 95%CIwas［0.42，0.65］；when compared with the basic treatment group，RR for improving symptoms of angin was 1.20 and 95%CIwas［1.12，1.30］；when compared with the basic treatment group，RR for improving abnormal ECG was 1.38 and 95%CIwas［1.21，1.57］.Thirteen studies showed that XZKC+basic treatmentwas obviously superior in lowering total cholesterol（TC）to that of the basic treatmentgroup.Three studies showed that XZKC+basic treatmentwas obviously superior in lowering total cholesterol（TC）to that of the placebo+basic treatment group.Thirteen studies showed that XZKC+basic treatment was obviously superior in lowering low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）to that of the basic treatment group.Three studies showed that XZKC+basic treatment was obviously superior in lowering LDL-C to that of the placebo+basic treatment group.A total of 18 studies describing adverse reactions（ADs）involoved 61 ADs in the XZKC+basic treatment group.Allsuffered from mild symptoms orwere improved after treatment.No severe ADs occurred.ConclusionTreatment of CHD by XZKC might lower the occurrence of cardiovascular events in CHD patients accompanied with or without dyslipidemia，relieve clinical symptoms，improve ECG and lower blood lipid levels with less adverse reactions.

（Authors）

2015019 Effect of tanshinoneⅡA on endothelial cells'cyclooxygenase-2 expression and the relative m echanism s.WANG Hongyan（王红艳），et al.Dept Geriatr，Ruijing Hosp，Med Sch，Shanghai Jiaotong Univ，Shanghai 200025.Chin J Arterioscler 2014；22（10）：997-1000.

Ob jectiveTo investigate the effect of TanshinoneⅡA on endothelial cells'cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2）expression and the relative mechanisms.MethodsHuman aortic endothelial cells were incubated in vitro and then co-cultured with angiotensinⅡ（100 nmol/L），TanshinoneⅡA（1μmmol/L）and no drugs respectively for 10 minutes，1 hour and 2 hours.The expressions of COX-2 mRNA were measured by real time-PCR and COX-2，p38MAPK，pp38MAPK，NF-κB and p-NF-κB protein levelsweremeasured by Western blotassay.ResultsAngiotensinⅡcould induce the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein（P＜0.01）as same as the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and NF-κB（P＜0.01）.Incubating human aortic endothelial cells with angiotensinⅡand TanshinoneⅡA suppressed the expression of COX-2（P＜0.01）and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and NF-κB was also decreased（P＜0.01）.ConclusionTanshinoneⅡA could suppress the expression of COX-2 and itmay be achieved through inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and NF-κB.

（Authors）

2015020 The effects of Persimmon leaves flavonoid p reparation and sim vastatin on the level of inflamm atory cytokines and lipop rotein（a）in serum of the hypertensives.YANG Zhiyuan（杨志远），et al.DeptCardiovasc Med，People's Armed Police Corps Hosp，Guangzhou 518029.Chin JArterioscler 2014；22（10）：1044-48.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects on inflammmatory factors，lipoprotein（a）in hypertension patients by adding persimmon leaves flavonoid preparation in conventional antihypertensive therapy.M ethodsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria strictly，from Jun to Dec 2013，90 hypertensive patients graded 1～2 were included and random ly divided into three groups：persimmon leaves flavonoid preparation group（valsartan and Naoxinqing tablets），simvastatin group（valsartan and simvastatin），and control group（valsartan），30 patients per group.Serum tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-1（IL-1），IL-6，IL-8，C-reactive protein（CRP），endothelin（ET）and lipoprotein（a）［Lp（a）］were determined by protein chipmethod before the therapy and 6 months later.Resu ltsAfter treatment，the inflammatory factors and Lp（a）levels of persimmon leaves flavonoid preparation group and simvastatin group were lower than control group（P＜0.01），but there were no significant differences on inflammatory factors and Lp（a）levels between the persimmon leaves flavonoid preparation group and the simvastatin group（P＞0.05）.The blood pressure of patients in control group was significantly reduced after treatment（P＜0.05）.The blood pressure of patients with the therapy of persimmon leaves flavonoid preparation and simvastatin decreased more than thatof control group（P＜0.05），and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDLC）and triglyceride（TG）were reduced（P＜0.05）.ConclusionThe blood pressure of hypertensiveswill significantly be depressed after therapy of persimmon leaves flavonoid preparation and simvastatin.In addition，medicine effect of persimmon leaves flavonoid and simvastatin can lead to reduced level of serum inflammatory factors and Lp（a）in hypertension patients.

（Authors）

2015021 Protective effects of gentiopicroside on rat pressure-overload inducedmyocardial hyperthrophy.WANG Ge（王戈），et al.Dept Cardiovasc Surg，Xijing Hosp，4th MilitMed Univ，Xi'an 710032.Chin JArterioscler 2014；22（10）：981-987.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effectof pretreatment with Gentiopicroside on transverse aortic constriction（TAC）-induced myocardial hypertrophy.M ethods40 male C57BLmicewere random ly divided into two groups：sham group（n=6）and myocardial hypertrophy model group（n=32）.Mice in myocardial hypertrophy group were operated transverse aortic constriction.24 h later，the mice in myocardial hypertrophy group were randomly divided into 4 groups：myocardial hypertrophy model group，Gentiopicroside high，middle and low dose group，which were given physiological saline and different doses of Gentiopicroside for4 weeks.Echocardiogram was performed to assess the cardiac function changes. Heart weight to body weight ratio（HW/BW），heart weight/tibial length（HW/TL），left ventricular end-diastolic diameter（LVEDD），left ventricular end-systolic diameter（LVESD），left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）and left ventricular fractional shortening（FS）weremeasured.The expression levels of atrial natriuretic peptide（ANP），brain natriuretic peptide（BNP），andβmyosin heavy chain（β-MHC）in heart tissues and the size of cardiomyocytes were also observed.ResultsCompared with myocardial hypertrophy model group，the LVEDD decreased 24.9%in Gentiopicroside group（especially dose up to 10.0 mg/（kg·d），the LVESD decreased 26.3%；while the LVEF increased 49.5%，the FS increased 62.6%，respectively（P＜0.01）.The HW/BW and the cardiac myocyte cross-sectional area showed a decrease in Gentiopicroside group compared with myocardial hypertrophy model group（P＜0.01），while still increased significantly compared with the normal control group.The expression of ANP，BNP andβ-MHC in Gentiopicro side group was lower than that in myocardial hypertrophy model group（P＜0.05）.ConclusionGentiopicroside intervenes the progress of pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy in C57BL mice.

（Authors）

2015022 Effect of compound Qizhu granule on cellular immunity of chronic hepatitis B patients.ZHU Yinfang（朱银芳），et al.Dept Hepatol，Wuxi No.5 People's Hosp，Wuxi 214005.Chin J Integr Tradit& WestMed 2014；34（10）：1178-81.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Compound Qizhu Granule（CQG）on cellular immunity of chronic hepatitis B（CHB）patients.M ethodsTotally 103 CHB patients treated with lamivudin（LAM）for 6 months，who had partial virological response（HBeAg positive）were randomly assigned to two groups，50 in the treatment group and 53 in the control group.All patients took LAM 100 mg（once a day）plus ADV 10mg（once a day）.Patients in the treatment group additionally took CQG，one dose per day.After one-year tretment hepatitis B virus（HBV）DNA negative rates，HBeAg seroconversion，levels of HBV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte（CTL），non-specific CTL and natural killing（NK）cellswere compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter 1-year treatment，HBV DNA negative rate of the treatment group was 88.0%in 44 cases，slightly higher than that of the control group（41 cases，77.4%），but with no statistical difference（P＞0.05）.HBeAg seroconversion of the treatment group was32.0%in 16 cases，higher than that of the control group（8 cases，15.1%），with statistical difference（P＜0.05）.Levels of HBV specific CTL（0.79%±0.07%），non-specific CTL（19.4%± 1.8%）and NK cells（14.1%±1.5%）of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group（0.58%±0.08%，17.5%±1.7%，and 11.1%± 1.5%，respectively；all P＜0.01）.ConclusionTreating CHB patients with partial virological response by ADV plus CQG could improve specific and non-specific cellular immunity，thereby elevating HBeAg seroconversion rate.

（Authors）

2015023 Astragaloside IV attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling.XU Weijia（徐维佳），et al.Dept Nephrol，Kidney Dis Molec Cell Lab，Renji Hosp，Sch Med，Shanghai jiaotong Univ，Shanghai 200001.Chin J Nephrol，2014；30（10）：770-776.

Ob jectiveTo investigate the effect of astragaloside IV（AS-IV）on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and its regulation on p38 MAPK signaling.MethodsIn vivo，UUO modelwith renal tubulointerstitial injury was constructed. Mice in AS-IV group were orally administrated AS-IV 20 mg·kg-1·d-1for 7 days after operation，and mice in other groups were administrated the equal volume vehicle.Bilateral kidneys were collected in 7 and 14 days after operation.Transverse kidney slices were stained with Masson trichrome to evaluate the severity of renal tubule injury.In vitro，normal human renal tubular epithelial cells（HK-2）were stimulated with reombinant TGF-β1（10 ng/mL）and simultaneously treated with different concentrations of AS-IV（0，50，100，200μg/mL）for 24 h.SB203580（10μmol/L）was also utilized to pretreat HK-2 cells for 1 h to inhibit phosphorylation of p38 MAPK signaling.The expression of FN，Col IV，andα-SMA was investigated by western blotting and real-time PCR.The expression of p-p38MAPKswas also observed by Western Blotting.Resu ltsAstragaloside IV morphologically ameliorated renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.The proteins andmRNA expression of FN，Col IV，α-SMA，and TGF-β1 were also increased significantly in UUO kidney tissues（all P＜0.05），which could be reversed by AS-IV administration（all P＜0.05）.In vitro，the expression of FN，Col IV，andα-SMA were up-regulated by TGF-β1 after stimulating for 24 h（all P＜0.05），which were decreased by AS-IV.The inhibition effects on FN andα-SMA were similar between AS-IV and MAPK inhibitor SB203580.AS-IV inhibited p-p38 MAPK signals both in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionASIV could attenuate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by UUO and TGF-β1 through reducing FN、Col IV、α-SMA expression in renal tubular cells.Themechanism of AS-IV protective effectmight be associated with inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation.

（Authors）