谭亭昭 陈宗祥 王建红
1临床资料
患者,男,53岁,因"左阴囊肿物3个月"于2009年3月就诊我院。查体:左侧附睾扪及2 cm×2 cm×1.5 cm肿物,表面欠光滑,质地较硬,轻度压痛。辅助检查:彩超:左附睾体部可探及大小约1.3 cm×1.1 cm低回声结节,内回声不均匀。胸部CT:双肺多发结节灶,考虑肺转移可能性大。于2009年3月19日在硬膜外麻醉下行"左侧睾丸、附睾及肿瘤切除术",术中见:肿瘤大小约1.5 cm×1.5 cm,质地硬,位于精索上,与睾丸有粘连。术后病理:左精索粘液腺癌(考虑转移)。术后为寻原发灶,行电子结肠镜、电子胃镜、腹部及盆腔增强CT均未见异常。血肿瘤标志物:CEA 11.86 ng/ml CA199 84.64 U/ml FREEPS/PSA-HYB 0.28 PSA-Hyb 0.68 ng/ml freePSA 0.19 ng/ml,高度怀疑消化系统来源的转移性肿瘤。术后4个月再次复查腹部增强CT提示胰尾部占位。行彩超引导下穿刺活检术,病理:粘液腺癌。最终证实原发灶为胰腺来源。后给予积极全身化疗,生存15个月,最后死于多脏器功能衰竭。
2讨论
精索的转移性肿瘤极为少见,胰腺癌精索转移的病例更为罕见,至2005年日本全国共报道胰腺癌精索转移14例[1],截止2012年我国共报道5例[2-5]。附睾转移性腺癌的转移途径有血管、淋巴管、直接浸润、腹膜种植、逆行扩展等[6],本例患者转移途径尚不能明确。以胰腺为原发灶的附睾转移性肿瘤预后极差,目前尚未有生存期的报道。本例患者在胰腺原发灶症状未出现前就发生了远处转移,但在积极给予以"吉西他滨、奥沙利铂"等药物为主的全身化疗后获得了15个月的生存期,大大超过了预期。因此,在临床中发现精索转移性肿瘤,应高度怀疑胰腺来源,早期行根治性附睾肿物切除术,如果患者身体条件许可,根据病情尽早行化疗或放疗。
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编辑/张燕