扬帆“一带一路”重庆争先奋楫

□ 文/朱晞颜

●（作者单位：中共重庆市委外事工作领导小组办公室、重庆市人民政府外事侨务办公室）

提出丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路（以下简称“一带一路”）战略倡议，是我国适应全球形势变化，统筹国际国内大局做出的重大决策。一年多来，中国以实际行动证明，“一带一路”不仅仅是高瞻远瞩的宏伟蓝图，更是脚踏实地的深耕细作，通过“一带一路”建设把中国与世界60多个国家90多个城市的发展更加紧密地联系在一起，是新常态下打造经济共同体、命运共同体、责任共同体的典型见证，也是我们贯彻“四个全面”总体布局的重大实践。今年3月，习近平主席出席博鳌亚洲论坛2015年年会期间，《推进共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》发布，掀起“一带一路”建设新篇章。

重庆是中国内陆唯一的中央直辖市，也是国家中心城市和长江上游的经济中心。在地域分布上，重庆处于“一带一路”和长江经济带“Y”字形大通道的联结点上，具有承东启西、连接南北的独特优势，是丝绸之路经济带的重要战略支点和海上丝绸之路的产业腹地。面对新的历史责任和难得的历史机遇，重庆将紧紧围绕国家“一带一路”战略规划，牢牢把握中央要求和对重庆的功能定位，坚持互利互惠、合作共赢的原则，以服务中央总体外交为统领，助推重庆开发开放为动力，充分发挥优势，挖掘潜力，切实推进与“一带一路”国家在政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通等方面对接互补，加快重庆与相关国家在基础设施、经贸往来、科教文化等领域开展务实合作，搭建起全方位、多层次、复合型的对外交往格局，实现重庆与“一带一路”国家在更大范围、更高水平、更深层次的合作共赢。

以推动设施建设为抓手，共建互联互通大通道。充分发挥重庆的区位优势，密切重庆与“一带一路”国家的互联互通水平。积极争取国家支持，加快兰渝、渝昆高铁的建设进度，做实“渝新欧”铁路大通道的承运水平，加快融入中欧通道铁路运输、口岸通关协调机制，用好“渝新欧”国际班列良好的运输态势，建设沟通境内外、连接东中西的运输通道。积极带动长江中上游地区和俄罗斯伏尔加河沿岸联邦区的合作。向南，重庆将加快通过云南等的联结，畅通与缅甸、越南等地的联络。积极培育重庆始发或经停重庆至南亚、中亚、西亚、中东欧等“一带一路”区域的国际客货航线。加快推进油气管网建设，逐步形成以重庆为节点，连接中哈、中缅、沿江原油管道的原油供应通道。推动重庆直达国际通信业务出入口至日本、韩国、新加坡、香港等国家和地区的通信专线建设，构建起和“一带一路”国家更加便捷畅通的交通大通道。

以加快经贸合作为重点，共谋互利互惠大产业。本着“企业主体、市场主导、政府推动、商业运作”原则创新国际区域合作模式，做好资源、资产、资金“走出去”和“引进来”的大文章。其一，引导重庆本土优势企业赴外投资。重庆是中国的汽车之都，电子信息产业发展迅猛，装备制造全国领先，而目前很多“一带一路”国家绝大多数处于工业化初级阶段，在相关产业领域需求旺盛，应大力鼓励和引导优势企业走出去，有选择地赴“一带一路”国家投资兴业、设立加工企业，参与当地项目建设等。其二，推进国外资本与重庆深度融合。扩大对外资开放领域，允许外资资本进入相关行业和领域，吸引外资参与设立医疗、教育培训、新闻广电和数据服务等机构，鼓励他们更多参与相关行业发展。其三，提升区域经济对外开放水平。加快推动跨境金融合作，引入海外资本与金融改革创新，创新产业投融资模式，支持重庆企业开展人民币跨境结算，进一步扩大人民币跨境使用等等。

以构建科学机制为支撑，共搭互享互动大平台。站在新的起点，必须另辟发展蹊径，持续推动创新、支持创业，最大限度激发市场活力与创造力。其一，主动对口对接国际大市场建设。以两江新区为平台，以装备制造为切入点，积极争取开展相关合作试点，通过体制机制创新，形成国际贸易、国际物流、国际金融、信息集成、资源集聚与整合、综合服务、休闲观光和经济发展的国家级示范园区。探索对外商投资实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理模式，开展人民币离岸业务在岸结算试点。其二，在重庆设立相关的研发中心、产学研一体化基地和科技成果转化平台，完善引才、育才、用才、留才机制，有针对性地引进优秀人才，尤其是要聚拢好涉外人才“智力库”资源。加大对海外人才的引进力度，推进和海外人才的良性互动，吸引“一带一路”国家各类人才到重庆就业创业，汇聚国内外精英英才。其三，扶持创意新兴产业发展。大力发展高新技术企业、文化创意企业、战略性新兴产业企业，试行更加灵活优惠的税收措施，发展涵盖电子信息、装备制造、卫生教育、社会公共服务、文化创意、设计研发、动漫游戏在内的综合服务业，将重庆打造成全球具有较大影响力的对外服务贸易示范城市。

以创新要素配置为动力，共兴互补互融大市场。坚持内生增长和外涵发展并重，不断提升经济发展质量和水平。其一，积极培育跨境电子商务。目前国家已批准重庆为国家电子商务示范城市，重庆可依托“渝新欧”国际联运大通道、仙桃数据谷等有利条件，选择一批发展快、信用好、管理规范的电子商务平台企业进行重点培育。其二，培育发展生产要素市场。培育发展现货、期货交易，建设交易交割、集散分拨中心，加大对“渝新欧”沿线、长江经济带沿线地区的物流辐射，把重庆建成面对“一带一路”国家的重要流通集散基地。其三，充分激发本土消费潜力。依托两路寸滩保税港区、西永保税区等开放平台，建立免税品物流中心、开设网上交易平台、促进“一带一路”国家的高端零售业在重庆落地发展。其四，做大做强本土优势产业品牌。通过大企业示范带动等方式，引导重庆企业建立现代企业制度并向集团化集群化发展模式转变。深化与“一带一路”国家的产业合作，鼓励延伸产业链对接，加大产品研发创新和市场开拓力度，拓展市场份额。

以加快文旅融合为补充，共造互促互进大环境。重庆是我国的历史文化名城，红色文化、抗战文化、三峡文化等特色鲜明，近年来与“一带一路”国家的文化交流活动十分频繁。我们要利用独特的文化资源，以合作、创新和服务为主题，构建面向“一带一路”国家的旅游休闲中心和对外文化传播基地，高水平建设重庆文化旅游展示中心，高起点规划建设大型重庆文化展示中心。选派人员赴“一带一路”国家开展华文教学、文艺交流等活动。打造重庆主题文化基地和“一带一路”旅游体验展示基地，加快“一带一路”旅游新线路开发，吸引“一带一路”国家来渝开展旅游投资合作，共同讲好重庆故事。为实现重庆与“一带一路”战略的对接与耦合，加快内陆开放高地建设营造良好环境。

The strategic initiative of Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (“One Belt and One Road”for short) is a major decision that China makes to adapt to changes in global situations and to coordinately grasp the overall international and domestic situations.Since its proposal more than one year ago,China,through its practice,proves that “One Belt and One Road”Initiative not only represents a high-aiming great blueprint but also its down-to-earth endeavor.Construction of “One Belt and One Road”closely connects China to over 90 cities in over 60 countries along “One Belt and One Road”.As a typical witness of China’s building an economic community,a community of common destiny and a communication of common responsibility under the new normal situation,“One Belt and One Road”embodies the major practice of China in implementing the general layout of “Four Comprehensiveness”,namely,comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society,comprehensively deepening reform,comprehensively implementing the rule of law and comprehensively strengthening Party discipline.President Xi Jinping delivered the report entitled Vision and Actions on Jointly Building the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road at the 2015 Bo’ao Forum for Asia in March this year,turning a new page in the construction of “One Belt and One Road”.

Chongqing,the only inland municipality directly under the central government in China,is a national central city and an economic center in the upper reaches of Yangtze River.Geologically,Chongqing,seated at the intersection of “One Belt and One Road”and the Y corridor of Yangtze River Economic Belt,is advantageous as it connects the east and the north to and the west and the south.It is an important strategic pivot of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the industrial rear area of the Maritime Silk Road.In the face of the new historical responsibilities and the rare opportunity,Chongqing,sticking to the national strategic planning for “One Belt and One Road”,fully understanding the requirements of the central government and functional positioning of Chongqing and adhering to principle of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation,will give full play to its advantages and tap its potentials to promote cooperation and complementation with countries along “One Belt and One Road”in policy coordination,facilities connectivity,unimpeded trade,financial integration and peopleto-people bond,speed up practical cooperation of Chongqing with relevant countries in infrastructure,economic transaction and trading,science,education and culture,establish an alldimensional,multi-tiered,composite foreign contact pattern,and realize broad,high-level and deep win-win cooperation of Chongqing with countries along “One Belt and One Road”under the guiding policy of serving the overall diplomacy of the central government and with the impetus of Chongqing development and opening-up.

Taking infrastructure construction as the breakthrough point,to jointly build a connectivity corridor.We will give full play to the geological advantages of Chongqing to improve its connectivity level with countries along “One Belt and One Road”.We will actively solicit the support of the central government,speed up construction of Lanzhou-Chongqing and Chongqing-Kunming high-speed railways and improve the carrying capability of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway corridor,so as to integrate into Sino-Europe Corridor railway transport and port custom declaration coordination mechanism more quickly,make good use of the sound transport situation of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe international trains and build up a transport corridor that connect East China,Central China and West China and connect China with foreign countries.We will actively promote cooperation between the middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River with federal regions of Russia along the Volga River.To the south,Chongqing will tighten contact with Myanmar and Vietnam through Yunnan Province.We will active design new international passenger and freight air routes that depart from Chongqing to South Asia,Central Asia,West Asia and Central-East Europe along “One Belt and One Road”or head to these regions via Chongqing.We will speed up construction of oil and gas pipeline network and gradually build Chongqing into the junction connecting the Sino-Kazakhstan and Sino-Burmese crude oil supply pipelines and the crude oil supply pipeline along Yangtze River.We will promote construction of the direct international communication access and the dedicated communication lines to Japan,ROK,Singapore and Hong Kong,so as to establish a more convenient and smooth communication corridor with countries along “One Belt and One Road”.

To jointly develop mutual-beneficial industries with focus on accelerating economic and trade cooperation.In the principle of “enterprises as the main body,market taking dominance,government encouragement and commercial operation”,we will innovate in international regional cooperation mode and do a good job in export and import of resources,assets and funds.First,we will guide local advantageous enterprises in Chongqing to invest in foreign countries.Chongqing is known as the automobile capital of China.Its electronic information industry develops rapidly.It takes a leading position in equipment manufacturing.Many countries along “One Belt and One Road”are still in the preliminary stage of industrialization and have strong demands in relevant industrial fields.We shall encourage and lead advantageous enterprise to go global,selectively establish branches and processing enterprises in countries along “One Belt and One Road”,and participate in local projects.Second,we shall promote deep integration of foreign capitals with local market of Chongqing.We shall open up more sectors to foreign investment,allow foreign investment in relevant industries and fields,attract foreign investment in medical service,education and trainings,news,broadcasting and culture,and data services,and encourage them to participate more in development of relevant industries.Third,we will improve the level of Chongqing Region in economic opening-up.We will accelerate cross-border financial cooperation,introduce in overseas capitals,complete financial reform and innovation and innovate in industrial investment and financing modes,so as to support Chongqing enterprises in Renminbi cross-border settlement and further expand cross-border use of Renminbi.

To establish a platform for sharing and interaction with the support of scientific mechanism.Standing at the new starting point,we must walk a new way of development,continuously promote innovation and provide support to entrepreneurship to motivate market vitality and creativity to the maximum extent.First,we will actively coordinate in construction of international market.On the platform of Liangjiang New Area and using equipment manufacturing as the breakthrough point,we will actively carry out relevant pilot cooperation project and establish a state-level demonstration park in international trading,international logistics,international finance,information integration,resource agglomeration and integration,comprehensive services,recreation and sightseeing and economic development through system and mechanism innovation.We will explore the application of preaccess national treatment plus negative list management mode to foreign investment and implement pilot on-shore settlement of RMB offshore business.Second,we will establish R＆D centers,bases for integration of production,study and researches and the platform for industrialization of scientific and technological achievements,complete and mechanism of talent introduction,cultivation,utilization and keeping,so as to introduce in relevant excellent talent,especially build up a pool of foreign talents.We will intensify introduction of overseas talents,promote positive interaction with them,and gather elites in and abroad to attract talents from countries along “One Belt and One Road”to seek employment and entrepreneurship in Chongqing.Third,we will support development of newlyemerging creative industry.We will vigorously develop high and new technology enterprises,cultural creative enterprises and those engaged in strategic newly-emerging industries;we will try more flexible preferential tax measures;and we will development a comprehensive service sector that covers electronic information,equipment manufacturing,health and education,social public service,cultural creation,design and R＆D and animation and games,so as to build Chongqing into a demonstration city in foreign service and trade with major influence in the world.

To jointly development a complementary market under the impetus of allocation of creative factors.We will attach equal importance to endogenous growth and external development to constantly improve economic development quality and level.First,we will actively develop cross-border e-commerce.The central government has recognized Chongqing as a national e-commerce demonstration city.Relying on the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe international railway corridor and Xiantao Data Valley,Chongqing will give priority to cultivating a number of credible e-commerce platform enterprises that grow rapidly and are facilitated with standard management.Second,we will cultivate and develop factor market.We will develop spot and futures transactions,establish a trade delivery and distribution center and expand the logistic influence to regions along the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe railway and Yangtze River Economic Belt,so as to build Chongqing into an important circulation and distribution base for countries along “One Belt and One Road”.Third,we will give full play to local consumption potentials.Relying on the open platforms such as Lianglu Cuntan Bonded Port Area and Xiyong Bonded Area,we will establish duty-free commodities logistic center and establish an on-line transaction platform to promote development of high-end retail originated in countries along “One Belt and One Road”in Chongqing.Fourth,we will enlarge and strengthen local advantageous industrial brand.Under the demonstrative and driving effect of large enterprises,we will lead Chongqing enterprise to establish modern enterprise management systems and promote transformation of their development mode to collectivization or cluster development.We will deepen industrial cooperation with countries along “One Belt and One Road”,encourage extension and connection of industrial chain,intensify product R＆D and innovation and market exploitation,and increase market share.

To jointly create a mutual-promoting environment complemented by quicker cultural and tourism integration.As a historically and culturally-renowned city in China,Chongqing distinctively features red culture,anti-war culture and threegorge culture.In recent year,it has been frequently engaged in cultural exchange with countries along “One Belt and One Road”.We will utilize our unique cultural resources to build up a tourism and recreation center and an international cultural communication base that are themed on cooperation,innovation and service and are oriented to countries along “One Belt and One Road”.We will construct the cultural and tourism exhibition center of Chongqing and plan for and build up large Chongqing culture exhibition center at high level and high starting point.We will select and assign proper people to countries along “One Belt and One Road”for Chinese teaching and cultural and artistic exchange.We will build up Chongqing themed cultural base and “One Belt and One Road”tourist experience and exhibition base,accelerate development new tourist routes,and attract countries along “One Belt and One Road”to invest in and cooperate with Chongqing tourism industry,so as to introduce Chongqing to the world.In order to keep in line with “One Belt and One Road”Initiative,Chongqing will speed up its opening-up as the inland highland and create a favorable environment.