Module 11 Units 1—2 单元点拨

Unit 1

一、重点词汇

1. reflect

Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的智慧。

[拓展] reflect on 思考：I need some time to reflect on your suggestion. 我需要一些时间思考你的建议。

reflection

（1） Can you see your reflection in the glass？ 你能看到镜中的映像吗？

（2） consideration深思，考虑

At first I disagreed， but on reflection （= after thinking carefully about it）， I realized she was right.

[拓展]

经再三考虑on / upon reflection on second thought

陷入沉思 be lost in reflection / thought

2. tough adj.

[拓展]

1） 坚韧的;有韧性的：as tough as leather像皮革一样坚韧

2） 严酷的;苛刻的：Many homeless people are facing a tough winter. 许多无家可归的人正面临着一个严寒的冬天。

3） 困难的;费力的;难切难吃的：tough meat老肉

4） 困难的;费力的或麻烦的： a tough job棘手的工作

They will be a tough team to beat. 他们将是一个难以应付的团队。

5） 坚决的;强硬的;顽强的

a tough policy强硬的政策 a tough guy 〈美口〉硬汉 a tough law 严格的

3. support vt. / n. 支持，支撑，赡养，供养

（1） 支撑;托住These posts support the roof. 这些柱子支撑着房顶。

（2） 资助;鼓励;帮助

She supports her husband on the money she earns from teaching. 她用教书挣的钱资助丈夫。

（3） 拥护;支持

Which football team do you support？ 你支持哪个足球队？

[拓展] be in support of sb. / sth. 支援某人/某物

4. approach v. 对付，处理，向……靠近 n. 方法

[拓展]

approach a problem 处理问题

approach the enemys ship 靠近敌人的船

a correct approach to the subject 研究这个问题的正确方法

5. option n. 选择;选择权;选择自由，可选择的东西任选项;取舍;任意

[拓展]

at ones option 随意

There are four options in our college. 我们大学里有四门选修科。

have no option but to （do） 除了……以外没有他法，只好……;leave ones options open 不做选择;不表态;不做承诺;留有回旋余地;leave to ones option 任意选择;make ones option 进行选择

You have no option. 你没有选择的余地。

There are three options open to us in that matter. 在那个问题上我们有三个选择的可能。

optional adj. 可选择的

It is optional with you. 那是你的自由。

Attendance at the lecture is optional. 这一讲座可随意参加。

[拓展] 选修课 optional / elective subjects;必修课 compulsory subjects

6. investigate vt. 调查，研究

那位侦探被派去调查该罪行。The detective was sent to investigate the crime.

investigation n. 研究;调查

[拓展] 实施调查 conduct / carry out an investigation;investigative adj. 研究的，调查的

二、重点词组

1. under pressure 处于压力之下

[课文原句再现] They are also under great pressure to appear young and beautiful. 他们也承受着巨大的压力，要显得年轻漂亮。

[拓展]

The president was under pressure to deal with the food crisis. 总统处于要处理粮食危机的压力。

stress n. 压力，紧迫，困难，（心理、生理或情绪上的）紧张

under the stress of poverty 在贫困的压力下

time of stress 危难之际，非常时期

stress and pressure 紧张和压力

[拓展] n. 重视;强调 lay [place， put] stress on 把重点放在……上;在……上用力

We must lay stress on self reliance. 我们必须强调自立更生。

vt. 着重;强调

I must stress that we havent much time. 我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。

The director stressed that point in particular. 厂长特别强调了那一点。

2. go about sth. 从事，着手做， 继续做……

go about sth.—continue to do; keep busy with 继续做，忙于做

Could you please inform me how to go about contacting a lawyer？ 请您告诉我怎样去联络律师？

Despite the threat of the war， people went about their work as usual. 尽管战争一触即发，人们仍像平时一样工作。

忙于日常事务 go about ones daily routine;go about （doing） sth. —start to do something; set about sth. 开始，着手

How do you go about repairing this telex machine？ （= set about）

3. go through... 经历……

[课文原句再现] As we go through our daily lives， we meet many different kinds of people. 在我们的日常生活中，我们要接触到许多不同的人。

[拓展] Their marriage has been going through a bad patch in the past several years. 他们的婚姻在过去几年经历了一段难熬的日子。

go through

（1） suffer / experience 遭受， 经历

Iraq has gone through two wars. 伊拉克经历两场战争。

（2） 仔细检查，审查

She went through the room but couldnt find the missing ring. 她仔细检查了房间，但是没有发现丢失的戒指。

（3） 履行

go through the procedures

[拓展] go down 下降;倒下;go with 伴随;跟……相配;协调;go against 违背;反对;抵抗;go in for 参加;喜欢

Thatll go against the traffic regulations. 那要违反交通规则的。

Ill go with him as far as the bus stop. 我陪他到公共汽车站。

4. correspond with... 和……相对应;与……相符合

[拓展] （1） 符合，一致[（+to / with）]

Does the name on the envelope correspond with the name on the letter inside？ 信封上的名字与里面信上的名字是否相同？

（2） 相当，相应[（+to）]

The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. 美国国会相当于英国议会。

（3） 通信[（+with）]

Have you been corresponding with him？ 你一直和他通信吗？

5. take pleasure in... 乐于……

[拓展] They took great pleasure in helping the people in need in the neighbourhood. 他们非常乐于帮助附近那些困难的人。

6. in contrast 与此相反 （相比之下）

But， in contrast， it is only in modern times that Galileo has become a problem child for historians of science.但是相比之下，对于科学史家来说，伽利略只是在现代才变成了一个成问题的孩子了。

[点拨] contrast n. 差别; 明显差异

present a striking contrast to 和……成显著的对比;form a striking contrast to 和……成显著的对比;in contrast to / in contrast with 和……形成对比 （对照）

In contrast with their system， ours seems very oldfashioned. 我们的制度与他们的相比， 显得过于守旧了。

[拓展] vt.， vi. （常与with连用）使对照;使对比

The writer contrasts good with evil. 作家使美好与邪恶形成对照。

Your action contrasts with your principles. 你的行为和道义对比时就显示出差别。

7. clear up

[拓展] （1） 整理;完成;收拾

Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive？ 能请你在客人来之前打扫一下房间吗？

Okay， children， well clear up the room now. 好啦，孩子们，咱们现在打扫房间吧。

（2） （天气） 转晴

It is raining now， but I think it will clear up soon. 现在还在下雨，不过我想很快就会放晴。

Its very likely to clear up by and by. 很可能不久就要放晴了。

（3） 消除

We must multiply our efforts to clear up the mystery. 我们必须加倍努力来澄清这一神秘的事件。

clear up a misunderstanding 解除误会

[拓展] clear away 收拾干净（餐具）;扫除;消散;clear off清理;清算（债务）;（使） 离开;clear out 清除;使耗尽全部钱财;售出存货

The football match came to an end，and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground. 足球赛结束了，人群很快从球场散去。

Go into the field and clear those boys off. 到田里去，把那些男孩赶走。

Clear out things in this cupboard，please. 请把这个碗橱里的东西都清除掉。

Unit 2

一、重点词汇

1. determined adj. 坚决的， 毅然的， 确定的

strictly determined 严格确定的;in a determined manner 决然

[拓展] be determined to do sth.

I am determined to pay him 100 dollars. 我决心付给他100美元。

The government is determined to combat international terrorism. 政府决定同国际恐怖主义作斗争。

注意：determine vt. 决心

He determined to form a club. 他决心成立一个俱乐部。

The court determined that the man was guilty of assault. 法庭裁定那个人犯了侵犯人身罪。

2. rot vi. （rotted， rotting）

腐烂 [败];堕落，/（在狱中等）消瘦，憔悴/[俚] [用进行时态] 开玩笑;讲挖苦话

The ripe fruit began to rot when no one came to pick it. 没有人来摘这些成熟的水果，它们已经开始烂了。

He was only rotting. 他不过是开玩笑。

[拓展] 习惯用语

dry rot （植物）枯萎 （社会）内部腐败;Rot it！ 该死！ 糟糕！ talk rot 胡说八道，胡话

The rot sets in. 事情节节失利;倒霉的事情不断发生。

a tree full of rot 一棵朽树，胡说;荒唐的想法;Dont talk rot！ 别胡说！

3. wag vt. （wagged; wagging） 摇，摆动

[拓展] 习惯用语

wag ones finger at 向……摇指头 （表示责难， 轻视）;wag ones head 摇头

The dog was wagging its tail slowly on the hot summer day. 大热天，狗轻轻摇着尾巴。

My father holds his arms and wags his head in disapproval. 父亲抱臂胸前摇头表示不赞成。

4. land

[拓展] 成功得到，赢得，捞到 （尤指许多人想得到的工作）

Hes just landed a starring role in Spelbergs next movie. 他刚得到一个机会，在斯皮尔博格执导的下一部电影中担任主角。

He was lucky to land a good job. 他很幸运，找到一份好工作。

vt. 使登陆;使降落;使下车

The pilot landed the helicopter in a rice field. 飞行员将直升飞机降落在一片稻田里。

vi. 登陆;降落

The airliner landed safely.客机安全降落。

5. mind n. 思想，心理，心意 vi. / vt. 介意，注意，留心

[拓展] 习惯用语

make up ones mind 下定决心;absentminded 心不在焉;bear sth. in mind 牢记;weigh on ones mind 把……挂在心头

She gave him a frown and told him to mind his manners. 她向他皱了皱眉提醒他注意言行。

Did you mind being away from home for so long？ 你介意离家这么久么？

Dont your parents mind you staying out so late？ 你的父母难道不介意你在外面待这么晚么？

6. bond n. 关系;联系

[拓展] 牢固的联系：纽带;联系;关系;契合

A bond of friendship had been formed between them. 他们之间形成了一种友谊的纽带。

bonds of friendship 友邦

The agreement strengthened the bonds between the two countries. 协议加强了两国间的联系。

the special bond between mother and child 母子间的独特关系

债券;公债;证券

4.5% National Savings bonds 年利四分五厘的国家储蓄券

v. 粘合These two substances wont bond together. 这两种东西粘不到一起。

习惯用语 ones word is （as good as） ones bond 说话有信用

二、重点词组

1. off the top of ones head 未加思考的，不假思索地，信口地

[拓展] talk off the top of ones head即席发表谈话

I cant tell you the answer off the top of my head.我不经考虑无法告诉你答案。

He was famous for being able to answer difficult questions off the top of his head. 他因为不假思索就能回答难题而有名。

2. have butterflies in ones stomach （做某事前）心慌，紧张

[拓展] have butterflies in ones stomach紧张，忐忑不安

Sam had butterflies in his stomach as he went to the bosss office to ask for a rise. 萨姆到老板办公室去要求加薪时，心里十分紧张。

3. make allowance for 考虑

[拓展] 同义词组： take something into consideration

The plan doesnt take people working on night shifts into consideration. 这项计划没有考虑上夜班的人。

4. look somebody in the eye 注视“某人”，直视“某人”

[拓展] The father asked his son to look him in the eye and tell him what had happened. 父亲要儿子看着他的眼睛，告诉他发生什么事了。

5. follow something up 采取后续行动

[拓展] follow up vt. 跟进，补充，采取后续行动/穷追（跟踪，重复补充，继承，监督，贯彻到底）

Thats an interesting idea， and well certainly follow it up. 那是一个有意义的想法，我们一定要进一步予以研究。

follow up （与with连用）贯彻：to follow up a suggestion 贯彻一项建议

If you do not get any response， you should follow up your fax by giving them a call. 如果发的传真没有得到任何回应，你就应该打电话跟踪。

6. give sb. the edge

[点拨] 名词edge在这里的意思是“微弱的优势”。如：

Physically， the young tennis player had the edge over / on his opponent. 这个年轻的网球运动员在体力上肯定比他的对手略胜一筹。

7. as easy as pie 十分容易

[拓展] 同义词短语：as easy as ABC / a piece of cake

Its as easy as ABC / a piece of cake for the scientist to solve the maths problem. 对于这位科学家来说，解这道数学题太容易了。

8. in response to 作为对……的回应，答复

[拓展] response是名词，其动词形式为respond;respond to意为“作为对……的回应，答复”; make a response 意为“作出相应，作出回复”

一句多译：他对我的建议报以一笑。

He responded to my suggestion with a laugh.

He laughed in response to my suggestion.

（作者：毛春霞，泰州市第三高级中学）