香港文汇报：重庆在长江经济带中具有比较优势

□ 文/见习记者 吴俊琰

香港文汇报：重庆在长江经济带中具有比较优势

□ 文/见习记者 吴俊琰

张蕊

香港文汇报驻渝办主任张蕊

重庆拥有经济开发区、保税港区和国家级口岸，形成了全面的开放格局，逐步成为内陆开放的高地。

置于国家战略下的长江经济带能为重庆带来什么？重庆在长江经济带中有些什么优势呢？日前，本刊记者采访了香港文汇报驻渝办主任张蕊。以下就是她的主要观点。

从中国改革开放的全局来看，在沿海开发开放和西部大开发的背景下，中国的经济版图呈现H型分布，H的左边是西部大开发的重点地带，包括“中国第四增长极”的成渝都市圈。右边是沿海地带，在沿海经济带与西部开发带之间由长江经济带贯通，龙头上海与沿海经济带衔接，龙尾重庆与西部开发带衔接，形成中国目前最重要的战略联动关系。这样一来，重庆的战略地位是不言而喻的。但是深处内陆腹地的重庆的经济发展和沿海地区相比有着诸多限制，比如交通不便，开放程度不高——这些因素极大地制约了重庆和整个西部内陆地区的发展。但是，长江经济带及其配套政策的提出很大程度上改善了重庆的区位劣势，给重庆带来了很多新的发展机遇。

我们认为，重庆在长江经济带战略中具有五大比较优势：

1、区位优势。重庆地处长江大动脉的上游，长江经济带与西南经济带的结合部，是联通东西部经济的关节和枢纽，兼得长江经济带与西部大开发之利。

2、资源优势。重庆是世界级水资源富矿，可开发的水力发电量750亿千瓦时/年，是重庆发展现代工业、制造业强有力的保障。而且重庆作为传统的工业城市，工业基础雄厚，工业配套设施十分完善。

3、交通优势。重庆是长江上游物资集散地，铁路、水路、公路、航空立体交通运输网络形成。依托“黄金水道”长江，重庆能够发展廉价、环保的内河运输，能够拥有广阔的腹地并加强与沿海经济发达地区的联系。两江新区的开发更加强了重庆作为物资集散地的功能。

4、政策优势。重庆拥有经济开发区、保税港区和国家级口岸，形成了全面的开放格局，逐步成为内陆开放的高地。重庆拥有国家级开放平台两江新区，也拥有西部最大的保税港区。重庆作为内陆城市，却有国家审批通过的一级、二级、三级口岸，所以，进出口贸易的前景非常广阔。

5、人口优势。重庆拥有3000多万人口，其年龄结构总体上呈现出“中间大、两头小”的纺锤状格局，劳动年龄人口占人口总量的比重逾70%，在全国老龄化趋势日益严重的当下，重庆这种年龄结构直接对社会经济增长产生积极效应。同时，重庆的劳动力薪资水平比很多沿海城市低，这意味着从成本控制的角度，重庆比很多沿海城市更有优势，而这，是很多企业愿意看到的。

Judging from the overall situation of China’s reform and opening-up, China’s economic territory distributes in a fashion of the letter “H” against the background of development and opening up in the coastal areas and the Western Development. The key areas of the Western Development, including the city ring of Chengdu and Chongqing, lie on the left side of “H”. On the right side of “H” lie the coastal areas. The coastal economic belt and the Western Development belt are connected by the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Shanghai, the “dragon’s head”, is connected with the coastal economic belt while Chongqing, the “dragon’s tail”, is connected with the Western Development belt and thus built the most important strategic synergic relationship in China. Chongqing’s strategic position is self-evident. Compared with the coastal areas, however, Chongqing in the deep hinterland of China, is confronted with many restrictions like inconvenient transport and low degree of openness. These restrictions hinder its development and the entire Western inland areas of China. But the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the supporting policies reduce, to a large degree, the geographic disadvantage of Chongqing and bring it many unprecedented development opportunities.

Zhang Rui, the director of Chongqing Office of Hong Kong Wen Wei Po summarized, “We believe that Chongqing has comparative advantages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.”

1. Geographic advantages. Chongqing is located at upper reaches of the Yangtze River, connecting the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Southeast China Economic Belt. It is the node connecting the economies of East and West China. So it can bene fi t from the development of both the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Western Development.

2. Resource advantages. Chongqing has abundant water resources.The exploitable hydroelectricity power reaches 750KW, which can secure the development of modern industry and manufacturing industry in Chongqing. In addition, Chongqing, as a traditional industrial city, boasts a solid industrial foundation and complete supporting facilities.

3. Transportation advantages. Chongqing is the distribution center at the upper reaches of Yangtze River with a three-dimensional transportation network of railways, waterways, highways and airways. Dependent on the golden watercourse of Yangtze River, Chongqing can develop its cheap and environmental inland water transport, embrace the vast hinterland and reach out to the developed coastal regions. The development of Liangjiang New Area consolidates Chongqing’s function to distribute materials and goods.

4. Policy advantages. Chongqing has economic development zones, bonded ports and ports of the national level, forming an all-around openingup framework and gradually becoming a highland of opening-up. Besides, it is the seat of Liangjiang New Area, an opening-up platform of the national level and also the largest bonded port in West China. An inland city as it is, Chongqing has the Class-I, Class-II and Class-III ports approved by the Central Government and hence enjoys wide prospect of import and export.

5. Demographic advantages. Among Chongqing’s population of more than 30 million of a spindle-like age distribution, namely “big in the middle, yet small on both ends”, the workingage population takes a proportion of over 70%. Against the background of the ever-growing aging trend, such age distribution in Chongqing has a positive effect on the economic growth. In the meantime, the wage level here is lower than that in the coastal cities, which means Chongqing has more edges over the coastal cities in terms of cost control. Many enterprises would be happy to see that.”

Hong Kong Wen Wei Po: Chongqing has comparative advantages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

□ By probationary reporter Wu Junyan