广西多足摇蚊属一新记录种记述

2014-06-28 10:57徐慧君,陶亚丽
湖北农业科学 2014年7期
关键词:摇蚊刚毛色斑

徐慧君,陶亚丽(等)

摘要: 记述了广西多足摇蚊属一新记录种:十斑三突多足摇蚊[Polypedilum(Tripodura) decematoguttatum],并附主要特征图。十斑三突多足摇蚊隶属于多足摇蚊属(Polypedilum)三突摇蚊亚属(Tripodura),由Tokunaga于1938年命名并描述。十斑三突多足摇蚊区别于本亚属其他种的主要特征是翅具10块色斑、足具色环、肛尖每侧各具2个背突。

关键词:摇蚊科(Chironomidae);多足摇蚊属(Polypedilum);分类;广西新记录种

中图分类号:Q969.44+2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2014)07-1554-03

A New Record of Polypedilum, Kieffer in Guangxi

XU Hui-Jun,TAO Ya-li,LIANG Zheng,QI Xin

(School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang,China)

Abstract: A new record of Polypedilum, Polypedilum (Tripodura) decematoguttatum(Tokunaga, 1938) was described and illustrated with character graphs in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. P.(T.) decematoguttatum was attached to the genus Polypedilum Kieffer. It was firstly found and named by Tokunaga in 1938. The species can be separated from other species by characteristics including wing with 10 spots, legs with yellow rings, and anal point with two small lobes to each side.

Key words: Chironomidae; Polypedilum; taxonomy; a new record of Guangxi

多足摇蚊属(Polypedilum Kieffer,1912)隶属于摇蚊亚科(Chironominae)摇蚊族(Chironomini),为世界性分布的属,广布于全球各大生物地理区[1]。此属雄成虫区别于摇蚊族其他属的主要鉴别特征是前足胫节具有发达的鳞片,中后足胫节具有2个分离的栉,但只有一个胫栉具有距;第八腹节背板前缘渐窄,呈三角形;抱器端节内缘具长刚毛一列,均匀分布,爪垫深裂成两支[2]。目前,多足摇蚊属已记录440余种,分为8个亚属:Polypedilum sensu strictus Kieffer,1912;Pentapedilum Kieffer,1912;Tripedilum Kieffer,1921;Kribionympha Kieffer,1921;Tripodura Townes,1945;Uresipedilum Oyewo & Saether, 1998; Cerobregma Saether & Sundal, 1999 和Probolum Andersen & Saether,2010[3]。

十斑三突多足摇蚊[Polypedilum(Tripodura) decematoguttatum]隶属于Tripodura亚属,由日本学者Tokunaga于1938年命名并描述。在本研究之前,仅张瑞雷[2]和Qi等[4]记录此种在福建及云南的分布,未见广西的分布记录。

1 方法与术语

对采集于广西的十斑三突多足摇蚊雄成虫标本进行了观察与描述。种的鉴定参照Tokunaga[5]和Sasa等[6]的方法。形态学术语、标本测量方法及种的描述参照Saether[7]和Qi等[8]的方法。摇蚊成虫保存于75%的乙醇中,带回实验室后制作成玻片标本,其制作遵照Saether[9]的有关流程。

2 种的描述

2.1 观察标本

8♂,广西壮族自治区柳州市柳北区,2013-08-10,梁铮扫网。

2.2 特征描述

鉴别特征:翅具10块色斑、足具色环、肛尖每侧各具2个背突。

观察雄成虫数量为8。

体长3.55~4.00 mm,翅长1.90~2.10 mm,体长/翅长1.81~1.96,翅长/前足腿节长2.04~2.15。

体色。头部、胸部及腹部深棕色,生殖节黄棕色;各足腿节棕色,端部1/4处具黄色环;前足、后足的胫节黄色;中足胫节棕色,基部及端部具黄色环;各足跗节棕色,基部及端部具黄色环。

头部。触角13鞭节,末鞭节长780~840 μm,触角比为1.79~2.01;内顶鬃2~4根,外顶鬃2~4根,眶后鬃3~4根;唇基毛22~26根;幕骨长140~150 μm,宽30~40 μm;下唇须各节长度(μm):29~40、33~46、120~130、125~140、200~230。

胸部。中鬃15~17根,背中鬃14~15根,翅前鬃4~7根,小盾片鬃17~20根。

翅(图1-A)。翅具十块色斑;翅脉比为1.11~1.23;R脉具18~30根刚毛;R1脉具16~23根刚毛;R4+5脉具22~27根刚毛。腋瓣缘毛10~14根,臀角明显。

足。前足胫节具1胫栉,长44~55 μm。中足具1根胫距,长30~35 μm,中足具1胫栉,长度为50~60 μm;后足具1根胫距,长35~40 μm,后足具1胫栉,长65~70 μm;前足胫节宽50~57 μm,中足胫节宽55~60 μm,后足胫节宽60~70 μm。胸足各节长度及足比见表1。

生殖节见图1-B。第Ⅸ背板中部具10~15根刚毛,第Ⅸ侧板具2根长刚毛。肛尖长80~100 μm,肛尖端部膨大(图1-C),肛尖每侧各具2个背突,第一个背突长10~15 μm。阳茎内突长100~125 μm,横腹内生殖突长60~85 μm。上附器膨大,片状(图1-D),长50~75 μm,具4~8根刚毛。下附器指状(图1-E),长105~120 μm,具17~24根刚毛。抱器基节长156~190 μm;抱器端节长155~200 μm,内边缘具6~10根长刚毛。生殖节为0.85~1.03;生殖节值为1.95~2.26。

分布:中国(福建、云南、广西);日本。

3 小结与讨论

中国目前已记录多足摇蚊属种类约90种,其中三突多足摇蚊亚属记录9种[10],分别为:双刺多足摇蚊[P. (T.)bispinum Zhang & Wang,2007]、十斑三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)decematoguttatum(Tokunaga,1938)]、哈特三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)harteni Andersen & Mendes,2010]、日本三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)japonicum(Tokunaga,1938)]、裸突三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.) nudiprostatum Zhang,Wang & Saether,2006]、伪尖三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)pseudacifer Zorina & Makarchenko,2000]、梯形三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.) scalaenum(Schrank,1803)]、抹刀三突多足摇蚊[P. (T.) spathum Zhang & Wang,2007]、单带三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)unifascium(Tokunaga,1938)]。Qi等[4]曾记录十斑三突多足摇蚊在中国的分布,但未对此种进行详细描述。本研究增加了此种的广西分布,应为广西的一个新记录种。Tokunaga[5]描述日本此种,中国标本与上述记录一致。十斑三突多足摇蚊与特波三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)tobanona]相似,两种的主要区别在于前者翅具10块色斑,而后者翅具7块色斑。

参考文献:

[1] CRANSTON P S, DILLON M E, PINDER C V, et al. The adult males of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-keys and diagnoses[J]. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement,1989,34:353-532.

[2] 张瑞雷.中国多足摇蚊属系统学研究[D].天津:南开大学,2005.

[3] SAETHER O A, ANDERSEN T, PINHO L C, et al. The problems with Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of Probolum subgen.n.[J].Zootaxa,2010,2497:1-36.

[4] QI X, LIN X L, BAI Y, et al. Polypedilum (Tripodura) harteni Andersen & Mendes(Diptera:Chironomidae)newly recorded from China [J].The Pan-Pacific Entomologist,2013,89(2):73-78.

[5] TOKUNAGA M. Chironomidae from Japan(Diptera). X. New or little-known midges, with descriptions of the metamorphoses of several species[J].Philippine Journal of Science,1938,65:313-383.

[6] SASA M, KIKUCHI M. Chironomidae (Diptera) of Japan [M]. Tokyo:University of Tokyo Press,1995.

[7] SAETHER O A. Glossary of chironomid morphology terminology (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J]. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement,1980,14:1-51.

[8] QI X, LIN X L, WANG X H. Review of Dicrotendipes Kieffer from China (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J].Zookeys,2012,183:23-36.

[9] SAETHER O A. Some nearctic Podonominae, Diamesinae and Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J]. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,1969,170:1-154.

[10] 张瑞雷,王新华.中国东洋区三突多足摇蚊亚属两新种(双翅目,摇蚊科)[J].动物分类学报,2007,32(4):787-791.

生殖节见图1-B。第Ⅸ背板中部具10~15根刚毛,第Ⅸ侧板具2根长刚毛。肛尖长80~100 μm,肛尖端部膨大(图1-C),肛尖每侧各具2个背突,第一个背突长10~15 μm。阳茎内突长100~125 μm,横腹内生殖突长60~85 μm。上附器膨大,片状(图1-D),长50~75 μm,具4~8根刚毛。下附器指状(图1-E),长105~120 μm,具17~24根刚毛。抱器基节长156~190 μm;抱器端节长155~200 μm,内边缘具6~10根长刚毛。生殖节为0.85~1.03;生殖节值为1.95~2.26。

分布:中国(福建、云南、广西);日本。

3 小结与讨论

中国目前已记录多足摇蚊属种类约90种,其中三突多足摇蚊亚属记录9种[10],分别为:双刺多足摇蚊[P. (T.)bispinum Zhang & Wang,2007]、十斑三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)decematoguttatum(Tokunaga,1938)]、哈特三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)harteni Andersen & Mendes,2010]、日本三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)japonicum(Tokunaga,1938)]、裸突三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.) nudiprostatum Zhang,Wang & Saether,2006]、伪尖三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)pseudacifer Zorina & Makarchenko,2000]、梯形三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.) scalaenum(Schrank,1803)]、抹刀三突多足摇蚊[P. (T.) spathum Zhang & Wang,2007]、单带三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)unifascium(Tokunaga,1938)]。Qi等[4]曾记录十斑三突多足摇蚊在中国的分布,但未对此种进行详细描述。本研究增加了此种的广西分布,应为广西的一个新记录种。Tokunaga[5]描述日本此种,中国标本与上述记录一致。十斑三突多足摇蚊与特波三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)tobanona]相似,两种的主要区别在于前者翅具10块色斑,而后者翅具7块色斑。

参考文献:

[1] CRANSTON P S, DILLON M E, PINDER C V, et al. The adult males of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-keys and diagnoses[J]. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement,1989,34:353-532.

[2] 张瑞雷.中国多足摇蚊属系统学研究[D].天津:南开大学,2005.

[3] SAETHER O A, ANDERSEN T, PINHO L C, et al. The problems with Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of Probolum subgen.n.[J].Zootaxa,2010,2497:1-36.

[4] QI X, LIN X L, BAI Y, et al. Polypedilum (Tripodura) harteni Andersen & Mendes(Diptera:Chironomidae)newly recorded from China [J].The Pan-Pacific Entomologist,2013,89(2):73-78.

[5] TOKUNAGA M. Chironomidae from Japan(Diptera). X. New or little-known midges, with descriptions of the metamorphoses of several species[J].Philippine Journal of Science,1938,65:313-383.

[6] SASA M, KIKUCHI M. Chironomidae (Diptera) of Japan [M]. Tokyo:University of Tokyo Press,1995.

[7] SAETHER O A. Glossary of chironomid morphology terminology (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J]. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement,1980,14:1-51.

[8] QI X, LIN X L, WANG X H. Review of Dicrotendipes Kieffer from China (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J].Zookeys,2012,183:23-36.

[9] SAETHER O A. Some nearctic Podonominae, Diamesinae and Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J]. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,1969,170:1-154.

[10] 张瑞雷,王新华.中国东洋区三突多足摇蚊亚属两新种(双翅目,摇蚊科)[J].动物分类学报,2007,32(4):787-791.

生殖节见图1-B。第Ⅸ背板中部具10~15根刚毛,第Ⅸ侧板具2根长刚毛。肛尖长80~100 μm,肛尖端部膨大(图1-C),肛尖每侧各具2个背突,第一个背突长10~15 μm。阳茎内突长100~125 μm,横腹内生殖突长60~85 μm。上附器膨大,片状(图1-D),长50~75 μm,具4~8根刚毛。下附器指状(图1-E),长105~120 μm,具17~24根刚毛。抱器基节长156~190 μm;抱器端节长155~200 μm,内边缘具6~10根长刚毛。生殖节为0.85~1.03;生殖节值为1.95~2.26。

分布:中国(福建、云南、广西);日本。

3 小结与讨论

中国目前已记录多足摇蚊属种类约90种,其中三突多足摇蚊亚属记录9种[10],分别为:双刺多足摇蚊[P. (T.)bispinum Zhang & Wang,2007]、十斑三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)decematoguttatum(Tokunaga,1938)]、哈特三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)harteni Andersen & Mendes,2010]、日本三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)japonicum(Tokunaga,1938)]、裸突三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.) nudiprostatum Zhang,Wang & Saether,2006]、伪尖三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)pseudacifer Zorina & Makarchenko,2000]、梯形三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.) scalaenum(Schrank,1803)]、抹刀三突多足摇蚊[P. (T.) spathum Zhang & Wang,2007]、单带三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)unifascium(Tokunaga,1938)]。Qi等[4]曾记录十斑三突多足摇蚊在中国的分布,但未对此种进行详细描述。本研究增加了此种的广西分布,应为广西的一个新记录种。Tokunaga[5]描述日本此种,中国标本与上述记录一致。十斑三突多足摇蚊与特波三突多足摇蚊[P.(T.)tobanona]相似,两种的主要区别在于前者翅具10块色斑,而后者翅具7块色斑。

参考文献:

[1] CRANSTON P S, DILLON M E, PINDER C V, et al. The adult males of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-keys and diagnoses[J]. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement,1989,34:353-532.

[2] 张瑞雷.中国多足摇蚊属系统学研究[D].天津:南开大学,2005.

[3] SAETHER O A, ANDERSEN T, PINHO L C, et al. The problems with Polypedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae), with the description of Probolum subgen.n.[J].Zootaxa,2010,2497:1-36.

[4] QI X, LIN X L, BAI Y, et al. Polypedilum (Tripodura) harteni Andersen & Mendes(Diptera:Chironomidae)newly recorded from China [J].The Pan-Pacific Entomologist,2013,89(2):73-78.

[5] TOKUNAGA M. Chironomidae from Japan(Diptera). X. New or little-known midges, with descriptions of the metamorphoses of several species[J].Philippine Journal of Science,1938,65:313-383.

[6] SASA M, KIKUCHI M. Chironomidae (Diptera) of Japan [M]. Tokyo:University of Tokyo Press,1995.

[7] SAETHER O A. Glossary of chironomid morphology terminology (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J]. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement,1980,14:1-51.

[8] QI X, LIN X L, WANG X H. Review of Dicrotendipes Kieffer from China (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J].Zookeys,2012,183:23-36.

[9] SAETHER O A. Some nearctic Podonominae, Diamesinae and Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) [J]. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada,1969,170:1-154.

[10] 张瑞雷,王新华.中国东洋区三突多足摇蚊亚属两新种(双翅目,摇蚊科)[J].动物分类学报,2007,32(4):787-791.

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